Sensory Systems for Sugar-Induced Cephalic Phase Insulin Release
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to discuss and summarize the peripheral sensory mechanisms involved in the induction of the early phase of insulin release, known as cephalic phase insulin release (CPIR), triggered by stimuli related to food, particularly sugars.Recent FindingsAt least, two distinct systems on the tongue are responsible for detecting oral sugars. The first system involves the G-protein-coupled receptor Tas1r2/Tas1r3, which can detect not only sugars but also artificial sweeteners and sweet proteins. The second system relies on glucose transporters, specifically recognize and transport monosacchari...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 12, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The Association Between Periodontal Disease and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is Linked to Metabolic Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized as the most common cause of chronic liver disease. NAFLD regularly coexists with metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. Periodontal disease is associated with metabolic disorders. Both diseases have overlapping risk factors; hence, periodontal disease may be associated with NAFLD. This review discusses the reciprocal associations between periodontal disease, NAFLD, and metabolic disorders.Recent FindingsNumerous cross-sectional studies have reported an association between periodontal disease and NAFLD. Limited prospective evidence s...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 11, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Zirconia: More and More Translucent
AbstractPurpose of ReviewYttria-stabilized zirconium dioxide, 3 mol% Y-TZP (zirconia, 3Y-TZP) was introduced as a prosthetic material to provide metal-free, tooth-colored, and durable material option for the patients. However, its optical properties are not ideal. This review describes the different strategies to increase translucency of zirconia material and summarizes the current knowledge of translucent zirconia for fixed prosthodontic applications.Recent FindingsOne of the most common ways of increasing the translucency of zirconia is to add the cubic phase by increasing Y2O3 content. Y2O3 4Y mol% and Y2O3 5Y mol% part...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 9, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Insulin Resistance Is an Alternative, Novel Risk Factor for Diabetes-Associated Periodontitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPeriodontitis is one of the diabetic complications and is exacerbated under diabetes. Epidemiological and basic studies suggested that the progression of periodontitis might associate with insulin resistance. This review aims to discuss the molecular mechanism of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of diabetes-related periodontitis.Recent FindingsObese model rodents showed insulin resistance in the gingiva and exacerbated experimental periodontitis. Studies using conditional insulin receptor knockout mice have demonstrated that insulin resistance in the periodontal tissue-consisting cells such a...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 3, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Success of 3-Unit Posterior All-Ceramic Inlay-Retained Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Narrative Literature Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis narrative review aimed to offer evidence on 3-unit all-ceramic posterior inlay-retained prostheses (IRFDPs) with an emphasis on material choice and design principles. Clinical trials and in vitro studies were identified using an electronic search in PubMed database. Overall, 16 in vitro publications and 8 clinical trials were included that reported on retainer designs, connector dimensions, and tooth preparation designs and detailed bonding techniques, evaluated replacement of posterior teeth, were clinical studies (follow-up ≥ 1 year), or addressed survival or failure rate, based on i...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 2, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Dentin Degradation: From Tissue Breakdown to Possibilities for Therapeutic Intervention
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewPresently, dental materials science is driven by the search for new and improved materials that can trigger specific reactions from the affected tissue to stimulate repair or regeneration while interacting with the oral environment to promote or maintain oral health. In parallel, evidence from the past decades has challenged the exclusive role of bacteria in dentin tissue degradation in caries, questioning our understanding of caries etiopathogenesis. The goal of this review is to recapitulate the current evidence on the host and bacterial contributions to degradation, inflammation, and repair ...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 25, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal Health and Psychiatric Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPeople with mental illness are vulnerable to periodontal diseases. Explanations include the direct effects of the psychiatric illness, side effects of psychotropic medication, lifestyle (e.g., alcohol, tobacco, and other substance use), shared risk factors, and difficulties with activities of daily living and access to dental care.Recent FindingsLatest findings confirm the bi-directional relationship between periodontal disease and both psychiatric illness and substance use disorders (SUDs). On one hand, individuals with psychiatric illness and SUDs are at increased risk of developing periodontal d...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 21, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Effect of Combined Oral Management, Rehabilitation, and Nutrition Interventions on Improving Systemic Problems in Older Adults
