Lung ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy – Cardiology MCQ – Answer
Lung ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy has a negative predictive value of nearly — percent for excluding thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension:
Correct answer: a) 100%
Because of the nearly 100% negative predictive value, a normal lung ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy (V/Q scan) virtually excludes the diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). V/Q scanning has a high sensitivity of 96 – 97.4% for detecting perfusion abnormalities.
But V/Q scan being not very specific, its diagnostic utility is low. It can only be used as an initial screening test. Any abnormal test requires additio...
Source: Cardiophile MD - May 28, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs
What Will Happen if We Replace MRI Magnets with Diamonds?
An international team of researchers from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley have devised a way to utilize the defects in nanoscale and microscale diamonds to strengthen magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems and eliminate their need for magnets.In a recently published studyinScience Advances, lead author Ashok Ajoy, PhD, explains how tiny crystallites of diamonds can capture signals from MRI and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) through light instead of magnets. The diamonds ’ crystal structures feature microscopic defects that can be leveraged by electronic spins. By...
Source: radRounds - May 25, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Julie Morse Source Type: blogs
New book highlights continued brain development throughout adolescence, even into our 20s
– Dr. Sarah-Jane Blakemore
_____
Neuroscientist Probes Myths About the Teenage Brain (Education Week):
“We often think early childhood is this dramatic window of learning and development in the brain, and you’re highlighting adolescence as a different kind of window. Can you talk a little bit about that?
I was told when I was an undergraduate that the human brain pretty much stopped developing after mid-childhood. From [magnetic resonance imaging] of living brains, we’ve discovered that that’s not true at all—in fact, the brain continues to develop right throughout childhood and adolescence and even into the 20...
Source: SharpBrains - May 23, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: SharpBrains Tags: Cognitive Neuroscience Education & Lifelong Learning adolescence brain development magnetic resonance imaging teenage-brain Source Type: blogs
Lake Louise criteria – Cardiology MCQ -Answer
Lake Louise criteria is for the diagnosis of:
Correct answer c) Myocarditis on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Lake Louise criteria are based on those for detection of myocardial edema, hyperemia and capillary leakage (myocardial early gadolinium enhancement), necrosis and fibrosis (late gadolinium enhancement/LGE). Edema is indicated by an area of high intensity signal in T2 weighted images. It can be global in some cases. In the absence of late gadolinium enhancement which would indicate necrosis or fibrosis, edema is suggestive of potentially reversible myocardial injury. Global myocardial edema may be difficult to i...
Source: Cardiophile MD - May 19, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs
Large study to study impact on early brain development of financial assistance to low-income mothers
In this study, we examined associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and amygdala volume by age across childhood and adolescence to test whether socioeconomic disadvantage would be associated with larger amygdala volume at younger ages but with smaller amygdala volume at older ages. We then examined whether SES and amygdala volume were associated with children’s levels of anxiety and depression. Participants were 3- to 21-year-olds from the Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics study (N = 1,196), which included structural magnetic resonance imaging. A subsample (n = 327; 7–21 years of age) completed sel...
Source: SharpBrains - May 18, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: SharpBrains Tags: Cognitive Neuroscience Education & Lifelong Learning Baby’s First Years brain-development Cerebral Cortex cognitive-development emotional-development employment memory-skills Mental-Health poverty Stress Source Type: blogs
Using MRI and PET to Detect Early Knee Osteoarthritis
Researchers from Stanford University have developed the first protocol using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting early stage knee osteoarthritis (OA) in all joint tissues. Their findingswere recently published inOsteoarthritis and Cartilage. Traditionally, joint tissues are examined separately, and MRI can only assist in monitoring changes in the subchondral bone when the disease has progressed substantially. The group of researchers led by Feliks Kogan, PhD, saw the need to create a technique that could non-invasively assess changes in bone remodeling and adjacent tissues.The researchers studied patients wi...
Source: radRounds - May 18, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Julie Morse Source Type: blogs
Lake Louise criteria – Cardiology MCQ
Lake Louise criteria is for the diagnosis of:
a) Myocardial infarction on echocardiography
b) Endocarditis on blood culture
c) Myocarditis on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
d) None of the above
Please post your answer as a comment below. Correct answer will be published on: May 19, 2018 @ 18:18
The post Lake Louise criteria – Cardiology MCQ appeared first on Cardiophile MD. (Source: Cardiophile MD)
Source: Cardiophile MD - May 17, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs
Wearable MRI Detector Allows Imaging of Moving Joints
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have developed a wearable detector glove that allows them to image a moving hand in an MRI scanner. The glove allows for high-quality images of moving joints, whereby tendons and ligaments can be seen moving in relation to bones and muscle, and could be useful in helping to guide surgery. The capability should aid in the design of prostheses and for diagnosing conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome.
