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Total 234 results found since Jan 2013.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): An essential nutrient and a nutraceutical for brain health and diseases
Publication date: Available online 10 March 2017Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Grace Y. Sun, Agnes Simonyi, Kevin L. Fritsche, Dennis Y. Chuang, Mark Hannink, Zezong Gu, C. Michael Greenlief, Jeffrey K. Yao, James C. Lee, David Q. BeversdorfAbstractDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) enriched in phospholipids in the brain and retina, is known to play multi-functional roles in brain health and diseases. While arachidonic acid (AA) is released from membrane phospholipids by cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), DHA is linked to action of the Ca2+-independent...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 5, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Carbon pricing: a win-win environmental and public health policy.
Abstract Carbon pricing is an important tool for mitigating climate change. Carbon pricing can have significant health co-benefits. Air pollution from fossil fuels leads to detrimental health effects, including premature mortality, heart attacks, hospitalization from cardiorespiratory conditions, stroke, asthma exacerbations, and absenteeism from school and work, and may also be linked to autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease. Reduction in fossil fuel combustion through a carbon price can lead to improvements in all these areas of health. It can also improve health by encouraging active transportation c...
Source: Canadian Journal of Public Health - June 28, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Ambasta A, Buonocore JJ Tags: Can J Public Health Source Type: research

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): An essential nutrient and a nutraceutical for brain health and diseases
Publication date: Available online 10 March 2017Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty AcidsAuthor(s): Grace Y. Sun, Agnes Simonyi, Kevin L. Fritsche, Dennis Y. Chuang, Mark Hannink, Zezong Gu, C. Michael Greenlief, Jeffrey K. Yao, James C. Lee, David Q. BeversdorfAbstractDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) enriched in phospholipids in the brain and retina, is known to play multi-functional roles in brain health and diseases. While arachidonic acid (AA) is released from membrane phospholipids by cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), DHA is linked to action of the Ca2+-independent...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) - July 10, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

GW study will examine molecular mechanisms of male bias in autism
(George Washington University) With more than $2 million from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, a team at GW led by Chiara Manzini, PhD, will study the CC2D1A gene and its role in the development of autism in males versus females.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - July 19, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

Yawning in neurology: a review
ABSTRACT Yawning is a stereotyped physiological behavior that can represent a sign or symptom of several conditions, such as stroke, parakinesia brachialis oscitans, parkinsonism, Parkinson ’ s disease and epilepsy. More rarely, it can occur in patients with intracranial hypertension, brain tumor, multiple sclerosis, migraine, Chiari malformation type I, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Drug-induced yawning is an uncommon clinical condition and yawning in patients with autism or schizophrenia is very rare. The aim of this review is to describe in detail the occurrence of the phenomenon in such conditions, and its ’ p...
Source: Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria - July 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The dynamic Duo: Combining noninvasive brain stimulation with cognitive interventions
Publication date: Available online 9 October 2018Source: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryAuthor(s): Aakash V. Sathappan, Bruce M. Luber, Sarah H. LisanbyAbstractPharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS)1 each show efficacy in the treatment of psychiatric disorders; however, more efficacious interventions are needed as reflected by an overall unmet need in mental health care. While each modality has typically been studied and developed as a monotherapy, in practice they are typically used in combination. Research has begun to emerge studying the potential synergi...
Source: Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry - October 9, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Vitamin D3 deficiency in puberty rats causes presynaptic malfunctioning through alterations in exocytotic release and uptake of glutamate/GABA and expression of EAAC-1/GAT-3 transporters.
Abstract Recent experimental and epidemiologic investigations have revealed that the central nervous system is a target for vitamin D3 action and also linked vitamin D3 deficiency to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, autism and dementia. Abnormal homeostasis of glutamate and GABA and signaling disbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of major neurological diseases. Here, key transport characteristics of glutamate and GABA were analysed in presynaptic nerve terminals (synaptosomes) isolated from the cortex of vitamin D3 deficient (VDD) rats. Puberty rats were kept at the VDD diet up to adulthood. VDD caused...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - October 24, 2018 Category: Food Science Authors: Krisanova N, Pozdnyakova N, Pastukhov A, Dudarenko M, Maksymchuk O, Parkhomets P, Sivko R, Borisova T Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Non-Invasive In Vivo MRI Method to Image Salient Features of Axons and Nerves
The invention from Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) provides a non-invasive, painless means for measuring microanatomical features of Nerve and Axon Diameter Distribution (ADD) to image the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems (CNS and PNS). ADD is altered in abnormal development (e.g., autism), in neurodegenerative processes (e.g., aging, alcoholism, Alzheimer ’s disease) and diseases such as ALS (Lou Gehrig’s disease). U.S. patent 7,643,863, related to this invention, consists of a novel diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) experiment and modeling framew...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - November 14, 2018 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research

