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Factors Associated With Severity of COVID-19 Disease in a Multicenter Cohort of People With HIV in the United States, March–December 2020
Background: Understanding the spectrum of COVID-19 in people with HIV (PWH) is critical to provide clinical guidance and risk reduction strategies. Setting: Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinic System, a US multisite clinical cohort of PWH in care. Methods: We identified COVID-19 cases and severity (hospitalization, intensive care, and death) in a large, diverse HIV cohort during March 1, 2020–December 31, 2020. We determined predictors and relative risks of hospitalization among PWH with COVID-19, adjusted for disease risk scores. Results: Of 16,056 PWH in care, 649 were diagno...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - July 6, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research

Early Efficacy and Safety of the Third Dose Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine Among People Living With HIV
No abstract available (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Bone Mineral Density in HIV/AIDS Patients: A Chinese Cross-Sectional Study
Introduction: Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of low bone mineral density (BMD) among HIV/AIDS patients in China. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of HIV-infected patients from October 2017 to August 2020. Demographic information, clinical data, and serum parameters were obtained. Univariable and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: A total of 1143 patients were included. In the ART-naive group, low BMD was diagnosed in 19.2% (117/608), including osteoporosis in 1.0% (6/608) and osteopenia in 18.3% (111/608). In the ART group, low BM...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Polypharmacy Is Associated With Falls in Women With and Without HIV
Background: Aging in people with HIV is associated with increased risk of developing synergistic conditions such as neurocognitive impairment, polypharmacy, and falls. We assessed associations between polypharmacy (use of 5 or more non-ART medications), use of neurocognitive adverse effects (NCAE) medications, and odds of falls in women with HIV (WWH) and without HIV (HIV−). Methods: Self-reported falls and medication use data were contributed semiannually by 1872 (1315 WWH and 557 HIV-) Women's Interagency HIV Study participants between 2014 and 2016. Polypharmacy and NCAE medication use were evaluated separa...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir Alafenamide With Boosted Protease Inhibitors in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Living With HIV: Results From IMPAACT P1026s
In this study, we report pharmacokinetic, safety, and birth outcomes for TAF 25 mg with a boosted protease inhibitor in pregnant women living with HIV. Methods: IMPAACT P1026s was a multicenter, nonrandomized, open-label, phase IV prospective study. Pregnant women living with HIV receiving TAF 25 mg with a boosted protease inhibitor were eligible. Intensive pharmacokinetic assessments were performed during the second and third trimesters and 6–12 weeks postpartum. Maternal and cord blood samples were collected at delivery. Infant washout samples were collected through 5–9 days postbirth. Comparisons of paired ph...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Multiple High-Risk HPV Types Contribute to Cervical Dysplasia in Ugandan Women Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy
Background: Cervical cancer mortality remains high in sub-Saharan Africa, especially among women living with HIV (WLWH). Characterization of prevalent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types and immune function in WLWH with cervical abnormalities despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) can inform prevention strategies. Setting: Kampala, Uganda. Methods: From 2017 to 2020, we enrolled Ugandan women with cervical dysplasia detected with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). WLWH were required to be on ART>3 months with plasma HIV RNA (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Bedaquiline Adherence Measured by Electronic Dose Monitoring Predicts Clinical Outcomes in the Treatment of Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS
Background: Novel regimens have revolutionized multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment; however, medication adherence remains challenging and poorly characterized. We hypothesized that bedaquiline adherence, measured using electronic dose monitoring, would predict MDR-TB treatment outcomes. Setting: This is a prospective cohort study conducted in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods: Adults with MDR-TB and HIV initiating bedaquiline and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) were eligible. Separate electronic dose monitoring devices measured bedaquiline and ART adherence through 6 months, calculated ...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Reasons for PrEP Discontinuation After Navigation at Sexual Health Clinics: Interactions Among Systemic Barriers, Behavioral Relevance, and Medication Concerns
Conclusions: PrEP continuation is dependent on interacting factors and often presents complex hurdles for patients to navigate. To promote sustained engagement in PrEP care, financial, clinic, and pharmacy barriers must be addressed and counseling and navigation should acknowledge factors beyond sexual risk that influence PrEP use. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research

Transfer of Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy Attending Primary Health Care Services in South Africa
Conclusions: Approximately one-third of participants transferred and virologic outcomes were poor post-transfer. Stable patients who transfer may require additional support to maintain adherence. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research

Achieving Antiretroviral Therapy Uptake and Viral Suppression Among Children and Adolescents Living With HIV in the UNAIDS 90-90-90 Era Across Six Countries in Eastern and Southern Africa—Lessons From the BIPAI Network
We describe achievements toward antiretroviral therapy (ART) uptake and viral load (VL) suppression, existing gaps, and potential best practices among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) across 6 Eastern and Southern African countries. Setting: Baylor College of Medicine International Paediatric AIDS Initiative Network sites in Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda. Methods: We performed retrospective data analysis among CALHIV ages 0–19 years between 2014 and 2019. Results: A total of 25,370 CALHIV received care, 85.8% (21,773/25,370) received ART, 84.4% (18,376/21,...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research

High Rates of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Eligibility and Associated HIV Incidence in a Population With a Generalized HIV Epidemic in Rakai, Uganda
Background: The utility of using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) eligibility assessments to identify eligibility in general populations has not been well studied in sub-Saharan Africa. We used the Rakai Community Cohort Study to conduct a cross-sectional analysis to estimate PrEP eligibility and a cohort analysis to estimate HIV incidence associated with PrEP eligibility. Methods: Based on Uganda's national PrEP eligibility tool, we defined eligibility as reporting at least one of the following HIV risks in the past 12 months: sexual intercourse with more than one partner of unknown HIV status; nonmarital sex ac...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Implementation Science Source Type: research

IPV, PrEP, and Medical Mistrust
Conclusions: PrEP initiation among women experiencing IPV may be strengthened by addressing and dismantling systems that perpetuate IPV-specific medical mistrust and stigma against IPV survivors. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

A Pilot Study of a Patient Navigation Intervention to Improve HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Persistence Among Black/African American Men Who Have Sex With Men
Conclusion: A brief patient navigation intervention demonstrated proof-of-concept in improving PrEP initiation and persistence among Black/African American MSM in the Southern United States. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

Role of Schooling and Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Reducing HIV and Pregnancy Among Adolescents in South Africa
This study estimates the association between exposure to CSE and key biomedical and behavioural indicators among adolescent girls in South Africa. Setting: Four DREAMS implementation districts in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal provinces in South Africa. Methods: Data from a household-based representative sample of adolescent girls (between the ages 12–18 years) (n = 9673) was collected. Independent variables included school attendance and exposure to CSE, with outcome variables measuring prevalence of HIV, pregnancy, and sexual risky behaviour, including condom use, incidence of age-disparate relationships, and ...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

Brief Report: Adolescent Girls Who Sell Sex in Zimbabwe: HIV Risk, Behaviours, and Service Engagement
Conclusion: The steep rise in HIV prevalence among those aged between 16 and 19 years suggests the window to engage with AGSS before HIV acquisition is short. To accelerate reductions in incidence among AGSS, intensified combination prevention strategies that address structural factors and tailor services to the needs of AGSS are required, particularly ensuring girls enroll and remain in school. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research