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Condition: Mitochondrial Disease
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Total 998 results found since Jan 2013.

Naringenin Produces Neuroprotection Against LPS-Induced Dopamine Neurotoxicity via the Inhibition of Microglial NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that NAR targeted microglial NLRP3 inflammasome to protect DA neurons against LPS-induced neurotoxicity. These findings suggest NAR might hold a promising therapeutic potential for PD. Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent central nervous system (CNS) degenerative disease. It is characterized by slow and progressive loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra (SN) with the accumulation of α-synuclein in Lewy bodies and neuritis (1). Although the etiology of PD remains unclear, amounts of studies have suggested that ne...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 30, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Blood Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: A Quantitative Assessment of Diagnostic and Prognostic Accuracy
Conclusion We have reviewed the literature and identified blood biomarkers with the highest discriminative abilities as determined by operating characteristics in four commonly encountered clinical situations: diagnosing concussion, predicting the need for a CT scan after mTBI, predicting delayed recovery after mTBI, and predicting poor outcome after sTBI. The top performers in each category may provide insight into pathogenic mechanisms of TBI that most influence the measured endpoint. Nonetheless, many challenges remain before these biomarkers can be incorporated into clinical practice. In particular, it remains unclear...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Evolution of Complex Thallus Alga: Genome Sequencing of Saccharina japonica
Conclusion Large alga S. japonica has a large complex thallus tissue, and possesses a huge genome and gene expansion. In spite of high similarity in gene composition and classification, the structures of the two genomes of E. siliculosus and S. japonica are different in non-coding regions, repeat sequences, introns length and gene number. In particular, the number of genes related to extracellular components and halogen biosynthesis in S. japonica is significantly higher than that of E. siliculosus, which may be the main motive force for evolution of filament to thallus. In addition, the integration of viral genome in the...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - May 1, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Complement C5b-9 and Cancer: Mechanisms of Cell Damage, Cancer Counteractions, and Approaches for Intervention
In conclusion, osmotic burst of inflated complement-damaged cells may occur, but these bursts are most likely a consequence of metabolic collapse of the cell rather than the cause of cell death. The Complement Cell Death Mediator: A Concerted Action of Toxic Moieties Membrane pores caused by complement were first visualized by electron microscopy on red blood cell membranes as large ring structures (22). Similar lesions were viewed on E. coli cell walls (23). Over the years, ample information on the fine ultrastructure of the MAC that can activate cell death has been gathered (24) and has been recently further examined (...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Cord Blood Insulin and Mitochondrial DNA Content Related Methylome
In conclusion, in our investigation of epigenome-wide methylation, we identified several previously described as well as novel genes and pathways on multiple levels in relation to both, cord blood insulin and mtDNA content. Possible important targets of insulin as well as mitochondrial (dys-) function during embryogenesis point in the direction of neuronal development, histone modification, CYP-metabolism, and biological aging. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of “Comité voor Medische Ethiek UHasselt” and “Comité Medische Ethiek ZOL ...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 11, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Xenopus Resources: Transgenic, Inbred and Mutant Animals, Training Opportunities, and Web-Based Support
This reporter group also includes lines driven by ubiquitous promoters like CMV and human ubiquitin C. These are particularly useful for cut-and-paste, transplantation-based experiments to label and fate map regions of host embryos. The second group of reporter expression lines includes transgenics marking subcellular organelles (Supplementary Table S1B). These are highly useful for the study of molecular processes involved in cell function and are especially effective when utilized in the context of Xenopus egg extracts, the only cell-free system that permits full investigation of all DNA transactions related to cell cyc...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 24, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Zeolites as Carriers of Antitumor Ribonuclease Binase
In this study we tested the clinoptilolite, chabazite, and natrolite ability to be loaded by antitumor ribonuclease binase and the cytotoxicity of the obtained complexes. We found the optimal conditions for binase loading into zeolites and established the dynamic of its release. Cytotoxic effects of zeolite-binase complexes toward colorectal cancer Caco2 cells were characterized after 24 and 48 h of incubation with cells using MTT-test. Zeolites were toxic by itselfs and reduced cells viability by 30% (clinoptilolite), 40% (chabazite), and 70% (natrolite) after 48 h of incubation. Binase complexes with clinoptilolite as we...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 2, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Effect of Resveratrol on the Composition and State of Lipids and the Activity of Phospholipase A2 During the Excitation and Regeneration of Somatic Nerves
