Communication Skills of the Clinician and Patient Motivation in Dental Practice
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review examines the current literature on the importance and role of communication skills of the clinician for patient motivation. Moreover, methods for teaching communication skills to the dental students are discussed.Recent FindingsGood relationship between the clinician and the patient is essential for not only establishing mutual trust and satisfaction but also obtaining better clinical outcomes from the periodontal treatment.SummaryCompetency in communication skills for dental practitioners can be gained within the dental curriculum, and this will provide more sustainable benefits from t...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 20, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The Use of PRF for Hard and Soft Tissue Grafting
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a second-generation platelet concentrate, has gained popularity in the field of oral regenerative surgery. This review presents data from published clinical trials on outcomes from PRF application in regeneration of infrabony defects, implant site development, and mucogingival surgery.Recent FindingsWhen PRF is used for regeneration of infrabony defects, minor improvements are noted in the clinical parameters that in the majority of the cases does not reach the level of statistical significance. The use of PRF appears to limit the dimensional changes of the al...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 16, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Current Consensus of Dental Implants in the Elderly —What Are the Limitations?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review examines the restricting factors based on the current situation of implant treatments in elderly people and describes how they should be handled. In addition, it is suggested to establish an environment in which the oral cavity of the patient can be managed at the end of treatment with an implant card detailing the implant treatments provided, while anticipating the patient ’s aging.Recent FindingsImplant treatments now account for a large proportion of dental prosthetic treatment options. Meanwhile, aging is accelerating globally, with Japan at the top of the list. This has resulted ...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 6, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Desquamative Diseases and Periodontal Health/Treatment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of the present review is to answer the following focused question: “What are the most relevant findings about the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of desquamative gingivitis (DG)?”Recent FindingsTopical corticosteroids in the form of gel should be the first-line medical treatment and may be sufficient for some moderate or mild forms of DG. When patients continue to experience erosions and pain despite topical therapy, treatment with systemic therapy is indicated. A tailored plaque control program is effective in reducing gingival manifestations of DG in terms of related symptoms, ...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - May 15, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal Health and Nutritional Status in the Elderly: Systematic Review
In conclusion, there was an insufficient amount of evidence to claim the casual effects of nutritional status on periodontal health in the elderly. (Source: Current Oral Health Reports)
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - April 25, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Sarcopenia and Mastication
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSarcopenia is a disease characterized by a decrease in muscle mass with aging, and it has received widespread attention because it accelerates physical frailty. In this review, we conducted a literature search to determine the effect of sarcopenia on mastication.Recent FindingsThe literature review was performed for the last 5 years using PubMed. The results showed that sarcopenia was observed in the masticatory muscles and suprahyoid muscles. Also, tongue pressure was decreased with sarcopenia and was associated with decreased masticatory and swallowing function. Furthermore, masticatory functio...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - April 7, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Nutritional Supplements and Periodontal Disease Prevention —Current Understanding
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review updates the current knowledge on nutrient supplements, which are reported as effective in maintaining the health of periodontal tissues or preventing diseases, as a complementary therapy to existing periodontal treatments.Recent FindingsThe latest meta-analysis reported that green tea component might be used as a complementary method to existing periodontal treatments. New multifunctional food-derived components such as rice- and soybean-derived proteins and amino acids have also been reported recently.SummarySeveral previous reports describe that nutritional supplements may help bacter...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - March 22, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
What Are the Major Causes of Dry Mouth in Elderly Adults?