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMost studies on oral management have focused on the outcomes of single intervention methods. In this review, we conducted a literature search to investigate whether combined oral management, rehabilitation, and nutritional interventions improved the systemic problems in older adults requiring long-term care.Recent FindingsSupplementing oral care with therapist-led rehabilitation or swallowing exercises resulted in a reduction in the incidence of pneumonia cases during the intervention period. Weekly oral function training, combined with the provision of a high nutritional diet for malnourished olde...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 8, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Effects of Maternal Nutrition on Oral Health in Offspring
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAccording
to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory, nutritional status in utero can permanently change body structure, function, and metabolism and eventually regulate the susceptibilities toward various diseases in later life. This review aims to examine and summarize the findings of previous reports, revealing how maternal nutrition during pregnancy and lactation affects oral health in offspring.Recent FindingsA limited number of studies have found an evident relationship between maternal nutrition and children ’s oral health. Some evidence suggests that maternal nu...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 3, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Dental Support for Feeding Function in Children
This study reported on dental approaches to support children with oral problems.Recent FindingsA problem with oral function noted among children is lip incompetence. According to a recent survey in Japan, lip incompetence was observed in approximately 30% of children aged 3 –12 years. Feeding therapy emphasizing the concept of habilitation (dysphagia rehabilitation) is provided for feeding problems in children with disabilities.SummaryDental interventions for children with oral function problems include oral function management for developmental insufficiency of oral function and feeding therapy for feeding disorders. Th...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - June 28, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Betel Quid and Oral Phenomenon: Current Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewBetel quid chewing (BQC) is a traditional custom of masticating and spitting out a mixture of areca nut, betel leaves, and additives that is widely practiced particularly in South Asia, Southeast Asia, the Asia-Pacific region, and East Africa for centuries. This paper aims to present a current review of the oral phenomenon of BQC, alongside a view that contributes to our knowledge and a starting point for further research.Recent FindingsSeveral research indicate that BQC relates to oral malignancies, periodontal disorders, oral microbiome alterations, and other dentomaxillofacial disorders, as well...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - June 26, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
CAD Software and Its Influence on Complex Treatment Planning
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDiagnostics and planning are essential in managing complex clinical situations that require intervention from multiple dental specialties such as implant surgery, periodontics, orthodontics, and restorative dentistry. We examine how the progress of digital technologies and the development of multiple computer-aided design (CAD) software had brought the possibility of determining the desired outcome before any dental treatment is performed, providing guidance for a patient-specific interdisciplinary and minimally invasive treatment plan. We access the use of different CAD software for planning every...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - June 8, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Beh çet’s Disease and Periodontal Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewBeh çet’s disease (BD) is a recurrent, chronic inflammatory disease affected by environmental triggers. Oral aphthous ulcerations are the most common and often the first sign of the disease. Although the etiology of BD has not been clearly established, its systemic effects originate from vasculitis a nd involve almost all organ systems such as gastrointestinal, neural, cardiac, and pleuropulmonary systems. Periodontal disease is the chronic inflammation of the surrounding tissues of the teeth. Depending on the degree of the disease, bleeding, mobility, pain, discomfort, and tooth loss may occur....
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - April 13, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Metabolic Syndrome and Periodontal Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMetabolic syndrome is a systemic condition that has components such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive attachment loss that develops as a result of the host response to the dysbiotic plaque microbiome. Periodontal diseases can jeopardize systemic health through various mechanisms as well as be detrimental to oral health. The interlinks of these mechanisms and the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome cause a bidirect...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - April 13, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
New Trends and Criteria in the Minimally Invasive Esthetic Rehabilitation of Anterior Teeth
The objective of this review is to discuss the clinical performance and long-term surface quality of anterior restorative techniques with resin composites and prefabricated veneers in comparison to ceramic.Recent FindingsRecent studies have proved that resin composite anterior restorations had a very good middle-term clinical performance. On the other hand, prefabricated resin composite veneers have only documented short-term results.SummaryThe surface quality of resin-based restorations depends on the habits of the patients and the nature of the material used. Periodic recalls, refurbishment, and re-polishing procedures n...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - April 10, 2023 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
