The COVID-Kidney Controversy: Can SARS-CoV-2 Cause Direct Renal Infection?
Context: Determining whether SARS-CoV-2 causes direct infection of the kidneys is challenging due to limitations in imaging and molecular tools.Subject of Review: A growing number of conflicting kidney biopsy and autopsy reports highlight this controversial issue.Second Opinion: Based on the collective evidence, therapies that improve hemodynamic stability and oxygenation, or dampen complement activation, are likely to ameliorate acute kidney injury in COVID-19. At this time, whether inhibition of viral infection and replication directly modulates kidney damage is inconclusive.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - February 18, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Expanded Hemodialysis and Its Effects on Hospitalizations and Medication Usage: A Cohort Study
Conclusion: Switching to HDx was associated with reductions in hospital day rate and medication use, suggesting HDx has the potential to reduce the burden of ESKD on patients and healthcare systems.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - February 17, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
KM55 Monoclonal Antibody Staining in IgA-Dominant Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis
Conclusions: Glomerular KM55 staining intensity might be helpful to distinguish IgA-IRGN from primary IgAN. Weak or negative staining may favor IgA-IRGN. In addition, integrated analysis including clinical data, pathological findings, and prognostic information would further improve the differential diagnosis.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - February 17, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Vancomycin Adsorption During in vitro Model of Hemoperfusion with HA380 Cartridge
Conclusions: A considerable amount of vancomycin was rapidly removed during in vitro HP with HA380. Clinical studies are needed to determine whether this may lead to underdosing. Drug therapeutic monitoring is highly recommended when using HA380 for blood purification in patients receiving vancomycin.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - February 10, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Efficacy and Safety of Long-Term Corticosteroid Monotherapy in 26 Cases of Nephrotic Syndrome with Biopsy-Proven Membranous Nephropathy Induced by Seronegative Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Glomerulonephritis
Conclusion: The long-term middle-dose corticosteroid therapy without antiviral drugs is effective and safe for membranous sn HBV-GN patients. For sn HBV-GN patients, the monitoring of HBV DNA and HBV markers in the serum is necessary during the corticosteroid monotherapy.Trial Registration: The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900022518).Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - February 9, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Association between Cerebral Oxygenation, as Evaluated with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, and Cognitive Function in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Conclusions: MMSE score was independently associated with age (negative effect) and cerebral rSO2 (positive effect) in this cross-sectional study. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify whether maintaining cerebral oxygenation prevents the deterioration of cognitive function in patients undergoing HD.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - February 8, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Dual Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System: A Strategy that Should Be Reconsidered in Cardiorenal Diseases?
Studies on pharmacological mechanisms demonstrated that a strategy of dual renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade may have a synergistic effect in the treatment of cardiorenal diseases and may reduce adverse reactions. However, some previous clinical studies reported that dual RAS blockade did not significantly benefit many patients with cardiorenal diseases and increased the risk of hyperkalemia, hypotension and renal function damage. Therefore, the current clinical guidelines suggest that the combined use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) should be used with cau...
Source: Nephron - February 5, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Bilateral Nephrectomy in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Chronic Renal Failure
Conclusion: The results of open and laparoscopic BN in elective surgery were comparable. Emergency operations for infected renal cysts and SIRS were associated with increased incidence of large bowel injury and lethal outcomes.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - February 5, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Dose of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients: A Bona Fide Quality Indicator
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill patients, and renal replacement therapy (RRT) constitutes an important aspect of acute management during critical illness. Continuous RRT (CRRT) is frequently utilized in intensive care unit settings, particularly in patients with severe AKI, fluid overload, and hemodynamic instability. The main goal of CRRT is to timely optimize solute control, acid-base, and volume status. Total effluent dose of CRRT is a deliverable that depends on multiple factors and therefore should be systematically monitored (prescribed vs. delivered) and iteratively adjusted in a sustainable mo...
Source: Nephron - February 4, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Arterial Intimal Fibrosis in Reperfusion Biopsy Correlates with Graft Function after Kidney Transplant
Conclusion: Our study highlights the importance of arterial intimal fibrosis in predicting kidney function after transplant. Because arterial intimal fibrosis is a chronic change not related to ischemia-reperfusion injury, the differences between the 2 biopsies may be due to the biopsy technique. In order to increase the prognostic accuracy of the procurement biopsy, the technique should be improved to better evaluate the vasculature.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - January 28, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Preimplantation Histological Score Associates with 6-Month GFR in Recipients of Perfused, Older Kidney Grafts: Results from a Pilot Study
Conclusions: MP safely improves graft perfusion, particularly in kidneys with severe histologic changes that would not be considered for transplantation because of high KDPI. The preimplantation histologic score associates with the functional recovery of older kidneys even in the context of a standardized program of pulsatile perfusion.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - January 22, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Prelims
Nephron 2020;144(suppl 1):I –IV (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - January 18, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Acute Renal Failure Secondary to an Unusual Familial Metabolic Myopathy
We describe the case of a 35-year-old male with a history of intermittent myalgias who was admitted to hospital with acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis. Moderate to intense diffuse uptake of technetium-99m was seen in soft tissues at scintigraphy. The diagnosis of metabolic myopathy was confirmed after careful workup and genetic testing.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - January 8, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Serum Urate Lowering Therapy Using Allopurinol Improves Serum 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D in Stage 3-5 CKD Patients: A Pilot Study
Conclusion: This study supports a negative causal relationship between SUA and serum 25 (OH) vit D. Further studies are still needed to confirm this conclusion.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - December 30, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Decreased Circulating Transitional B-Cell to Memory B-Cell Ratio Is a Risk Factor for Relapse in Children with Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome
Conclusions: Decreased transitional B/memory B ratio is associated with SSNS recurrence in the reported cohort. Thus, it may prove to be a useful marker to predict SSNS relapse in children.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - December 22, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
