Non-contrast dual-energy CT using X-map for acute ischemic stroke: region-specific comparison with simulated 120-kVp CT and diffusion-weighted MR images
ConclusionsX-map is useful to detect EIC, especially in deep white matter, and may also provide additional information in acute ischemic lesions where DWI cannot be detected. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 26, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
A look at radiation detectors and their applications in medical imaging
AbstractThe effectiveness and precision of disease diagnosis and treatment have increased, thanks to developments in clinical imaging over the past few decades. Science is developing and progressing steadily in imaging modalities, and effective outcomes are starting to show up as a result of the shorter scanning periods needed as well as the higher-resolution images generated. The choice of one clinical device over another is influenced by technical disparities among the equipment, such as detection medium, shorter scan time, patient comfort, cost-effectiveness, accessibility, greater sensitivity and specificity, and spati...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 21, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Preliminary assessment of automated radiology report generation with generative pre-trained transformers: comparing results to radiologist-generated reports
ConclusionsOur preliminary study suggests that GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 have the possibility to generate radiology reports with high readability and reasonable image findings from very short keywords; however, concerns persist regarding the accuracy of impressions and differential diagnoses, thereby requiring verification by radiologists. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 15, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Inflammation index predicts radiation-induced lung injury and prognosis in lung tumors treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy
ConclusionIn lung tumor patients treated with SBRT, pretreatment SII, NLR, and PLR can effectively predict RP and a higher PLR predicts poor OS. These inflammation-based indexes could serve as reliable and convenient predictors to guide treatment for physicians in clinical practice. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 9, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
An overview on multimodal imaging for the diagnostic workup of pleural mesothelioma
AbstractPleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive disease that has a strong causal relationship with asbestos exposure and represents a major challenge from both a diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoint. Despite recent improvements in patient care, PM typically carries a poor outcome, especially in advanced stages. Therefore, a timely and effective diagnosis taking advantage of currently available imaging techniques is essential to perform an accurate staging and dictate the most appropriate treatment strategy. Our aim is to provide a brief, but exhaustive and up-to-date overview of the role of multimodal medical imaging in...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 7, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Retrospective comparison of clinical outcomes of ultrasound-guided percutaneous cholecystostomy in patients with and without coagulopathy: a single center ’s experience
ConclusionClinical outcomes and complications rates after PC did not statistically differ between patients with and without coagulopathy, but there was a tendency of higher risk of hemorrhage in coagulopathy patients. Therefore, the indication of this procedure should be carefully determined. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Reproducibility of automated calculation technique for diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space
ConclusionThe vALPS index based on DTI-ALPS maintaining tensor vector orientation information has higher reproducibility than the ALPS index. This result encourages a multisite study on the ALPS index with a large sample size and helps detect a subtle pathological change in the ALPS index. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
An analysis of the left top pulmonary vein and comparison with the right top pulmonary vein for lung resection by three-dimensional CT angiography and thin-section images
ConclusionThe top PV branching pattern variations can be evaluated using thin-section CT and 3D-CTA images. RTPV is not a rare finding, and LTPV should also be identified in lung cancer cases scheduled for resection. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Neuroimaging of hypophysitis: etiologies and imaging mimics
AbstractHypophysitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the pituitary gland. Hypophysitis can be classified into multiple types depending on the mechanisms (primary or secondary), histology (lymphocytic, granulomatous, xanthomatous, plasmacytic/IgG4 related, necrotizing, or mixed), and anatomy (adenohypophysitis, infundibulo-neurohypophysitis, or panhypophysitis). An appropriate diagnosis is vital for managing these potentially life-threatening conditions. However, physiological morphological alterations, remnants, and neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions may masquerade as hypophysitis, both clinically and radiologica...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Association of pericoronary adipose tissue with atrial fibrillation recurrence after ablation based on computed tomographic angiography
ConclusionEATVI and LCX-FAI were related to recurrence of AF after ablation and have important clinical value in predicting the AF recurrence. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Characterizing the penumbras of white matter hyperintensities in patients with cerebral small vessel disease
ConclusionsOur findings revealed that DTI/DKI and ASL can show structural and blood flow changes in brain tissue surrounding WMHs. In DWMHs, the blood flow penumbra was larger than the structural penumbra, while in PVWMHs, the blood flow penumbra was almost the same as the structural penumbra. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - September 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
