Antibody levels in people with diabetes after one dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine
This study evaluates the antibody response for 56 days after the first dose of the AZD1222 vaccine in subjects with and without diabetes to assess the potential risk of delaying the second dose. This study included 282 people who received one dose of AZD1222. The geometric mean concentration of antibodies specific for severe acute respiratory syn drome coronavirus 2 IgG at 56 days was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D; 15.13 BAU/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.7–21.4) than in those without diabetes (40.20 BAU/mL, 95% CI = 33.43–48.36), as confirmed by ...
Source: Diabetology International - May 5, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Fatigue, anxiety and depression in patients with prediabetes: a controlled cross-sectional study
ConclusionPsychosocial problems may present in the prediabetic stage before the onset of diabetes. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 20, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Serum ketone body measurement in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis
ConclusionsSerum ketone body levels were thought to be useful in the diagnosis of DKA. Further investigations with increased numbers of patients are required to establish the appropriate application of serum ketone bodies in patients with DKA. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - April 13, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Secretory granule exocytosis and its amplification by cAMP in pancreatic β-cells
AbstractThe sequence of events for secreting insulin in response to glucose in pancreatic β-cells is termed “stimulus-secretion coupling”. The core of stimulus-secretion coupling is a process which generates electrical activity in response to glucose uptake and causes Ca2+ oscillation for triggering exocytosis of insulin-containing secretory granules. Prior to exocytosis, the secretory granules are mobilized and docked to the plasma membrane and primed for fusion with the plasma membrane. Together with the final fusion with the plasma membrane, these steps are named the exocytosis process of insulin secretion. The ste...
Source: Diabetology International - April 1, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Development of a hyperosmolar-hyperglycemic state and possible fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus during the treatment of a case of adenocarcinoma of the lung and interstitial pneumonia
AbstractAn 85-year-old man was being treated with anti-cancer drugs for adenocarcinoma of the lung and was on a tapering dose of prednisolone for interstitial pneumonia. He attended our hospital complaining of fatigue, thirst, and polyuria in September 2020. His postprandial plasma glucose concentration was 976 mg/dL, his glycated hemoglobin was 8.0%, his plasma osmolality was 342 mOsm/kg H2O, his urine ketone body content was 1 +, and his blood pH was 7.356. Therefore, we diagnosed a hyperosmolar-hyperglycemic state and he was admitted to the hospital for treatment. He had had no previous upper respiratory symptoms,...
Source: Diabetology International - March 30, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Dietary intake and physical activity in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: the Japan Diabetes Complication and its Prevention prospective study (JDCP study 8)
AbstractMedical nutrition therapy and exercise therapy are the cornerstones of treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes; however, there has not been a nationwide study on the actual dietary intake and physical activity status of patients since the 2000s. We aimed to clarify this in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes using data from the Japan Diabetes Complication and its Prevention prospective (JDCP), a nationwide study launched in 2007. A total of 1992 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 40 –75 years, completed either the Brief-type, self-administered Diet History Questionnaire (1643 patients) or International P...
Source: Diabetology International - March 24, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Differences in long-term effects of standard rodent diets on blood glucose and body weight of offspring
AbstractStandard rodent diets are similar and contain well-balanced components, such as crude protein, fat, fiber, and ash. However, it is not clear whether there are differences in their long-term effects on metabolism. Here, we investigated the effects of long-term feeding of major standard diets, CRF-1, CE-2, and FR-1 to wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice on the blood glucose levels and body weight gain of their offspring, which were raised on the same diet and in the same environment as the mothers. The offspring have been influenced by the maternal diet during the fetal and neonatal stages, and were maintained on the same di...
Source: Diabetology International - March 24, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Metabolism-secretion coupling in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion
AbstractPancreatic β-cells in the islets of Langerhans secrete insulin in response to blood glucose levels. Precise control of the amount of insulin secreted is of critical importance for maintaining systemic carbohydrate homeostasis. It is now well established that glucose induced production of ATP from ADP and the KATP channel closure elevate cytosolic Ca2+, triggering insulin exocytosis in β-cells. However, for full activation of insulin secretion by glucose, other mechanisms besides Ca2+ elevation are needed. These mechanisms are the targets of current research and include intracellular metabolic pathways branching f...
Source: Diabetology International - March 19, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Trends in clinical characteristics and factors associated with initial prescription of SGLT2 inhibitors in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
ConclusionsSGLT2i was more likely to be newly prescribed to patients with CVD-HF and CKD, older patients, and to be prescribed in earlier treatment lines in recent years. Obesity and HF were predictor of SGLT2i prescriptions in the first line. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - March 16, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Seasonal variations and the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on hemoglobin A1c, glycoalbumin, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic influenced mean HbA1c and GA levels over 1 year, but did not affect seasonal variations, while LDL-C was not affected by COVID-19. Observation of these levels over a longer period is warranted to determine the longer-term influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - March 8, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Eighteen-year trends in the management of patients with diabetes in the Shiga Diabetes Clinical Survey: overall trends and differences by age group
ConclusionsGlycemic control has been maintained at an acceptable level since the previous survey. Although glycemic control has become less strict in elderly patients with diabetes, glycemic control is poorer in younger patients than in elderly patients. Obesity is an increasingly important problem, particularly in younger patients. The frequency of screening for diabetic complications and the control of blood pressure should be improved. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - February 17, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Accuracy of capillary blood glucose for 50-g glucose challenge test for gestational diabetes screening
ConclusionCBG by a certified glucose meter could be considered as an alternative to conventional VPG testing for 50-g GCT for GDM screening using 126 mg/dL cutoff value. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - February 7, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
New classification and diagnostic criteria for insulin resistance syndrome
This report of a working group established by the Japan Diabetes Society proposes a new classification and diagnostic criteria for insulin resistance syndrome. Insulin resistance syndrome is defined as a condition characterized by severe attenuation of insulin action due to functional impairment of the insulin receptor or its downstream signaling molecules. This syndrome is classified into two types: genetic insulin resistance syndrome, caused by gene abnormalities, and type B insulin resistance syndrome, caused by autoantibodies to the insulin receptor. Genetic insulin resistance syndrome includes type A insulin resistanc...
Source: Diabetology International - January 31, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The effectiveness of psychological interventions on mental health and quality of life in people living with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionsPsychological interventions were found to significantly increase quality of life and promote glucose control in people with type 1 diabetes. Depending on their cost-effectiveness, psychological interventions could be incorporated in routine clinical practice for people with type 1 diabetes and concomitant psychological morbidity. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - January 28, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular edema in acromegaly: a case report and literature review
We describe the multimodal management of a patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema associated with active acromegaly. A 61-year-old Japanese female who had had type 2 diabetic mellitus for > 10 years complained of deteriorated eyesight. She had distinct acromegalic features, and her visual acuity was 0.05 (right) and 0.4 (left) because of sub-capsular cataracts and proliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular edema. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments, cataract sur geries and retinal direct laser photocoagulation were performed together with gradual glycemic co...
Source: Diabetology International - January 25, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
