On the Role of Mentorship in Team Science
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper highlights the value of mentorship based on lessons learned working with Dr. Robert ( ‘Bob’) Genco before he passed away in March 2019. Bob was a terrific mentor to researchers working in diverse environments, including academia, clinical settings, and industry.Recent FindingsFive key dimensions of mentorship are discussed in this review: resources, opportunities, advice, protection, and interpersonal connection. Bob demonstrated that mentorship can and should be cross-disciplinary. Though we had very different areas of expertise, our joint involvement on a multidisciplinary research...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 27, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The Buffalo OsteoPerio Studies: Summary of Our Findings and the Unique Contributions of Robert J. Genco, DDS, PhD
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRobert ( “Bob”) Genco was a member of the research team that established the Buffalo Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) study. Here we detail the scientific discoveries emanating from this enduring collaboration.Recent FindingsOsteoPerio is ancillary to the Women ’s Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS). WHI-OS is a longitudinal study of 93,676 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 enrolled at 40 US centers (enrolled in 1993–1998). OsteoPerio enrolled 1342 women 3 years later (1997–2001) from the Buffalo WHI-OS participants to study the associati on of osteoporosis an...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 26, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontitis: a Host-Mediated Disruption of Microbial Homeostasis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn a prolific scientific career, Dr. Robert J. Genco dedicated himself to enriching our understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontitis. During a period of time in the 1970s and 1980s, when periodontitis was considered a classic infectious disease, Bob had the foresight to investigate and characterize the immune/inflammatory response in periodontitis, particularly juvenile periodontitis. His leadership in this area brought to the fore our appreciation of host-microbial interactions that many years later (2008) culminated in the realization that periodontitis is a fundamental inflammatory disease...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 24, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Could Vitamin D Influence Risk for Periodontal Disease —to “D” or Not to “D”?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to discuss the literature on associations between vitamin D and periodontal disease, including its strengths and weaknesses. Future direction for continued work in this area is provided.Recent FindingsResearch in cross-sectional cohorts, surveys, and case-control studies provide support for a role of vitamin D in periodontal disease, especially using clinical indicators such as bleeding on probing and clinical attachment loss. However, these studies have a number of limitations. They cannot establish temporality of these associations. Most case-control studies have bee...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 19, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The Role of the Oral Healthcare Team in Identification of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewType 2 diabetes (T2DM) presents a growing global health and economic burden. Dental settings have been employed to identify individuals who may be at high risk of diabetes, who exhibit non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH – also termed “prediabetes”) and who already unknowingly have the condition, through the use of targeted risk-assessments. This review aims to synthesize the existing literature supporting dental teams’ identification of individuals at an increased risk of or suffering from undiagnosed NDH o r T2DM in dental specialist care settings.Recent FindingsElectronic databases were sea...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 17, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The Oral Microbiome and Lung Diseases
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe understanding of the human microbiome, especially of the oral cavity, has expanded exponentially since the advent of 16 rRNA PCR gene sequencing. Since the respiratory tract starts from the oral cavity and ends in the lung, study of the relationship between the oral microbiota and the lungs will allow us to understand the changes in lung disease compared with healthy state.Recent FindingsThe oral and lung microbiota were found to be similar, but the oral microbiota had greater diversity. The oral cavity especially the dorsal tongue was found to be a reservoir for bacteria causing pneumonia and ...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 17, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Robert J. Genco: A Legacy of Lifelong Innovation and Inspiration
(Source: Current Oral Health Reports)
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 14, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The Gastrointestinal Microbiome in Chronic Renal Diseases
The objective of the current review is therefore twofold. First, we aim to demonstrate the emerging role of gastrointestinal microbiome dysbiosis in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic kidney disease. Second, we highlight specific mechanisms as to how microbiome dysbiosis is provoked in chronic kidney disease.Recent FindingsCurrent work has shown that microbiome dysbiosis can directly and indirectly influence renal physiology and contribute to the onset and development of chronic kidney disease, such as by stimulating hypertension. It is also becoming evident that the composition and function of both the intestinal...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 13, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal Disease and Systemic Interactions (Periodontal Medicine): Current Epidemiological Evidence
