Selective targeting of lectins and their macropinocytosis in urothelial tumours: translation from in vitro to ex vivo
AbstractUrinary bladder cancer can be treated by intravesical application of therapeutic agents, but the specific targeting of cancer urothelial cells and the endocytotic pathways of the agents are not known. During carcinogenesis, the superficial urothelial cells exhibit changes in sugar residues on the apical plasma membranes. This can be exploited for selective targeting from the luminal side of the bladder. Here we show that the plant lectins Jacalin (fromArtocarpus integrifolia), ACA (fromAmaranthus caudatus) and DSA (fromDatura stramonium) selectively bind to the apical plasma membrane of low- (RT4) and high-grade (T...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 3, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Providing open imaging data at scale: An EMBL-EBI perspective
AbstractBiological imaging is one of the primary tools by which we understand living systems across scales from atoms to organisms. Rapid advances in imaging technology have increased both the spatial and temporal resolutions at which we examine those systems, as well as enabling visualisation of larger tissue volumes. These advances have huge potential but also generate ever increasing amounts of imaging data that must be stored and analysed. Public image repositories provide a critical scientific service through open data provision, supporting reproducibility of scientific results, access to reference imaging datasets an...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 3, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Demethylation in promoter region of severely damaged hepatocytes enhances chemokine receptor CXCR4 gene expression
This study highlights the importance of epigenetic modifications in regulating CXCR4 expression in liver injury and fibrosis. (Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology)
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - August 2, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Feasibility and safety of synchrotron-based X-ray phase contrast imaging as a technique complementary to histopathology analysis
AbstractX-ray phase contrast imaging (X-PCI) is a powerful technique for high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging of soft tissue samples in a non-destructive manner. In this technical report, we assess the quality of standard histopathological techniques performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human tissue samples that have been irradiated with different doses of X-rays in the context of an X-PCI experiment. The data from this study demonstrate that routine histochemical and immunohistochemical staining quality as well as DNA and RNA analyses are not affected by previous X-PCI on human FFPE samples. From ...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 31, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Zinc-nanoparticles alleviate the ovarian damage induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in pregnant rats and their fetuses
AbstractLipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin derived from the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS exposure during early gestation is associated with adverse effects on the placenta as well as on developmental outcomes, including embryonic resorption, fetal death, congenital teratogenesis, and fetal growth retardation. This work aimed to explore the adverse effects of LPS injected at an early stage of gestation on the gonads of pregnant rats and the ovaries of their pups and the role of zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) against these adverse effects. Twenty-four pregnant rats were used in this study. They were divided at...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 26, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Unique asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in Toxoplasma gondii revealed by nanoscale analysis
In this study, we developed an electron microscopy method that enabled us to determine the distributions of PtdSer and PtdEtn in individual leaflets of cellular membranes by using quick-freeze freeze-fracture replica labeling. Our findings show that PtdSer and PtdEtn are asymmetrically distributed, with substantial amounts localized at the luminal leaflet of the inner membrane complex (IMC), which comprises flattened vesicles located just underneath the plasma membrane (see Figs.2B and7). We also found that PtdSer was absent in the cytoplasmic leaflet of the inner IMC membrane, but was present in considerable amounts in th...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 21, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
In focus in HCB
(Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology)
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 21, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) increases the number of telocytes in ex vivo and in vitro assays
In this study, ex vivo and in vitro assays were conducted to evaluate the impact on prostatic telocytes of SDF-1, a factor involved in the proliferation and migration of CD34+ cells. SDF-1 caused an increase in the number of telocytes in explants, as well as morphological changes that were possibly related to the proliferation of these cells. These changes involved the fusion of telopode segments, linked to an increase in cell body volume. In vitro assays also showed that SDF-1 enriched prostate stromal cells with telocytes. Altogether, the data indicate that SDF-1 may offer promising uses in therapies that aim to inc...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 20, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
OME-Zarr: a cloud-optimized bioimaging file format with international community support
AbstractA growing community is constructing a next-generation file format (NGFF) for bioimaging to overcome problems of scalability and heterogeneity. Organized by the Open Microscopy Environment (OME), individuals and institutes across diverse modalities facing these problems have designed a format specification process (OME-NGFF) to address these needs. This paper brings together a wide range of those community members to describe the cloud-optimized format itself —OME-Zarr—along with tools and data resources available today to increase FAIR access and remove barriers in the scientific process. The current momentum o...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 10, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Muscle hypertrophy and neuroplasticity in the small bowel in short bowel syndrome
AbstractShort bowel syndrome (SBS) is a severe, life-threatening condition and one of the leading causes of intestinal failure in children. Here we were interested in changes in muscle layers and especially in the myenteric plexus of the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the small bowel in the context of intestinal adaptation. Twelve rats underwent a massive resection of the small intestine to induce SBS. Sham laparotomy without small bowel transection was performed in 10 rats. Two weeks after surgery, the remaining jejunum and ileum were harvested and studied. Samples of human small bowel were obtained from patients who und...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 3, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
The unremarkable alveolar epithelial glycocalyx: a thorium dioxide-based electron microscopic comparison after heparinase or pneumolysin treatment
AbstractRecent investigations analyzed in depth the biochemical and biophysical properties of the endothelial glycocalyx. In comparison, this complex cell-covering structure is largely understudied in alveolar epithelial cells. To better characterize the alveolar glycocalyx ultrastructure, unaffected versus injured human lung tissue explants and mouse lungs were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Lung tissue was treated with either heparinase (HEP), known to shed glycocalyx components, or pneumolysin (PLY), the exotoxin ofStreptococcus pneumoniae not investigated for structural glycocalyx effects so far. Cationi...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 29, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Naringenin stimulates aromatase expression and alleviates the clinical and histopathological findings of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57bl6 mice
In conclusion, n aringenin could provide long-term beneficial effects even in prophylactic use due to stimulating aromatase expression, but it could not prevent or eliminate the EAE model’s lesions completely. (Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology)
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
In focus in HCB
(Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology)
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 27, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
Building a FAIR image data ecosystem for microscopy communities
AbstractBioimaging has now entered the era of big data with faster-than-ever development of complex microscopy technologies leading to increasingly complex datasets. This enormous increase in data size and informational complexity within those datasets has brought with it several difficulties in terms of common and harmonized data handling, analysis, and management practices, which are currently hampering the full potential of image data being realized. Here, we outline a wide range of efforts and solutions currently being developed by the microscopy community to address these challenges on the path towards FAIR bioimaging...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 21, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
l-Carnitine improves mechanical responses of cardiomyocytes and restores Ca2+ homeostasis during aging
This study demonstrates, for the first time, a novel inotropic effect of long-term LC treatment on rat ventricular cardiomyocyte contraction. LC increased cardiomyocyte cell shortening and resting sarcomere length. Furthermore, LC supplementation led to a reduction in resting [Ca2+]i level and an increase in the amplitude of [Ca2+]i transients, indicative of enhanced contraction. Consistent with these results, decay time of Ca2+ transients also decreased significantly in the LC-treated group. The long-term administration of LC may help restore the Ca2+ homeostasis altered during aging and could be used as a cardioprotectiv...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - June 17, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research
