Can Periodontitis Affect the Health and Disease of the Digestive System? A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiological Evidence and Biological Mechanisms
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThere is increasing evidence on the connections between chronic oral inflammation/infection and the pathophysiological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs of digestion. The aim of this review is to provide a critical synthesis regarding the epidemiological, clinical, and in vivo associations between periodontitis and the most relevant diseases of the digestive system.Recent FindingsAn increasing body of dental and medical literature is supporting the gum-gut axis as a relevant mechanism to explain the associations between periodontitis and systemic diseases. Indeed, shared...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 9, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Nutrition and Periodontal Health in the Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: a Review from the Viewpoint of Endothelial Function
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to summarize the literature on periodontal disease and nutrition, focusing on endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients, and their impact on oral health.Recent FindingsEnvironmental factors, including smoking, obesity, and diabetes are well-known risk factors for the onset and progression of the periodontal disease. Indeed, dietary factors show an association with periodontal health through local and systemic environments. In addition, systemic factors, such as insulin resistance and diabetes, may have an important role in the periodontal health. Although molecular mechanisms un...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 2, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Esthetic Rehabilitation in a Fully Edentulous Patient with Implant-Supported Overdentures Using Novel Digital Techniques and CAD/CAM Materials
AbstractThe application of well-documented treatment concepts and improvements in digital technologies have changed modern prosthodontics, specifically for the design and manufacturing of fixed implant-supported prosthesis in edentulous patients to restore their quality of life. However, important factors such as inter-arch occlusal relationships, the need for a buccal flange, and the ability to perform a proper oral hygiene make the fixed restoration not the best treatment option for some edentulous patients, especially for the elderly. The treatment of old population with implant-supported prosthesis has become increasin...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - October 29, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Digital Removable Complete Denture —an Overview
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDuring the last few years, the interest in fabrication of computer-engineered removable complete dentures has grown intensively. Innovative clinical and technological advances are driving forces. They allow (i) the creation of new and more efficient workflows, (ii) an emergence of modified and easier procedures, and (iii) the use of alternative biomaterials with improved properties. The results are a better fit and retention of the digital complete dentures, as well as a generally high satisfaction of patient and clinician, while reducing the number of appointments and the technical input. The purp...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - October 17, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Significance and Application of Light Therapy Based on Photoreceptors to the Regulation of Fat Metabolism
AbstractPurpose of ReviewObesity alters the metabolic and endocrine functions of adipose tissues and increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Reducing the volume of white adipose tissue (WAT) and activating the function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) are potential therapeutic approaches to treating and preventing obesity. This review aims to investigate the efficacy of photoreceptor-dependent light therapy targeting adipose tissues.Recent FindingsTo reduce the volume of WAT, phototherapy is performed for cosmetic purposes via low-level laser-assisted lipoplasty. However, the underlying mechanisms of such t...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - October 6, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The Link Between Periodontal Inflammation and Obesity
AbstractPurpose of ReviewObesity is a trigger for multiple diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity may be a risk factor for periodontal disease. Recently, there have been reports of presumed mechanisms of the associations between periodontitis and lipid metabolism or thermogenesis. This review aims to discuss the link between periodontal disease and energy regulatory function based on recent findings.Recent FindingsIt has been demonstrated that activation of the C –C motif chemokine ligand/C–C chemokine receptor 7 pathway in adipose ...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - October 1, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Oral Rehabilitation and Management of the Patient with Terminal Dentition: Clinical and Laboratory Case After 3 Years of Follow-up
This article describes the clinical management of a patient who had a severely damaged dentition due to periodontal disease for several years.Recent FindingsThe following clinical case is developed from the integral and global aspect, including surgical conditioning, implant placement and the elaboration of a prosthetic prototype that can give a successful outcome for the definitive restoration. A full series of a diagnostic workup was made, and a treatment plan specific to the needs of the patient was laid out, with an emphasis on the difficulty of the management of these types of patients in which a dental practice is fa...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 9, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
