Dexmedetomidine Exerts Renal Protective Effect by Regulating the PGC-1 α/STAT1/IRF-1 Axis
Conclusions: DEX appears to inhibit mitochondrial damage and cellular inflammation by upregulating PGC-1 α to affect STAT1 phosphorylation level and IRF-1 expression, thereby preventing AKI.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - May 7, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Podocytic Infolding Glomerulopathy in a Patient with Phospholipase A2 Receptor-Positive Membranous Nephropathy and Review of the Literature
We report pathologic findings typical of PIG in a patient with phospholipase A2 receptor antibody-positive membranous nephropathy. She was treated with rituximab and responded well with decrease in proteinuria to the sub-nephrotic range.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - May 7, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
The Effects of M1/M2 Macrophages on the mRNA Expression Profile of Diabetic Glomerular Endothelial Cells
Conclusion: Coculturing M1/M2 macrophages and GECs treated with AGEs can affect the mRNA expression in GECs. M2 macrophages can inhibit the Braf, Fgfr2, Map3k1, Mras, and p-ERK expression in the MAPK signaling pathway, which may be related to M2 macrophages protecting GECs from damage by AGEs.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - May 6, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 1.1 Million Contrast Exposure Patients
Conclusion: This is the first meta-analysis to prove that DM is an independent risk factor of CA-AKI in patients. While the predictive value of DM for CA-AKI in patients with normal kidney function was weakened, more protective treatments are needed in diabetic patients with kidney dysfunction to avoid the occurrence of CA-AKI.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - May 5, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Increased Premature Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases in Dialysis Patients: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Conclusion: We demonstrated a higher prevalence and early-onset tendency of CSVD in dialysis patients, especially for CMBs and WMHs. Dialysis patients showed different patterns and associated factors for CSVD.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - April 29, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Early versus Late Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy: Have We Reached the Consensus? An Updated Meta-Analysis
Conclusion: There is no added benefit of early initiation of RRT in patient with AKI; this may lead to treatment-emergent adverse events. Delaying the initiation of RRT with close monitoring and initiating RRT for emergent indications should be the acceptable criterion in critical care nephrology.Prospero Registration: CRD42016043092.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - April 29, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Characterization of a Rat Model of Myeloperoxidase-Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
Conclusion: This model reflects histological lesions of human ANCA-associated rapidly progressive GN and may be useful for investigating new therapies.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - April 28, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Evolution of SARS-CoV-2: Review of Mutations, Role of the Host Immune System
Since the reporting of the first cases of coronavirus in China and the publication of the first sequence of SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019, the virus has undergone numerous mutations. In Europe, the spring outbreak (March –April) was followed by a drop in the number of cases and deaths. The disease may have evolved into a milder form. The increase in PCR-positive cases in late summer 2020 did not lead to the expected increase in hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths, based on the severity of the disease in t he spring. This difference in disease severity could be due to factors independent of the virus or to the evol...
Source: Nephron - April 28, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
COVID-19 Infection: Viral Clearance and Antibody Response in Dialysis Patients and Renal Transplant Recipients
Conclusion: In subjects with decompensated chronic kidney disease, under dialysis and in transplant recipients, viral clearance is lengthened compared to the general population. However, in spite of their common status of immunodepression, all of them were able to produce specific antibodies. These data might provide useful insights for monitoring and planning health-care activities in the weak category of patients with compromised renal function recovered from COVID-19.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - April 26, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes in Renal Transplant Recipients: An Update
Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a frequent and relevant complication after renal transplantation: it affects 20 –30% of renal transplant recipients and increases the risk for cardiovascular and infectious events. Thus, understanding pathogenesis of PTDM would help limiting its consequences. In this review, we analyse novel aspects of PTDM, based on studies of the last decade, such as the clinical evolution of PTDM, early and late, the reversibility rate, diagnostic criteria, risk factors, including pre-transplant metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance (IR) and the interaction between these factors and immu...
Source: Nephron - April 26, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
The Role of Renal Pathology in the Prognosis and Recovery of Community-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury
Conclusions: Clinical and pathological parameters both contribute to patient and renal outcomes after CA-AKI. The value of renal biopsy should be recognized in prognostic prediction.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - April 21, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
From Obesity to Chronic Kidney Disease: How Can Adipose Tissue Affect Renal Function?
Obesity is directly associated with an increased risk of developing CKD, regardless of other comorbid conditions. Although the molecular mechanisms that link both diseases are not well established, the role of adipose tissue (AT) is becoming increasingly important in obesity-associated kidney damage. In the context of obesity, lipotoxicity and the alteration of AT secretion profile promote inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in the kidney, which ultimately leads to impaired renal function. Different studies have highlighted the importance of body weight loss in the improvement of renal function markers. In this re...
Source: Nephron - April 21, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Can Changes in the Plasma Sodium Concentration Be Predicted Based on the Mass Balance of Sodium, Potassium, and Water in the Face of Osmotically Inactive Sodium Storage?
Context: Alterations in the plasma sodium concentration ([Na+]p) is predicted based on changes in the mass balance of Na+, K+, and H2O. However, it is well appreciated that Na+ retention results in both osmotically active and osmotically inactive Na+ storage and that only osmotically active Na+ contributes to the modulation of the [Na+]p.Subject of Review: Recent clinical studies suggested that prediction of changes in the [Na+]p based on the mass balance of Na+, K+, and H2O is inaccurate since the osmotically inactive Na+ storage pool is dynamically regulated. In contrast, animal studies demonstrated that changes in the [...
Source: Nephron - April 19, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children: A Chinese Cohort Study
Conclusions: Anti-complement-factor-H antibody positivity is the main cause of morbidity in Chinese children with aHUS. There may be a correlation between CFHR1 homozygous deletion and persistent proteinuria. Comprehensive assessment of anti-CFH antibodies and genetic variants is essential for the management of aHUS children.Nephron (Source: Nephron)
Source: Nephron - April 19, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
Long Noncoding RNAs and Their Therapeutic Promise in Diabetic Nephropathy
Recent advances in large-scale RNA sequencing and genome-wide profiling projects have unraveled a heterogeneous group of RNAs, collectively known as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which play central roles in many diverse biological processes. Importantly, an association between aberrant expression of lncRNAs and diverse human pathologies has been reported, including in a variety of kidney diseases. These observations have raised the possibility that lncRNAs may represent unexploited potential therapeutic targets for kidney diseases. Several important questions regarding the functionality of lncRNAs and their impact in kidn...
Source: Nephron - April 14, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
