JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Optimizing Dolutegravir Initiation in Neonates Using Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation
Conclusions:
Newborn DTG dosing requirements during the first few days of life depend on maternal DTG dosing history before delivery. These results may help the design of future clinical studies of DTG in the neonatal population. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research
Interferon Gamma Release Assay and Tuberculin Skin Test Performance in Pregnant Women Living With and Without HIV
Background:
HIV and pregnancy may affect latent TB infection (LTBI) diagnostics. Tuberculin skin test (TST) and newer generation QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) evaluations in pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) and without HIV are lacking.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, pregnant women underwent TST and QFT-Plus testing during antenatal care in Kenya. We estimated LTBI prevalence and TST and QFT-Plus performances. Diagnostic agreement was assessed with kappa statistic, participant characteristics associated with LTBI and HIV were assessed with generalized linear models, and QFT-Plus quantitative ...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research
Genital Mucosal Drug Concentrations and anti-HIV Activity in Tenofovir-Based PrEP Products: Intravaginal Ring vs. Oral Administration
Objective:
To describe and compare systemic and local pharmacokinetics (PK) and cervicovaginal (CV) pharmacodynamics (PD) of oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in combination with emtricitabine (FTC) with tenofovir (TFV) intravaginal ring (IVR).
Design:
Phase I, randomized, parallel-group study. Women (n = 22) used TDF/FTC oral tablets daily or TFV IVR continuously and were assessed at baseline and 14 days.
Methods:
TFV and FTC concentrations were measured in plasma, CV fluid (CVF), and CV tissue. TFV-diphosphate and FTC-triphosphate were assessed in CV tissue. In vitro PD antiviral activities of TF...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research
Probiotics to HIV-Infected Immunological Nonresponders: Altered Mucosal Immunity and Microbial Diversity Restricted to Ileum
Background:
HIV-infected immunological nonresponders (INRs) have increased risk of non-AIDS morbidity and compromised gut barrier immunity. Probiotics are widely used to improve health. We assessed the effects of probiotics in INRs with a comprehensive analysis of gut immunity and microbiome in terminal ileum and sigmoid colon.
Methods:
The study involved clinical intervention with five-strain probiotic capsules (1.2 × 1010 CFUs/d) for 8 weeks in 20 INRs with CD4+ T-cell counts (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research
Most Early-Treated Children With Perinatally Acquired HIV Have Preserved Lung Function at School Age
Background:
Impaired lung function is common among older children with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) late in childhood. We determined the prevalence of abnormal spirometry and cofactors for impaired lung function among school-age children with PHIV who initiated ART when aged 12 months or younger.
Setting:
Children who received early ART in the Optimizing Pediatric HIV-1 Therapy study in Kenya and underwent spirometry at school age.
Methods:
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured. Abnormal spirometry was define...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research
Brief Report: HIV Is Associated With Impaired Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Independent of Emphysema
Background:
HIV is associated with accelerated decline in lung function and increased risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, there has been growing attention toward the impairment in the diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO), a marker of pulmonary gas exchange, observed among persons living with HIV. Although increased emphysema can contribute to the DLCO impairment observed, other factors may drive this association.
Methods:
Using cross-sectional data from the Study of HIV in the Etiology of Lung Disease, we studied the association between HIV and DLCO independent ...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research
Socioeconomic Status and Cognitive Function in Children With HIV: Evidence From the HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Zambia (HANDZ) Study
Background:
Multiple previous studies have identified a detrimental effect of pediatric HIV on cognitive function. Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the strongest predictors of cognitive performance and may affect the relationship between HIV and cognition.
Methods:
As part of the ongoing HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Zambia (HANDZ) study, a prospective cohort study, we recruited 208 participants with HIV and 208 HIV-exposed uninfected controls, all aged 8–17 years. A standardized questionnaire was administered to assess SES, and all participants had comprehensive neuropsychological testing. An...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research
Forecasting HIV-1 Genetic Cluster Growth in Illinois,United States
Conclusion:
Growth-based prioritization schemes can easily be automated in HIV surveillance tools and can be used by health departments to identify and respond to clusters where HIV transmission may be actively occurring. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research
Seroadaptive Strategy Patterns of Young Black Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in Atlanta, Georgia
Conclusions:
YBMSM use various patterns of strategies to reduce their HIV transmission or acquisition risk. Our study highlights the need for targeted HIV prevention recommendations based on individual behaviors. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research
Improving Quality of PrEP Counseling for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Kenya With Standardized Patient Actors: A Dose–Response Analysis
Background:
Health care worker (HCW) training using standardized patient actors (SPs) is an evidence-based approach for improving patient–provider interactions. We evaluated whether SP training among HCWs in Western Kenya improved the quality of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) counseling for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW).
Methods:
We conducted a 2-day SP training intervention among HCWs providing PrEP counseling for AGYW. Six trained SPs role played one encounter each with HCWs following scripts depicting common PrEP-seeking scenarios. SPs used checklists to report and discuss domains of adherence to...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research
Characterization of the Population Affected by the 6-Month Recertification Criterion of the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program's AIDS Drug Assistance Program in Washington State, 2017–2019
Conclusions:
Disenrollment after failure to recertify was the most common reason why PLWH lost ADAP coverage in Washington State. ADAP recertification procedures disproportionately affect Black, young, and uninsured PLWH and may contribute to disparities in HIV outcomes. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Stigma Determines Antiretroviral Adherence in Adults With HIV in Myanmar
Introduction:
Understanding social and structural barriers that determine antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence can improve care. Assessment of such factors is limited in Myanmar, a country with high HIV prevalence and increasing number of people living with HIV initiating ART.
Methods:
Questionnaires were administered to adults with HIV across 4 Myanmar cities to estimate adherence and its potential determinants, including HIV knowledge, social support, barriers to care, enacted and internalized stigma, and engagement in peer-to-peer HIV counseling (PC). Associations were determined using logistic mixed-effect...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research
Association of the VACS Index With Hospitalization Among People With HIV in the NA-ACCORD
Background:
People with HIV (PWH) have a higher hospitalization rate than the general population. The Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index at study entry well predicts hospitalization in PWH, but it is unknown if the time-updated parameter improves hospitalization prediction. We assessed the association of parameterizations of the VACS Index 2.0 with the 5-year risk of hospitalization.
Setting:
PWH ≥30 years old with at least 12 months of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and contributing hospitalization data from 2000 to 2016 in North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) we...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among People Living With HIV Compared With People Without HIV: Survey Results From the MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort Study
Conclusions:
Despite similar SARS-CoV-2 testing and physical distancing profiles by HIV serostatus among MWCCS participants, PLWH who reported SARS-CoV-2 testing were more likely to have a positive test result. Additional studies are needed to determine whether and why PLWH are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - December 16, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research
Switch to INSTIs, but Not Long-Term Stable INSTIs, Is Associated With Excess Weight Gain in People Living With HIV
No abstract available (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