What Are the Clinical and Systemic Results of Periodontitis Treatment in Obese Individuals?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPeriodontitis and obesity are characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory state. Obese individuals have a higher chance of presenting periodontitis. Clinical studies in different populations demonstrate that individuals with obesity have worse periodontal conditions. This current review aims to explore recent literature to understand what the impacts of obesity on periodontal treatment outcomes are and to learn whether periodontal treatment can improve systemic biomarkers in obese individuals.Recent FindingsShort- and long-term evaluations demonstrated that non-surgical periodontal treatment could...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 2, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Augmented Reality in Esthetic Dentistry: a Case Report
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this case report was to illustrate the clinical procedure integrating augmented reality (AR) for complex patient cases requiring full mouth rehabilitation.Recent FindingsThe introduction of AR technology to the fields of medicine and dentistry has led to numerous applications in education, surgery, and esthetics. Recently, a new AR software was introduced in esthetic dentistry which allows for real-time smile projection and thus improves communication with patients and the dental laboratory.SummaryThe presented case shows a patient with multiple missing teeth, diastemata, and an impaired...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - April 26, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Endodontics —State of the Art
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an imaging modality with high-resolution diagnostic value that provides accurate and high-quality three-dimensional information on the elements of the maxillofacial complex. Therefore, this study aimed to present an up-to-date status of the main indications for the use of CBCT in endodontics, and to discuss its main limitations relative to diagnosis in endodontics.Recent FindingsThe data captured by CBCT devices and processed by a specific software programs create a reconstruction of the scanned volume. Thus, they allow dynamic and interactive analysis of the...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - April 1, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Public Health Aspects of Periodontitis: Recent Advances and Contributions by Dr. Robert J. Genco
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review provides an overview of the objectives, activities, and accomplishments of the CDC-AAP collaboration on public health aspects of periodontitis focusing mostly on surveillance. Dr. Robert Genco was co-chair of this effort.Recent FindingsThis initiative developed new standard periodontitis case definitions for surveillance and implemented for the first time a full-mouth periodontal examination protocol for NHANES 2009 –2014. Measurements from this survey resulted in a significantly greater estimate of the national prevalence of periodontitis in US adults and improved our understanding o...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - January 8, 2021 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal Grafting in Preparation for Orthodontic Treatment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAlveolar boundaries dictate the limitations of orthodontic tooth movement. Evaluation of the hard and soft tissues in terms of quality and quantity in conjunction with a sound orthodontic treatment plan that includes the amount and direction of desired tooth movement is essential. Prophylactic intervention may be required to support orthodontic goals and objectives without undesired iatrogenic periodontal consequences. The purpose of this article is to provide a review on current methods utilized for augmentation procedures prior to orthodontic treatment.Recent FindingsOrthodontic treatment can hav...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - December 26, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Nile Tilapia Fish Skin, Scales, and Spine as Naturally Derived Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration
This study aims to review the literature on the use of Nile tilapia-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins as naturally derived scaffold material for tissue regeneration.Recent FindingsNile tilapia has emerged as a particularly relevant specie for the development of fish-derived biomaterials. The skin, scale, and spine of various fish species have been extensively demonstrated as a potential source of native ECM proteins for use in regenerative medicine.SummaryWhen compared to synthetic polymers, collagen-based biomaterials introduce some disadvantages due to their lower biomechanical stiffness and rapid biodegradatio...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 16, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Digital Intraoral Impression Methods: an Update on Accuracy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe increased implementation of intraoral scanners (IOSs) in different dental fields has created the need for IOS ’s accuracy assessment by the scientific community. Hence, the aim of this literature review is to provide the current ``state of the art´´ regarding the accuracy of optical impression systems.Recent FindingsThe reported IOS ’s accuracy in dentistry is highly variable and controversial among studies. Researches performed either in vitro or in vivo considering digital intraoral impressions a valuable alternative to conventional impression techniques; however, the clinical situation...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 11, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Soft Tissue Grafting Around Implants: Why, When, and How?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper discusses the role of soft tissue grafting around dental implants. The aim of this review is to present pertinent literature on peri-implant soft tissue including its role, indications for augmentation, techniques used to enhance the quality and/or quantity of the soft tissue, and corresponding timing of those procedures.Recent FindingsMost reviewed soft tissue grafting studies in this paper were published in the last 5 years. However, the review also included older articles to mitigate the lack of recent randomized controlled trials or even case series on the reviewed soft tissue graf...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 9, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