Carbon nanotubes and central nervous system: environmental risks, toxicological aspects and future perspectives
Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Alessio Facciolà, Giuseppa Visalli, Sebastiano La Maestra, Manuela Ceccarelli, Francesco D’Aleo, Giuseppe Nunnari, Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò, Angela Di PietroAbstractDue to their morphological and physicochemical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) enhance the structural properties of several materials and are produced in great volumes. The production and the manufacturing of CNTs-incorporated products can lead to the potential environmental release of CNTs. For these reasons, CNTs can represent a serious c...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - November 23, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Machine learning studies on major brain diseases: 5-year trends of 2014 –2018
AbstractIn the recent 5  years (2014–2018), there has been growing interest in the use of machine learning (ML) techniques to explore image diagnosis and prognosis of therapeutic lesion changes within the area of neuroradiology. However, to date, the majority of research trend and current status have not been clearly il luminated in the neuroradiology field. More than 1000 papers have been published during the past 5 years on subject classification and prediction focused on multiple brain disorders. We provide a survey of 209 papers in this field with a focus on top ten active areas of research; i.e., Alzheimer’ s di...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - November 29, 2018 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Brain plasticity restored in adult mice through targeting specific nerve cell connections
(Tufts University, Health Sciences Campus) Research in mice finds a new molecular mechanism that is essential for maturation of brain function and may be used to restore plasticity in aged brains. Unlike previous research that broadly manipulated brain plasticity and affected the entire brain, this work targets for the first time a specific molecule acting on a single type of neuronal connection to modulate brain function. The findings may advance treatment of human diseases such as autism and stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science - January 8, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

Case report of prenatal bilateral cerebellar infarction: implications for social-behavioral functioning.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings add to growing evidence that the cerebellum plays an important role in social development, and that early cerebellar injury may represent an acquired pathway for ASD. Complex medical histories may obscure or delay diagnosis of ASD, highlighting the importance of early evaluation using a multidisciplinary approach. PMID: 30698067 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Clinical Neuropsychologist - January 30, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Whiting SE, Carson AM, Clark GD, Schwartz DD Tags: Clin Neuropsychol Source Type: research

An umbrella review of the evidence for equine ‐assisted interventions
ConclusionsThe evidence for equine ‐assisted interventions for adults and children across a range of conditions and presentations is equivocal. The current evidence base is marred by multiple methodological weaknesses and thus, therapeutic interventions that include a horse cannot be asserted as best practice at this time. Rigorous research is indicated to determine the utility of equine‐assisted interventions.
Source: Australian Journal of Psychology - February 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Cindy Stern, Anna Chur ‐Hansen Tags: SPECIAL ISSUE Source Type: research

Electroconvulsive therapy: 80 years of use in psychiatry.
Authors: Kaliora SC, Zervas IM, Papadimitriou GN Abstract Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the oldest among the early biological treatments introduced in psychiatry, and the only one still in use. In this paper we attempt a brief presentation of ECT usage over the last 80 years, since it was originally introduced. It is a safe, well-tolerated, and highly effective treatment option for major psychiatric disorders, such as mood disorders and schizophrenia, especially when there is an acute exacerbation of psychotic symptoms or if catatonic symptoms are prominent. ECT has also been used successfully for the treatmen...
Source: Psychiatriki - March 4, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Psychiatriki Source Type: research

South Africa: Quack Claims About Oxygen Treatment Are Dangerous
[GroundUp] If you go scuba-diving and come up to the surface too fast, you might need Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy. But, experts warn, it can't treat cancer, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, autism, or arthritis, as some quack outfits are claiming.
Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine - March 15, 2019 Category: African Health Source Type: news