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A Community Call to Action to Prioritize Inclusion and Enrollment of Women in HIV Cure-related Research
No abstract available (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Efficacy and Safety of a Simplified Lamivudine Plus Dolutegravir Dual Therapy in HIV-1–Infected Patients: A Multicenter Cohort Study in China: Erratum
No abstract available (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Erratum Source Type: research

CD4:CD8 Ratio and CD8 Cell Count and Their Prognostic Relevance for Coronary Heart Disease Events and Stroke in Antiretroviral Treated Individuals: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Conclusions: This analysis of treated HIV-positive individuals within a large cohort with long-term follow-up does not provide evidence for a prognostic role of immune dysregulation regarding CHD. However, increased CD8 cell count may be a moderate risk factor for stroke. Early detection and treatment of HIV-positive individuals are crucial for an optimal immune restoration and a limited CD8 cells expansion. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Laboratory Evaluation of the VISITECT Advanced Disease Semiquantitative Point-of-Care CD4 Test
Background: Advanced HIV disease (AHD; CD4 counts (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Brief Report: HIV Infection Does Not Explain Higher Nicotine Metabolism in People Living With HIV
Conclusions: Acquiring HIV had no measurable effect on NMR. We postulate that upregulation of the NMR may be due to direct pharmacologic effects of HIV medications or metabolic changes in response to HIV infection. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Weight Gain Among Treatment-Naïve Persons With HIV Receiving Dolutegravir in Kenya
Conclusions: Our study in a lower-income sub-Saharan African population confirms higher weight gain with DTG-based regimens compared with traditional ART for treatment-naïve patients. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Brief Report: Intracellular Cystatin B Levels Are Altered in HIV-Infected Participants With Respect to Neurocognitive Status and Antiretroviral Therapy
Abstract: With advances in HIV treatment, people with HIV (PWH) are living longer but experience aging-related comorbidities, including cognitive deficits, at higher rates than the general population. Previous studies have shown alterations in lysosomal proteins in blood from PWH with severe dementia. However, these markers have not been evaluated in PWH with milder neurocognitive impairment. We sought to determine whether levels of the lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin B (CatB) and its endogenous inhibitor cystatin B (CysB) were altered in PWH with neurocognitive impairment and whether antiretroviral therapy (ART)...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of a Cohort of HIV-Infected Mother–Infant Pairs During 21 Years
Background: HIV infection continues to be a worldwide public health problem. After the introduction of effective preventive measures, perinatal transmission dramatically decreased. Our aim was to assess the sociodemographic changes in pregnant women living with HIV infection and trends in perinatal transmission rates over time. Setting: The Madrid cohort of HIV-infected mother–infant pairs is a multicenter, prospective, observational, and cohort study that collects information on HIV-infected pregnant women and their children. Methods: Information on clinical–epidemiological characteristics of HIV-inf...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Statins Utilization in Adults With HIV: The Treatment Gap and Predictors of Statin Initiation
Conclusions: There is a substantial statin treatment gap, amplified by the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines. Measures are warranted to clarify reasons we observe this gap, and if necessary, increase statin use consistent with guidelines including efforts to help providers identify appropriate candidates. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Unhealthy Alcohol Use Is Associated With Suboptimal Adherence to Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Persons With HIV in Southwestern Uganda
Background: Unhealthy alcohol use is associated with increased progression to tuberculosis (TB) disease, but its effect on adherence to isoniazid (INH) preventive therapy is not known. Methods: This was a prospective study of persons with HIV with latent TB in southwestern Uganda reporting any current (previous 3 months) alcohol use or no alcohol consumption in the previous year (2:1 ratio). All received INH. We defined suboptimal adherence as (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Randomized Trial of Individualized Texting for Adherence Building (iTAB) Plus Motivational Interviewing for PrEP Adherence in Transgender Individuals: The iM-PrEPT Study
Background: Transgender and nonbinary individuals at risk for HIV may benefit from adherence support for pre-exposure prophylaxis. Methods: Between June 2017 and September 2020, 255 transgender and nonbinary individuals received daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine for 48 weeks randomized 1:1 to receive individualized Texting for Adherence Building (iTAB) or iTAB plus motivational interviewing (iTAB + MI) through phone for nonadherence. The primary end point was dried blood spot tenofovir diphosphate concentrations at weeks 12 and 48 (or last on-drug study visit) ≥1246 fmol/punch consistent w...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

Brief Report: Use of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis to Prevent Rapid HIV Transmission Among People Who Inject Drugs in Rural Counties in the United States: A Modeling Study
Conclusion: Our modeling suggests that PrEP provides substantial benefit to PWID in rural US communities, with fewer restrictions on access providing the greatest effect. Control of HIV outbreaks will require expansion of public health interventions that meet the needs of all individuals. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

The Prevalence, Incidence, and Risk Factors for HIV Among Female Sex Workers—A Cohort Being Prepared for a Phase IIb HIV Vaccine Trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Conclusion: The high HIV incidence rate and retention rate among FSWs enrolled into the cohort demonstrate that this population is suitable for participation in HIV prevention trials. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Life Expectancy Among People With HIV in New York City, 2009–2018
Conclusions: Life expectancy among people with HIV improved greatly in NYC in 2009–2018, but the improvement was not equal across sex and racial/ethnic groups. The gap in life expectancy between people with HIV and the general population narrowed but remained. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

High Unreported Mortality in Children and Youth (
Background: Antiretroviral therapy program mortality maybe underestimated if deceased patients are misclassified as lost. Methods: We used two-stage inverse probability weighting to account for probability of being: sampled for tracing and found by the tracer. Results: Among 680 children and youth aged (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research