Soft Tissue Grafting Around Implants: Why, When, and How?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper discusses the role of soft tissue grafting around dental implants. The aim of this review is to present pertinent literature on peri-implant soft tissue including its role, indications for augmentation, techniques used to enhance the quality and/or quantity of the soft tissue, and corresponding timing of those procedures.Recent FindingsMost reviewed soft tissue grafting studies in this paper were published in the last 5 years. However, the review also included older articles to mitigate the lack of recent randomized controlled trials or even case series on the reviewed soft tissue graf...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 9, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Clinical Longevity of Zirconia Implants with the Focus on Biomechanical and Biological Outcome
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of the present review is to update the reader on the scientific background of zirconia ceramic implants. Clinical investigations using zirconia ceramic implants over the last couple of years have brought up some new developments and questions. Can we be confident in placing zirconia ceramic implants given the recently published data? Is there a difference in the application of one- and two-piece implants?Recent FindingsSystematic reviews on preclinical investigations of zirconia implants revealed that one-piece zirconia implants (> 4 mm) are sufficiently stable for clinical use. The s...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 7, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Current Scientific Evidence of Clinical Performance of Veneered Zirconia Crowns and Fixed Dental Prostheses
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper aims to summarize recent scientific evidence regarding the clinical performance of veneered zirconia prostheses. In addition, the residual thermal stress studies were critically analyzed and associated with the veneering ceramic chipping issue.Recent FindingsDespite extensive materials and technique developments, the chipping of the veneering layer in zirconia-based crowns is still not fully solved. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published within the last 5 years showed that the extension of chipping fracture is more significant for zirconia-based compared to the metal-based prosthe...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 4, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Additive Manufacturing in Dentistry: Current Technologies, Clinical Applications, and Limitations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aimed to illustrate the utility of additive manufacturing technologies for the fabrication of polymer, metal, and ceramic components within the confines of their current and potential clinical applications in dentistry.Recent FindingsThe literature reviewed on five additive manufacturing technologies, namely, vat-polymerization, material jetting, material extrusion, powder-based fusion, and binder jetting, have been investigated in relevance to their dental applications. These technologies have the following existing or potential clinical applications: diagnostic and definitive casts, c...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 3, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Imaging for the Assessment of Periodontal Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging has become a significant imaging modality in periodontology, and its applications to dentoalveolar disease and conditions are frequently updated. This review highlighted some of the current evidence of the use of CBCT scans for imaging the most common conditions related to periodontal diseases.Recent FindingsCBCT imaging should not be the first choice for the routine assessment of vertical or horizontal bone loss, and its use should be preferable for cases where clinical information and conventional 2D images are insufficient or unclear for diagnosis and...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - November 3, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Etiology of Peri-Implantitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPeri-implant diseases represent the biological complications associated with implant therapy. They are defined as inflammatory responses of the peri-implant soft tissues with or without progressive loss of marginal bone. The term peri-implantitis is used when the bone loss extends beyond initial bone remodeling after loading. Knowledge of the etiology and case definitions of peri-implant diseases are used to evaluate the impact of peri-implant diseases on the long-term survival and maintenance of dental implants. The present review summarizes the current knowledge about case definitions and contemp...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 23, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
An Update on the Association Between Periodontitis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to update evidence answering four questions: (1) Is there an association between periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)? (2) Is there evidence of causality? (3) Is there a dose-response relationship between the two conditions? (4) Is there evidence on efficacy of periodontitis interventions on the occurrence and/or severity of OSA or vice versa?Recent FindingsThirteen studies were included in the qualitative analysis, and nine of them were included in the quantitative analysis. Seven studies were case-control and six were cross-sectio...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 12, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Insights into the Clinical Diagnosis of Peri-implantitis: to Probe or Not to Probe
