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Diagnosing Common Deadly Infections in the Era of COVID-19: A Case Report
We report a patient diagnosed with postpartum disseminated tuberculosis with hematogenous spread to the fetus. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Cryptococcus neoformans Infective Endocarditis After Lung Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
In this report, we present a case of infective endocarditis secondary to C. neoformans in a lung transplant recipient and review the relevant literature. A 65-year-old man was hospitalized with hypoxemic respiratory failure and underwent left-sided single lung transplantation. In the setting of worsening hypoxemia, blood cultures were drawn, which grew C. neoformans. Lumbar puncture was performed, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also positive for Cryptococcus. Further exposure history revealed that he had raised chickens while living in Peru. Transesophageal echocardiography showed an aort...
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Catheter-Associated Blood Stream Infection Caused by Acinetobacter oleivorans: A Case Report
A man in his late 70s developed a catheter-associated bloodstream infection caused by Acinetobacter oleivorans after endoscopic resection of colon adenomas. Bacteremia persisted despite of treatment with a series of effective antibacterial agents. After removal of the central venous catheter, his symptoms promptly resolved and blood culture turned negative. This is the case of A. oleivorans as a human pathogen firstly characterized by whole-genome sequencing. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Next-Generation Sequencing Quickly Identifies Mycobacterium smegmatis in Spine Implant Infection: A Case Report
We present the case of a 62-year-old woman who underwent revision surgery because of screw displacement after C1 to C3 laminectomy and occiput to C5 posterior fusion. Culture of tissue obtained intraoperatively grew nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in 5 days; however, a specific species was not identified using culture until 5 weeks after sample collection. In contrast, next-generation sequencing analysis performed on samples obtained during a subsequent irrigation and debridement confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium smegmatis within 1 week. Although traditional culture identified a rapidly growing NTM in this case of ...
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Delayed Onset of COVID-19 in an Immunosuppressed Patient
We report on a case of delayed presentation of COVID-19 in a postpartum immunosuppressed patient with the confounding variable of cytomegalovirus viremia. This case highlights the importance of maintaining high suspicion for COVID-19 disease even with delayed onset of symptoms, as this diagnosis as important treatment and public health implications. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Capnocytophaga canimorsus Meningitis and Bacteremia Associated With Nivolumab Therapy
We present a patient with metastatic lung cancer receiving nivolumab who developed C. canimorsus meningitis with concurrent bacteremia. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment were associated with a favorable outcome. To our knowledge, this is the first case of invasive C. canimorsus infection in the setting of nivolumab therapy. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Scrub Typhus With Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Scrub typhus is a rickettsial disease transmitted to humans by arthropods, via the bite of larval mites (chiggers). A young man, aged 18 years admitted with the fever of 5 days and altered sensorium for 1 day. The patient was evaluated for tropical illness with encephalopathy and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Patient serology was positive for scrub typhus and fulfill requisite criteria (hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis [HLH]-2004) for secondary HLH. He was managed as scrub typhus with secondary HLH and was given dexamethasone 4 mg three times a day. Patient condition improved and discharged with normal vital. (Source:...
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

An Unusual Presentation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Calf Abscess in an Otherwise Healthy Man
We present a case of an immunocompetent 46-year-old man who developed a right calf abscess that grew Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This was suspected to have developed from a disseminated gonococcal infection that subsequently seeded a preexisting right calf hematoma. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Odontogenic Brain Abscess With Campylobacter gracilis and Fusobacterium nucleatum Complicated by Rupture Into the Ventricle
We report a case of an odontogenic brain abscess with Campylobacter gracilis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, occurring 7 weeks after wisdom tooth removal. Whereas F. nucleatum is a well-documented pathogen in brain abscesses, C. gracilis is rarely implicated as a human pathogen. Most reports link C. gracilis to isolated oral or intra-abdominal infections. We report a unique case of C. gracilis brain abscess directly linked to odontogenic infection. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Corynebacterium Minutissimum: Isolation and Infections in Cancer Patients
We report 3 cases of C. minutissimum infection in immunocompromised patients at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute and review the literature. In such rare diseases, proper infection control guidelines, prompt prophylaxis, and treatment with antibiotics will maximize benefits in these patients. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

An Unusual Malady of the Bladder: Malakoplakia After Lung Transplantation
Malakoplakia is a rare disease most commonly found in the immunocompromised host and is diagnosed via tissue sampling. Delayed diagnosis is often the result of its nonspecific presentation. The patient described presented with dysuria, urinary urgency, and frequency in the setting of recurrent urinary tract infections despite antimicrobial therapy. After further evaluation including direct visualization with cystoscopy and tissue sampling, the patient was diagnosed with Malakoplakia of the bladder. With reduction in immunosuppression and prolonged antimicrobial therapy, the patient improved. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Presenting as Mycobacterium avium Complex Cervical Lymphadenitis and Mycobacterium kansasii Pulmonary Disease in an HIV-Infected Patient: Case Report
Immune reconstitution syndrome (IRIS) is a known complication from antiretroviral therapy that can occur in response to a pathogen, host, and/or treatment factors. Its presentation is heterogeneous and can pose a significant treatment challenge. Opportunistic infections presenting as IRIS can occur under settings, such as immunosuppression secondary to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, untreated HIV starting antiretroviral therapy, hematopoietic stem cell, and solid organ transplant once immunosuppression is removed (HIV AIDS (Auckl). 2015;7:49–64). (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Possible Neurological Toxicity of Ceftazidime/Avibactam in Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Report
This report provides further evidence and reminds practitioners of the importance of closely monitoring the renal function when prescribing ceftazidime/avibactam. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Capnocytophaga canimorsus Meningitis Complicating a Remote Dog Bite: A Case Report
This article reports a case of C. canimorsus meningitis in an adult previously immunocompetent woman but with concurrent influenza A infection. The diagnosis was made from a blood and cerebrospinal fluid culture using DNA sequencing, and the patient recovered well after a 21-day course of ceftriaxone. Based on our case report and other available literature on the subject, implications of exposure history, empirical bacterial meningitis treatment, and dog bite prevention are discussed. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice)
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in an Adult With COVID-19—A Trial of Anakinra: A Case Report
COVID-19 disease has been a pandemic caused by a β-coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A life-threatening multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), secondary to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, sharing common features with Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, staphylococcal/streptococcal shock syndrome, and macrophage activation syndrome in pediatric patients has been described. A total of 27 cases in adults (MIS-A) with a similar presentation have been reported so far. Here we describe the case of a 21-year-old man admitted with abdominal pain, diarrhea, tachycardia, and low blood pressure. He...
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - November 1, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research