Conclusion It was established that both the nerve excitation conduction and the transection of somatic nerves lead to profound changes in the lipid composition. Not only the number of phospholipids, but also the phospholipid fatty acid composition is changing. The key factors responsible for the detected changes are phospholipase A2 and phospholipase C activities. In the first place of the nerve fiber degenerative processes were both Ca 2+-dependent and Ca 2+-independent phospholipase A2 activation in the fiber’s distal part, which associated with of the axonal transport blocking. Another factor affecting the nerv...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Virus Control of Cell Metabolism for Replication and Evasion of Host Immune Responses
María Maximina B. Moreno-Altamirano1*, Simon E. Kolstoe2 and Francisco Javier Sánchez-García1* 1Laboratorio de Inmunorregulación, Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico 2School of Health Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom Over the last decade, there has been significant advances in the understanding of the cross-talk between metabolism and immune responses. It is now evident that immune cell effector function strongly depends on the metabolic pathw...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Coagulation Pathways in Neurological Diseases: Multiple Sclerosis
Nicole Ziliotto1,2, Francesco Bernardi1, Dejan Jakimovski2 and Robert Zivadinov2,3* 1Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy 2Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States 3Clinical Translational Science Institute, Center for Biomedical Imaging, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States Significant progress has been made in understanding the complex interactions between the coagulatio...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Reveals Refined-Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction (BBG) as a Potential Ischemic Stroke Treatment Drug With Efficacy and a Favorable Therapeutic Window
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University. The protocol was approved by Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University. Author Contributions JW, MY, and LK conceived the experiments and helped to coordinate support and funding. XF performed the research and drafted the manuscript. SL, YL, and DX participated in the experiments. JW analyzed the data and edited the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of an...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Precision therapy for a medically actionable ATP1A3 variant from a genomic medicine program in an underserved population
CONCLUSION: In retrospect, his symptomatology matches the known medical conditions associated with the ATP1A3 gene namely Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood 2 (AHC), a rare autosomal dominant disorder with an incidence of 1 in one million. His single nucleotide variant, (c.2401G>A, p.D801N), is predicted to be damaging. The specific amino acid change p.D801N has been previously reported in ClinVar along with the allelic variant p.D801Y and both are considered pathogenic. The identification of this variant altered medical management for this patient as he was started on a calcium antagonist and has reported no further h...
Source: Molecular Medicine - August 24, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cara P Ford Rebecca O Littlejohn Ryan German Blake Vuocolo Jose Aceves Liesbeth Vossaert Nichole Owen Michael Wangler Carrie A Schmid Texome Project Source Type: research

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/ Recovery-Induced Injury in an in vitro Model of Neurovascular Unit
Conclusions Despite the above limitations, we indicate that the protective mechanism of CTs against OGD/R damage might exert via inhibiting neuron apoptosis and attenuating BBB disruption. Furthermore, we also clarified that CTs inhibited neuronal apoptosis possibly by blocking the activation of MAPK signaling pathways, and CTs alleviating BBB disruption may associated with the regulation of TJPs and MMP-9 in our experiment. Accordingly, CTs will represent a novel and potent candidate for the treatment of CIRI in the future. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of China�...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Complimentary Methods for Multivariate Genome-Wide Association Study Identify New Susceptibility Genes for Blood Cell Traits
This study was approved by the Science and Ethics Committee of the UVRI, the Ugandan National Council for Science and Technology, and the East of England-Cambridge South NHS Research Ethics Committee United Kingdom. Author Contributions SF, DG, MS, and PK designed the study. SF performed the analyses. TC carried out the quality control and imputation. DG, MS, and PK directed the project. SF and ON wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to the interpretation of the results and writing the article. Funding This work was funded by the Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute Uganda Research Unit on ...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 25, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research