Cardiovascular disease prevalence in adults with type 2 diabetes in Japan: results from the Japanese centers in the CAPTURE study
ConclusionsThese contemporary data from the CAPTURE study on CVD prevalence in adults with T2D in Japan show that approximately one in three adults with T2D had established CVD, which is comparable to the prevalence in the global study cohort. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - January 14, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Exogenous insulin antibody syndrome in a patient with diabetes secondary to total pancreatectomy
AbstractExogenous insulin can induce insulin antibodies that have a low affinity/high binding capacity. Similar to what is observed in insulin autoimmune syndrome, these insulin antibodies can cause fasting hypoglycemia and postprandial hyperglycemia, a phenomenon known as “exogenous insulin antibody syndrome” (EIAS). Cases of EIAS in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been sporadically reported, mainly in Asia. However, there has been no report on EIAS in patients with diabetes secondary to total pancreatectomy treated with insulin analogs. A 74-year-o ld man with diabetes after total pancreatectomy had bee...
Source: Diabetology International - December 24, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

A consensus statement from the Japan Diabetes Society (JDS): a proposed algorithm for pharmacotherapy in people with type 2 diabetes
(Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - December 23, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Diabetic ketoacidosis after the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in a patient with pembrolizumab-induced fulminant type 1 diabetes
We report a case of 77-year-old woman with fulminant type 1 diabetes (T1D) who developed diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) after the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine tozinameran. The patient had been diagnosed as having T1D associated with an immune-related adverse event caused by pembrolizumab at the age of 75. After the second dose of tozinameran, she developed DKA and needed intravenous insulin infusion and mechanical ventilation. Although the direct causal relationship between the vaccination and the DKA episode could not be proven in this case, published literatures had suggested the possibility of developing DKA after SAR...
Source: Diabetology International - December 23, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Insulin resistance in adipose tissue and metabolic diseases
AbstractAdipose tissue regulates systemic energy metabolism through adipokine production as well as energy storage and energy supply to other organs in response to changes in energy status. Adipose tissue dysfunction is therefore thought to be a key contributor to the pathogenesis of a variety of metabolic disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Given that insulin plays a central role in the regulation of many aspects of adipocyte function, insulin resistance in adipose tissue is implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders as a cause of adipose tissue ...
Source: Diabetology International - December 22, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Changes in masticatory performance and the new onset of diabetes mellitus in older adults: a 5-year longitudinal study
ConclusionsDeteriorating masticatory performance for 5  years may cause diabetes mellitus among older adults. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - December 17, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Skin disinfection using hygiene swabs for self-injection of diabetes medications: an overview of the current best practices
AbstractInjectable diabetes medications are widely available. Although self-injection techniques update with the release of new devices, current clinical practices in Japan consistently adhere to the standardized hygiene procedures for skin disinfection. On the other hand, the manual for disaster diabetes care does not require the victims to skin preparation using alcohol swabs before injection. The World Health Organization shows that skin disinfection with alcohol is not necessary for subcutaneous injections, and that hand hygiene and skin preparation with soap and water are important procedures. Skin preparation for sel...
Source: Diabetology International - December 16, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Perceptions of diabetes management among adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers: development and validation of the Japanese version of the diabetes family responsibility questionnaire
AbstractThe shift in diabetes management responsibility is critical for adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Currently, in Japan, there is insufficient progress in the development of scales for evaluating diabetes management responsibility. We developed the Japanese version of the Diabetes Family Responsibility Questionnaire (DFRQ), a scale to evaluate diabetes management responsibility, and verified its reliability and validity. We recruited 12 –18-year-old adolescents with T1D and their caregivers. The DFRQ questionnaires (DFRQ-A for adolescents and DFRQ-C for caregivers) were distributed. The responses of 31 pairs ...
Source: Diabetology International - December 7, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Exploring the signal-dependent transcriptional regulation involved in the liver pathology of type 2 diabetes
AbstractExcess glucagon activity in diabetes increases hepatic glucose production via gluconeogenic gene induction, thus exacerbating hyperglycemia. Glucagon receptor-activated cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) induces proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 α) expression via the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2) pathway. Transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α subsequently coactivates transcription factors, such as forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α), to induce glu coneogenic genes. The current review firs...
Source: Diabetology International - December 3, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Clinical significance of skin autofluorescence for diabetic macroangiopathy and comparison with conventional markers of atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional and prospective study
ConclusionAmong diabetic macroangiopathies, SAF is a good stroke biomarker, but not for CAD and PAD. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - November 28, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Insights on the role of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents in the amelioration of diabetes
AbstractDiabetes is a major health problem worldwide. It is a chronic metabolic disorder that produces overt hyperglycemic condition that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin due to excessive destruction of pancreatic β-cells (type 1 diabetes) or due to development of insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes). An autoimmune condition known as type 1 diabetes (T1D) results in the targeted immune death of β-cells that produce insulin. The only available treatment for T1D at the moment is the lifelong use of insulin. M ultiple islet autoantibody positivity is used to diagnose T1D. There are four standa...
Source: Diabetology International - November 17, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Accuracy of the Contour ® Next Link 2.4 blood glucose monitoring system in Japanese individuals: a single-center study
ConclusionsThe Contour® Next Link 2.4 blood glucose monitoring system fulfilled the ISO 15197:2013 accuracy criteria limit and the consensus error grid criterion. Therefore, this monitoring system for observing blood glucose levels is accurate for Japanese individuals. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - October 25, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Relationship between reduced heart rate variability and increased arterial stiffness evaluated by the cardio-ankle vascular index in people with type 2 diabetes
ConclusionLow HRV estimated by CVR-R during DB is closely associated with arterial stiffness measured by CAVI in people with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that arterial stiffness associated with CAN may be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - September 29, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Association of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and/or proteinuria to predict the risk of initiation of dialysis in people with and without diabetes
ConclusionseGFR  <  60 and UP(+) together presented an extremely high risk of dialysis especially with DM. UP( +) increased the risk of starting dialysis regardless of the eGFR with DM. Both patient education and a treatment strategy by physicians might be helpful to avoid the progression of renal failure. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - September 13, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Clinical parameters correlated with the psoas muscle index in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus
ConclusionTSH concentrations and the FT3/FT4 ratio are correlated with the PMI, and their thresholds may help prevent muscle mass loss in Japanese individuals with T2DM. (Source: Diabetology International)
Source: Diabetology International - September 11, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research