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Predictors of Transition to Frailty in Middle-Aged and Older People With HIV: A Prospective Cohort Study
Background: People with HIV (PWH) have increased frailty risk at younger ages compared with the general population. Multimorbidity is associated with frailty, yet effects of specific comorbidities on transition to frailty in PWH are unknown. Setting: Prospective study of 219 PWH age 45 years or older in the National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium. Methods: Frailty status was categorized using Fried frailty phenotype criteria. Comorbidities [bone disease, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, liver disease, renal disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, obesity...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Predicting, Diagnosing, and Treating Acute and Early HIV Infection in a Public Sector Facility in Eswatini
This study was conducted in Nhlangano outpatient department from March 2019 to March 2020. Methods: Adults at risk of AEHI underwent diagnostic testing for AEHI with the quantitative Xpert HIV-1 viral load (VL) assay. AEHI was defined as the detection of HIV-1 VL on Xpert and either an HIV-seronegative or HIV-serodiscordant third-generation antibody-based rapid diagnostic test (RDT) result. First, the cross-sectional analysis obtained the yield of AEHI and established a predictor risk score for the prediction of AEHI using Lasso logistic regression. Second, diagnostic accuracy statistics described the ability of the...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Site-Randomized Controlled Trial of a Combined Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and a Medication Management Algorithm for Treatment of Depression Among Youth Living With HIV in the United States
Conclusions: A manualized, measurement-guided psychotherapy and medication management algorithm tailored for YLWH significantly reduced depressive symptoms compared with standard care at HIV clinics. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Prevalence of Advanced HIV Disease, Cryptococcal Antigenemia, and Suboptimal Clinical Outcomes Among Those Enrolled in Care in Vietnam
Background: People living with advanced HIV disease are at high risk of morbidity and mortality. We assessed the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia (CrAg) and clinical outcomes among patients newly presenting with CD4 ≤100 cells/μL in Vietnam. Setting: Twenty-two public HIV clinics in Vietnam. Methods: During August 2015–March 2017, antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve adults presenting for care with CD4 ≤100 cells/μL were screened for CrAg. Those who consented to study enrollment were followed up for up to 12 months and assessed for clinical outcomes. Results: Of 3504 patients with CD4 ...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Out-of-Facility Multimonth Dispensing of Antiretroviral Treatment: A Pooled Analysis Using Individual Patient Data From Cluster-Randomized Trials in Southern Africa
Conclusions: Three and 6-monthly out-of-facility MMD was non-inferior versus facility-based care for stable ART patients. Out-of-facility 6-monthly MMD should incorporate small group peer support whenever possible. ClinicalTrial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03238846 and NCT03438370. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research

Pilot-Testing a Blended Learning Package for Health Care Workers to Improve Index Testing Services in Southern Malawi: An Implementation Science Study
The objective of this study was to develop and pilot test a blended learning capacity-building package to improve index testing implementation in Malawi. Methods: In 2019, a blended learning package combining digital and face-to-face training modalities was field tested at 6 health facilities in Mulanje, Malawi using a pre-/post- type II hybrid design with implementation and effectiveness outcomes. Health care worker (HCW) fidelity to the intervention was assessed via observed encounters before and after the training. Preliminary effectiveness was examined by comparing index testing program indicators in the 2 month...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research

Brief Report: HCV Universal Test-and-Treat With Direct Acting Antivirals for Prisoners With or Without HIV: A Prison Health Care Workers–Led Model for HCV Microelimination in Thailand
Conclusions: HCV treatment using DAA among prisoners through universal test-and-treat approach led by prison health care workers is highly effective and safe, and such model can potentially help to facilitate the goals of HCV microelimination among prisoners in Thailand. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research

Sociodemographic Correlates of Self-reported Discrimination in HIV Health Care Settings Among Persons With Diagnosed HIV in the United States, Medical Monitoring Project, 2018–2019
Conclusions: Interventions that address the sociocultural and structural factors associated with discrimination in all health care settings are needed to improve health outcomes among PWH and end the HIV epidemic in the United States. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Use of HIV Care, Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, and Viral Suppression: An Observational Cohort Study From Uganda
Conclusion: We document substantial gaps in HIV care after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda. This suggests that measures to improve access should be explored as the pandemic persists. However, ART adherence was unaffected for the subcohort for whom we measured electronic adherence. This suggests that some clients may have stockpiles of ART tablets from previous prescriptions that allowed them to keep taking their medication even when they could not visit the clinic for ART refills. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Machine Learning Algorithms Using Routinely Collected Data Do Not Adequately Predict Viremia to Inform Targeted Services in Postpartum Women Living With HIV
Conclusions: Using routinely collected data to predict viremia in>1300 postpartum women with HIV, we achieved moderate model discrimination, but insufficient to inform targeted adherence support. Psychosocial characteristics or objective adherence metrics may be required for improved prediction of viremia in this population. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Prevalence of COVID-19–Related Social Disruptions and Effects on Psychosocial Health in a Mixed-Serostatus Cohort of Men and Women
This study describes prevention behavior and psychosocial health among people living with HIV (PLHIV) and HIV-negative people during the early wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States. We assessed differences by HIV status and associations between social disruption and psychosocial health. Design: A cross-sectional telephone/videoconference administered survey of 3411 PLHIV and HIV-negative participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS). Methods: An instrument combining new and validated measures was developed to assess COVID-19 preven...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among PLWH in South India: Implications for Vaccination Campaigns
Discussion: These results highlight several challenges for vaccination efforts. Campaigns may benefit from using trusted sources, including antiretroviral therapy center staff, providing clear information about safety and efficacy and emphasizing the role of vaccines in preventing severe disease, hospitalizations and death, and the reduction of forward transmission to unvaccinated household members. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research

HIV Infection Is Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
No abstract available (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 4, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Pills, Injections, Rings, or Implants? PrEP Formulation Preferences of PrEP-Experienced African Women for HIV Prevention
No abstract available (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 4, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Updated Estimates of the Number of Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) With Indications for HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis
No abstract available (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 4, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research