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Risk Factors for Hospitalization in People With HIV and COVID-19
No abstract available (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Brief Report: Polymorphisms in TNF-α/TNFR1 Pathway Genes Are Associated With CD4+ T-Cell Recovery in HIV-1–Infected Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important hallmark of HIV-1 treatment, enabling viral load suppression to undetectable levels and CD4+ T-cell recovery. However, some individuals do not recover the CD4+ T-cell count to normal levels, despite viral suppression. We hypothesize that variation in genes involved in extrinsic apoptosis pathways may influence interindividual immune recovery during ART. Methods: We assessed clinical-epidemiological variables and the allelic/genotypic distribution of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in extrinsic apoptosis pathways (TNFRSF1A: rs18...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Translation Research Source Type: research

Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Once-Daily Multiple-Dose Administration of Islatravir in Adults Without HIV
Conclusions: ISL-TP levels in PBMCs were above the threshold projected for antiviral efficacy against wild-type HIV after a single 0.25-mg dose. Multiple once-daily dosing of islatravir in adults without HIV was generally well tolerated up to doses of 5 mg administered for up to 6 weeks. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Brief Report: Increased Inflammation and Liver Disease in HIV/HBV-Coinfected Individuals
Conclusions: Differences in levels of inflammation exist between individuals with HIV/HBV coinfection compared with monoinfected and uninfected controls. A distinct signature of inflammation was associated with HIV/HBV coinfection that could reflect the mechanism of liver fibrosis and increased risk for disease progression. Finally, there may be an underappreciated amount of undiagnosed advanced liver disease in sub-Saharan Africa. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Brief Report: Frailty in Aging People Living With HIV: A Matched Controlled Study
Conclusions: Prevalence of frailty is increased in aging PLHIV with well-controlled HIV disease, but other factors than HIV are predominant, particularly depression and comorbidities. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Brief Report: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Virological Suppression in People Living With HIV Attending a Large Italian HIV Clinic
Background: We assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on HIV suppression rates in people living with HIV (PLWH) attending a large Italian HIV clinic. Setting: The HIV outpatient clinic of the Infectious Diseases Department of Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy, which serves more than 5000 PLWH per year. Methods: A before and after quasi-experimental study design was used to make a retrospective assessment of the monthly trend of HIV-RNA determinations of ≥50 among the PLWH attending our clinic, with “before” being the period from January 1, 2016 to February 20, 2020,...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Developing and Validating an Effective Pediatric and Adolescent HIV Testing Eligibility Screening Tool for High-Volume Entry Points in Uganda
Conclusions: This HIV screening tool has high sensitivity and reasonable specificity, increasing testing efficiency and yield for children and adolescents. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research

Trends in the Number and Characteristics of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Providers in the United States, 2014–2019
Conclusions: An increasing number of providers prescribed PrEP during 2014–2019. The South had the largest number of new HIV diagnoses and greatest need for HIV prevention but had less PrEP service capacity compared with other regions. Expanded access to PrEP services is needed in the United States. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

Brief Report: HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Prescribing in an Urban Safety-Net Health System
Conclusions: Our results suggest extremely low frequency of PrEP prescribing among people with indications for PrEP in an urban safety-net health system. Strategies are needed to improve PrEP implementation in high-priority populations and safety-net settings. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

Progress Toward the 90-90-90 HIV Targets in Zimbabwe and Identifying Those Left Behind
We present findings from the nationally representative Zimbabwe Population–based HIV Impact Assessment that characterize Zimbabwe's progress toward the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 targets. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional household survey. Methods: Consenting adults and children in the household were eligible to participate in Zimbabwe Population–based HIV Impact Assessment (October 2015–August 2016). Participants completed face-to-face interviews and provided blood for HIV, CD4, viral load, and syphilis testing. Viral load suppression (VLS) was defined as HIV RNA (Source: ...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

COVID-19–Related Stressors, Sex Behaviors, and HIV Status Neutral Care Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women in Chicago, USA
Conclusions: Multiple COVID-19 stressors were found to interfere with PrEP and ART use and access among BMSM and BTW. Contextually relevant strategies (eg, promoting telehealth and decreasing transportation burden) to address COVID-19 stressors and their sequelae should be considered to minimize disruption in HIV biomedical interventions. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Changing Patterns of Lymphoma in the Antiretroviral Therapy Era in Johannesburg, South Africa
Conclusion: Public health initiatives to initiate ART as early as possible and to retain patients in ART programs may assist in decreasing the number of HIV-associated lymphomas in our setting. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Prevalence of Untreated HIV and Associated Risk Behaviors Among the Sexual Partners of Recent Migrants and Long-term Residents in Rakai, Uganda
Conclusion: There is a higher frequency of risky sexual behaviors among the partnerships of in-migrants compared with those of long-term residents. Among cohabitating couples, in-migrants are more likely to partner with untreated HIV-positive individuals. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Brief Report: HIV Diagnoses Among Persons Who Inject Drugs by the Urban-Rural Classification—United States, 2010–2018
Conclusions: Vigilance is needed for increases in HIV among PWID in counties across the urban–rural continuum, particularly those with indicators of increased drug use. Prompt detection, investigation, and response are critical for stemming transmission. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Five Years With Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine as a Switch Strategy: Much More Than a Positive Finding
Background: Results from clinical trials and observational studies suggest that dolutegravir plus lamivudine could be an effective and well-tolerated option for simplification in HIV-1–positive patients. We aimed to assess long-time efficacy and safety in our multicenter cohort. Methods: This was a retrospective study enrolling HIV-1–infected, virologically suppressed patients switching to dolutegravir + lamivudine. We performed survival analysis to evaluate time to virological failure (VF, defined by a single HIV-RNA ≥1000 copies/mL or by 2 consecutive HIV-RNA ≥ 50 copies/mL) and treatment discontinuati...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - October 21, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research