MRI is a hugely powerful imaging technique. However, it can typically only image motionless objects, meaning that the soft tissue dynamics of moving joints are out of grasp. Part of the pro...
Source: Medgadget - May 11, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Conn Hastings Tags: Orthopedic Surgery Radiology Rehab Source Type: blogs
MRI Maps of Brain ’s Visual Cortex Connectivity Point to Mental Illness
Researchers at Duke University may have identified a way of predicting future (!) onset of mental illness. They used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study how various parts of the brain communicate with each other. What the investigators noticed is that those individuals with a poorly functioning visual cortex, that doesn’t seem to talk well to the rest of the brain, tend to also be the ones that point to higher chances of having mental conditions as measured by a common mental health assessment.
Study in journal Biological Psychiatry: A Connectome Wide Functional Signature of Transdiagnostic Risk for Mental Illn...
Source: Medgadget - May 10, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Editors Tags: Psychiatry Radiology Source Type: blogs
The salience brain network and personality (self-directedness; cognitive control)
Abstract:A prevailing topic in personality neuroscience is the question how personality traits arereflected in the brain. Functional and structural networks have been examined by functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging, however, the structural correlates of functionally defined networks have not been investigated in a personality context. By using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), the present study assesses in a sample of 116 healthy participants how personality traits proposed in the framework of the biopsychosocial theory on personality relate to white matter p...
Source: Intelligent Insights on Intelligence Theories and Tests (aka IQ's Corner) - May 6, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Tags: brain networks personality salience network self-regulation white matter Source Type: blogs
Study combines MRI brain scans with statistics to better predict cognitive problems after stroke
Conclusions: The brain health index is a new image analysis approach that may usefully capture combined visible brain damage in large-scale studies of ageing, neurovascular and neurodegenerative disease.
The Study in Context:
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Solving ...
Source: SharpBrains - April 23, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: SharpBrains Tags: Cognitive Neuroscience Health & Wellness Technology atrophy brain health index Brain-health brain-injury cerebral small vessel diseases cognition computer-assisted image processing magnetic resonance imaging stroke Source Type: blogs
What Are We Going to Do with a 10.5-Tesla Magnet?
After 10 long years of research, scientists at the University of Minnesota ’s Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR) have successfully conducted agroundbreaking magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the whole human body at 10.5-Tesla, the strongest magnetic field strength ever to be used. The new magnet creates highly-defined images of the body ’s functions that will help physicians get a clearer and more in-depth look at specific conditions like Alzheimer’s, heart disease, and cancer, and allow them to determine appropriate treatment plans. Around 2008, CMRR received an $8 million grant from the National...
Source: radRounds - March 30, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Julie Morse Source Type: blogs
Increased Elastin Production as a Therapy for Age-Related Arterial Stiffening
Elastin, as the name might suggest, is an important structural molecule in the extracellular matrix of elastic tissues, such as blood vessels. Elastin content in blood vessel walls falls with age, alongside the stiffening of those blood vessels, though it is an open question as to the degree to which that is secondary to various mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, presence of senescent cells, and so forth. A very interesting study in mice from a few years ago demonstrated improved elasticity in the lung tissue of mice resulting from clearance of senescent cells, for example.
It is also an open question as to wh...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 21, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
How Being Sleep Deprived Alters a Brain Connection That Causes Fear and Anxiety
Your co-worker sluggishly walks into the office and tells you they were up all night working on their client pitch. Do you marvel at their dedication and commitment, or do you shrug it off and think, “Yeah, I’ve had plenty of those nights“?
Odds are, your response would be the latter. After all, sleep is for the weak.
It is not uncommon for us to push our bodies to an unhealthy point in hopes of reaching our goals, whether it’s being a good parent and taking care of your newborn, or pulling an all-nighter to cram for the bar exam.
Being sleep deprived has become such a norm in today’s society that we of...
Source: World of Psychology - March 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nick Hobson, PhD Tags: Anxiety and Panic Brain and Behavior Health-related Industrial and Workplace Memory and Perception Motivation and Inspiration PTSD Research Self-Help Sleep Stress Cognitive Neuroscience Fear Hyperarousal Insomnia Negativity B Source Type: blogs
What Does Your Handedness Say About Your Brain Structure?
Left-handedness, as a relatively uncommon phenomenon, never fails to fascinate people. There is a common perception that left-handed people are more talented and artistic. To what extent these assumptions are correct, and what your preferred use of right or left hand can tell you about your brain structure?
Handedness represents the better performance or preference of using one hand, i.e., the dominant hand. Right-handedness is the most common type observed in 70–95% of the world population, followed by left-handedness, and then a very rare type of mixed handedness and ambidexterity. Although this is an important physio...
Source: World of Psychology - March 13, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Psych Central Staff Tags: Brain and Behavior Brain Blogger Publishers Brain Structure Handedness left-handed right-handed Source Type: blogs
