Applications of Machine Learning in Cardiology
AbstractIn this digital era, artificial intelligence (AI) is establishing a strong foothold in commercial industry and the field of technology. These effects are trickling into the healthcare industry, especially in the clinical arena of cardiology. Machine learning (ML) algorithms are making substantial progress in various subspecialties of cardiology. This will have a positive impact on patient care and move the field towards precision medicine. In this review article, we explore the progress of ML in cardiovascular imaging, electrophysiology, heart failure, and interventional cardiology. (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - July 12, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Utility of Follow-Up Echocardiograms in Uncomplicated PDA Device Closures Performed After Infancy
ConclusionsIn patients who underwent an uncomplicated PDA closure after infancy, TTE parameters improved or stayed within normal limits on the most recent TTE. Repeat lifetime TTEs after 1-year post-device placement in this population may not necessarily be needed if there are no clinical concerns. (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - July 3, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Side Branch Late Thrombosis After Left Main Coronary Artery Crossover Stenting
We report a case of a stenosis and thrombus formation of an ostial side branch after crossover stenting.Case SummaryA 38-year-old man was admitted with acute coronary syndrome complicated by acute pulmonary oedema. He was treated with stenting of the left descending artery (LAD) into the left main coronary artery (LMCA) 12 months earlier. Coronary angiography showed a filling defect in the ostial left circumflex coronary artery (LCX). Optical coherence tomography revealed neointimal growth of the LAD stent resulting in narrowing the LCX orifice and a large thrombus behind stent struts. After treatment of the lesion and o...
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - June 30, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Finerenone, a Selective Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist
AbstractOveractivation of the renin –angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) has been shown to be pathologic in heart failure and albuminuric chronic kidney disease (CKD), triggering pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cellular pathways. The standard of care in these disease states includes treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are also a mainstay in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; however, therapy is often limited by treatment-related hyperkalemia. In albuminuric CKD, the risk of hyperkale...
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - June 23, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
High-Risk Coronary Plaque Features: A Narrative Review
AbstractAdvances in coronary plaque imaging over the last few decades have led to an increased interest in the identification of novel high-risk plaque features that are associated with cardiovascular events. Existing practices focus on risk stratification and lipid monitoring for primary and secondary prevention of cardiac events, which is limited by a lack of assessment and treatment of vulnerable plaque. In this review, we summarize the multitude of studies that have identified plaque, haemodynamic and patient factors associated with risk of acute coronary syndrome. Future progress in multi-modal imaging strategies and ...
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - June 22, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Five-Year Impacts of Antithrombotic Therapy Based on 10-Year Clinical Outcomes of Cypher ™ Stent Implantation
ConclusionsThe incidence of ST after Cypher ™ implantation in patients with DAPT at year 5 was significantly lower than that in SAPT. However, the risk of bleeding was higher with DAPT than with SAPT. Moreover, the risk of major bleeding was significantly higher in patients on anticoagulant therapy than in other patients. New options for th e use of antithrombotic drugs after percutaneous coronary intervention warrant further studies on the optimal antithrombotic therapy for first-generation DES. (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - June 21, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Influence of Vitamin D Status on the Maintenance Dose of Warfarin in Patients Receiving Chronic Warfarin Therapy
ConclusionsAlthough the study ’s limitations limit our ability to draw definite conclusions, the present data suggest that in addition to other traditional factors, vitamin D status might also affect warfarin sensitivity and maintenance dose requirement. However, to more clearly explain this link, further studies with high inv olvement subjects are required. (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - June 20, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Effects of Itraconazole and Diltiazem on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Milvexian, A Factor XIa Inhibitor
ConclusionsA moderate increase in milvexian exposure was observed following co-administration of itraconazole while a minimal increase was seen with diltiazem, consistent with the involvement of CYP3A metabolism and P-glycoprotein in drug absorption/elimination. Milvexian was generally safe and well tolerated in healthy participants.Trial RegistrationThe study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02807909; submitted June 17, 2016). (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - May 31, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Wild-Type Transthyretin Amyloidosis: An Analysis from the Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey (THAOS)
ConclusionsFemales with ATTRwt amyloidosis in THAOS tended to present at a later age and showed signs of less severe cardiac impairment and more severe walking impairment.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00628745. (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - May 18, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Endovascular Repair of an Iliac Arteriovenous Fistula in a 30-Year-Old Female Patient with Suspected Severe Cardiac Insufficiency: A Case Report
AbstractA 30-year-old female was initially diagnosed with cardiac insufficiency and severe claudication. Additional imaging revealed a large iliac arteriovenous fistula, which was treated with an endovascular technique. A custom-made, self-expanding, polytetrafluorethylene-covered stent was implanted to restore the physiologic hemodynamic environment. The patient was asymptomatic at the 12-month clinical follow-up. (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - May 12, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Thrombotic and Cardiovascular Events and Treatment Patterns Among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Japan: An Analysis of a Nationwide Medical Claims Database
ConclusionsPatients with COVID-19 could experience thrombotic complications in every blood vessel. Further optimization of medication is crucial for preventing thrombotic complications and improving prognosis. (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - April 15, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Evaluation of Intima-Media Thickness and Arterial Stiffness as Early Ultrasound Biomarkers of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis
AbstractCarotid atherosclerosis is a major and potentially preventable cause of ischemic stroke. It begins early in life and progresses silently over the years. Identification of individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis is needed to initiate early aggressive vascular prevention. Although carotid plaque appears to be a powerful predictor of cardiovascular risk, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and arterial stiffness can be detected at the initial phases and, therefore, they are considered important new biomarkers of carotid atherosclerosis. There is a well-documented association between CIMT and cerebrovascular eve...
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - April 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Benefit from SAVR with Surgical Ablation Compared to TAVR Alone
ConclusionSelect patients with persistent non-valvular AF may benefit from SAVR-SA compared to TAVR alone. (Source: Cardiology and Therapy)
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - March 31, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Etiology-Based Therapeutic Options
AbstractDetermining the etiologies of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) can be challenging due to the similarities of the different manifestations in clinical presentation and morphological features. Depending on the underlying cause, not only left ventricular mass but also left ventricular cavity size, or both, may increase. Patients with LVH remain asymptomatic for a few years, but disease progression will lead to the development of systolic or diastolic dysfunction and end-stage heart failure. As hypertrophied cardiac muscle disrupts normal conduction, LVH predisposes to arrhythmias. Distinguishing individuals with tre...
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - March 30, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Coronary Artery Disease and Aspirin Intolerance: Background and Insights on Current Management
AbstractAspirin is one of the most widely used medications across the global healthcare system and is the foundation in treating ischemic heart disease, as well as secondary prevention for ischemic and valvular heart disease. Challenges arise in treating patients with cardiovascular disease who have concomitant aspirin intolerance. Through an extensive review of the literature, we provide a comprehensive background on the pharmacology of aspirin, the mechanisms behind aspirin intolerance, the importance of aspirin in cardiovascular disease, and the management of aspirin intolerance in both acute coronary syndrome and stabl...
Source: Cardiology and Therapy - March 28, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