This article will review the etiology and mechanisms of onset of dry mouth in elderly adults.Recent FindingsSj ögren syndrome (SS), a disease triggered by an autoimmune response against the exocrine glands, has long been recognized as a typical disease associated with such symptoms. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is also one of the causative diseases of dry mouth and results in oral mucosal inflammation. Previously , hyperglycemia induces dehydration and results dry mouth. Recently, hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance impairs saliva secretion mechanisms and promotes dry mouth.SummaryAn increasing number of dry-mouth patients...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - March 22, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Association Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Periodontitis: Recent Progress
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWhile a number of reviews have been published in recent years covering all aspects of the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis, this review considers only the very most recent advances in the field by reporting on studies published from January 2018 to August 2019.Recent FindingsThe number of published studies that have investigated this relationship has increased dramatically in recent years. These studies have established a number of important biochemical, cellular, genetic and microbiological processes that link these two conditions at the clinical level.SummaryThere is no...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - March 20, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Insulin Function in Peripheral Taste Organ Homeostasis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTaste is the sensory system primarily devoted to the selection of what we eat. Various internal factors are likely involved in the modulation of taste sensitivity or homeostasis in the context of one ’s general nutritional condition. For ameliorating or preventing lifestyle-related diseases, it is important to understand how our taste system is maintained and disrupted. This review focuses on insulin, the most potent anabolic agent in our body and a possible modulator of taste sensation, in th e peripheral taste system.Recent FindingsThe insulin receptor is expressed in taste buds and taste proge...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - March 18, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Associations Between Periodontal Health/Treatment and Cognitive Impairment: Latest Evidence From Epidemiological Studies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith the aging of the worldwide population, the social impact of cognitive impairment is increasing. Periodontal disease may be a risk factor for cognitive impairment. This review aimed to establish the latest evidence for associations between cognitive impairment and periodontal health/treatment published in the past 5 years.Recent FindingsElectronic searches were conducted in PubMed for literature published in English between January 2015 and September 2019. The selected 15 studies included 3 cross-sectional, 9 longitudinal, and 3 case-control studies. Most studies demonstrated a significant as...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - March 5, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
From Periodontitis to Periimplantitis —the Quest for the Missing Link
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this narrated review, we shall study the commonality and discord in the anatomy, bacterial flora, immune response, rate of progression, and response to therapy. Finally, we shall explore the unique, periimplantitis-related risk factors.Recent FindingsThe absence of PDL around implants, combined with poor periimplant vascularization and weaker attachment apparatus, might account for the poor cellular response to bacterial implant in periimplantitis. Using 16S ribosomal gene sequencing, it has been recently shown that although certain known periodontal pathogens may also be found around dental imp...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - February 14, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal Disease and Birth Outcomes: Are We Missing Something?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPeriodontal disease is a widespread inflammatory disorder influenced by microbial, genetic, and environmental factors. Dr. Robert J. Genco was a pioneer in recognizing the connection between periodontal disease and systemic diseases. His early work reported a “two-way street” with respect to diabetes mellitus such that those with diabetes are more susceptible to periodontal disease and the severity of diabetes increases in those with periodontal disease. Dr. Genco also proposed that periodontal disease could impact cardiovascular and pulmonary diseas es as well as oral cancers. Here, we review ...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - February 11, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Persistence of Tannerella forsythia and Fusobacterium nucleatum in Dental Plaque: a Strategic Alliance
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe Gram-negative oral pathogenTannerella forsythia is implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, an inflammatory disease characterized by progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting structures affecting over 700 million people worldwide. This review highlights the basis of why and howT. forsythia interacts withFusobacterium nucleatum, a bacterium considered to be a bridge between the early and late colonizing bacteria of the dental plaque.Recent FindingsThe recent findings indicate that these two organisms have a strong mutualistic relationship that involves foraging byT. forsythia onF. ...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 28, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The Periodontal Microenvironment: a Potential Reservoir for Intestinal Pathobionts in Crohn ’s Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPeriodontal disease is a common bacteria-initiated inflammatory disease generating alveolar bone destruction around the dentition. Chronic periodontitis leads to the formation of a nutrient-rich periodontal microenvironment where opportunistic pathogens can thrive and flourish. The dissemination of these microbes from the oral cavity to other body sites can initiate or exacerbate disease, especially in susceptible individuals. This brief review will highlight the oral-gut axis and common bacterial etiologies associated with periodontal disease and Crohn ’s disease as well as providing a perspecti...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 28, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