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe present review aimed at assessing the primary and secondary diagnostic tools currently used to monitor peri-implant conditions.Recent FindingsThere has been much debate on the diagnostic accuracy of clinical parameters in monitoring peri-implant conditions. Given the association between pocket depth measured around teeth and implants and the extent of microbial plaque biofilm deposits, it seems plausible for probing pocket depth to be indicative of disease progression or stability. Moreover, understanding the inflammatory nature of peri-implantitis, it seems reasonable to advocate that bleeding...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Psychological Stress: A Predisposing and Exacerbating Factor in Periodontitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the interactions between psychological stress, the immune system, and periodontitis, including the dynamic role of host stress responses in altering immune function, altering the oral microbiome and biofilm formation, and promoting local and systemic disease progression.Recent FindingsWithin the context of periodontal health and disease, stress leads to an impairment of effective antimicrobial defense, shifts in oral microbiome profiles toward more pathogenic gene expression and taxa composition, increased translocation, and biofilm for...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - August 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Surgical Management of Peri-implantitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide an overview of current surgical peri-implantitis treatment options.Recent FindingsSurgical procedures for peri-implantitis treatment include two main approaches: non-augmentative and augmentative therapy. Open flap debridement (OFD) and resective treatment are non-augmentative techniques that are indicated in the presence of horizontal bone loss in aesthetically nondemanding areas. Implantoplasty performed adjunctively at supracrestally and buccally exposed rough implant surfaces has been shown to efficiently attenuate soft tissue inflammation compared to control sites. However, this was...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 31, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Current Approaches for the Non-surgical Management of Peri-implant Diseases
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewPeri-implant diseases are inflammatory reactions to bacterial infections affecting osseointegrated dental implants. In recent years, scientific interest on this topic has increased, as demonstrated by the appearance of a large number of protocols for treating peri-implant mucositis (PIM) and peri-implantitis (PI). The aim of the present narrative review is to provide an overview of the recent (e.g., 2014 –present) published protocols for the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant diseases.Recent FindingsSeveral adjunctive measures for mechanical debridement have been proposed and investigated...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 29, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Risk Factors for Peri-implantitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis manuscript reviews the literature concerning risk factors associated with the development and/or progression peri-implantitis, focusing on studies published within the last 3 years (2017–2020). For the purpose of this review, all factors that can potentially contribute to the development of peri-implantitis will be considered “risk factors.”Recent FindingsRecent studies have focused on evaluating various risk factors associated with the development of peri-implantitis. Research shows that peri-implantitis lesions are associated with complex microbial biofilms consisting of not only per...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 29, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
A Comprehensive Review of Peri-implantitis Risk Factors
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis is a comprehensive narrative review aimed at identifying relevant risk factors associated with peri-implantitis.Recent FindingsRecent studies suggest that water pipes and electronic cigarettes present potentially significant risk factors for peri-implantitis. In addition, we have recently appreciated that the release of titanium particles into the peri-implant tissues is associated with inflammation and disease progression. Yet the question remains as to whether these factors could be sole or major causes of peri-implantitis, or merely additional factors contributing to the aggravation of the ...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 26, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Implant and Peri-implant Tissue Maintenance: Protocols to Prevent Peri-implantitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn the absence of prevention protocols, early diagnosis and predictable treatment options for peri-implant diseases, the long-term survival of dental implants may be compromised. The purpose of the present review is to outline risk factors/indicators for peri-implantitis and propose current protocols (2015 –present) for their control and disease prevention.Recent FindingsRecent evidence suggests that factors including use of proton-pump and selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, titanium-particle release, disruption of the implant-abutment connection, and prosthesis material/dimensions may incr...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 22, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Ridge Preservation Procedures: Review of Current Literature
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAlveolar ridge preservation (ARP) procedures have become one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in dentistry, due to increased demand for dental implant therapy. Previous studies have repeatedly shown a naturally healed socket could lose up to 50% of its buccolingual width, which in turn would negatively impact the future implant placement. ARP procedures have been shown to consistently reduce the amount of post-extraction horizontal and vertical bone loss; however, it is still not conclusive which biomaterial or technique is the most superior. The purpose of this article is to revi...
Source: Current Oral Health Reports - July 21, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