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review recent literature on the effects of periodontal diseases on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with emphasis on the contributions of Dr. Robert Genco.Recent FindingsNumbers of missing teeth are positively related to levels of infection and inflammation. Most studies find a positive relationship between periodontitis and incident CVD and T2DM and the ability of periodontal treatment to reduce CVD risk factors and HbA1C levels, but controversy due to negative findings remains.SummaryRecent finding that tooth loss is related to levels of inflammation is importan...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 12, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Porphyromonas gingivalis : Immune Subversion Activities and Role in Periodontal Dysbiosis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review summarizes mechanisms by whichPorphyromonas gingivalis interacts with community members and the host so that it can persist in the periodontium under inflammatory conditions that drive periodontal disease.Recent FindingsRecent advances indicate that, in great part, the pathogenicity ofP. gingivalis is dependent upon its ability to establish residence in the subgingival environment and to subvert innate immunity in a manner that uncouples the nutritionally favorable (for the bacteria) inflammatory response from antimicrobial pathways. While the initial establishment ofP. gingivalis is de...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 9, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Functional Aesthetics in Implantology and Reconstructive Dentistry: Analysis and Transfer of Referenced Individual Patient Information With the PlaneSystem ®
This article focuses on the realistic, correctly positioned transfer of the casts and other anatomical parameters into the analogue or virtual articulator. The development of the function-analytical method is presented using the PlaneSystem ®. The detection of patient-specific details using the analogue method (e.g. head posture, facial proportions, physiognomic landmark, cast analysis, cast orientation, movement recording, joint mechanics, lower jaw position in physiological, unmanipulated centric) as well as the digital procedure (e .g. facial scan, three-dimensional analysis, photo documentation) and their transfer int...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - December 11, 2019 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Beyond Endodontic MicroSurgery 2: Transplantation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aimed to report the outcome of contemporary transplantation of mature and immature teeth and its correlation with various procedural factors.Recent FindingsThe success rate of immature tooth transplantation was around 90% with successful revascularization. The teeth with root development stage of 3 or 4 show the most favorable outcome, which are the teeth with almost full root formation and open apical foramina. Mature teeth have a lower prognosis than immature teeth after transplantation and patients over 45 years old and extraoral time over 15 min caused significantly more failures.Su...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - December 8, 2019 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Digital Scanning in Modern Orthodontics
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to provide the readers with current information and state-of-the-art of digital scanning systems within the orthodontics. Introducing the commercially available intraoral and facial scanning systems, as well as bringing future perspectives to these systems.Recent FindingsThe emergence of digital scanners associated with computer-aided design is one of today ’s key diagnostic tool enhancements in orthodontics. Among the main applications in orthodontics, it is the analysis for diagnosis, treatment planning, and prediction of the final result. There is a range of possi...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - December 8, 2019 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Irrigation in Endodontics: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this chapter was to review progress in the endodontic irrigation and advances in disinfection process and their clinical implication.Recent FindingsThis review shed the light on the culturing techniques shortcomings and the complexity of the root canal infection both anatomically and microbiologically. It also discusses in depth the most widely used endodontic irrigants, their antimicrobial efficacy, safety, advantages, and disadvantages. Irrigation issues to discuss are not merely centered on which antimicrobial solution to use, but also its method of delivery, preferably to all par...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - December 7, 2019 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Tunneling Techniques for Root Coverage
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTunneling technique (TUN) has been introduced as a minimally invasive and highly esthetic treatment option for the treatment of gingival recession, one of the most frequent mucogingival deformities and conditions. The purpose of the present article is to review how specific technique modifications, different grafting materials, and different defect characteristics may affect the outcome of TUN for root coverage.Recent FindingsTUN has been shown to be an efficacious root coverage technique that, in combination with various grafting materials, can achieve satisfactory root coverage outcomes in Miller...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - December 2, 2019 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
