Editorial Board
(Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 13, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 13, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Defining the Functional Influence of Endothelial Cell –Expressed Oncogenic Activating Mutations on Vascular Morphogenesis and Capillary Assembly
We sought to define key molecules and signals controlling major steps in vascular morphogenesis, and how these signals regulate pericyte recruitment and pericyte-induced basement membrane deposition. The morphogenic impact of endothelial cell (EC) expression of activating mutants of kRas, Mek1, PIK3CA, Akt1, Rheb, Jak2, or Stat3 expression versus controls was evaluated, along with EC signaling events, pharmacologic inhibitor assays, and siRNA suppression experiments. We observe that primary stimulators of EC lumen formation include kRas, Akt1, and Mek1, whereas PIK3CA and Akt1 stimulate a specialized type of cystic lumen f...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 12, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Prisca K. Lin, Zheying Sun, George E. Davis Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
Defining the functional influence of endothelial cell-expressed oncogenic activating mutations on vascular morphogenesis and capillary assembly
We sought to define key molecules and signals controlling major steps in vascular morphogenesis, and how these signals regulate pericyte recruitment and pericyte-induced basement membrane deposition. The morphogenic impact of EC expression of activating mutants of kRas, Mek1, PIK3CA, Akt1, Rheb, Jak2, or Stat3 expression vs. controls was evaluated, along with EC signaling events, pharmacological inhibitor assays, and siRNA suppression experiments. We observe that primary stimulators of EC lumen formation include kRas, Akt1, and Mek1, while PIK3CA and Akt1 stimulate a specialized type of cystic lumen formation. (Source: Ame...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 12, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Prisca K. Lin, Zheying Sun, George E. Davis Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Exogenous Transforming Growth Factor- β1 and Its Helminth-Derived Mimic Attenuate the Heart's Inflammatory Response to Ischemic Injury and Reduce Mature Scar Size
Coronary reperfusion after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is standard therapy to salvage ischemic heart muscle. However, subsequent inflammatory responses within the infarct lead to further loss of viable myocardium. Transforming growth factor (TGF)- β1 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine released in response to tissue injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of TGF-β1 after MI. In patients with STEMI, there was a significant correlation (P = 0.003) between higher circulating TGF-β1 levels at 24 hours after MI and a reduction in infarct size after 3 months, suggesting...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Rachael E. Redgrave, Esha Singh, Simon Tual-Chalot, Catherine Park, Darroch Hall, Karim Bennaceur, Danielle J. Smyth, Rick M. Maizels, Ioakim Spyridopoulos, Helen M. Arthur Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
Exogenous Transforming Growth Factor- β1 and Its Mimic Heligmosomoides polygyrus TGM Attenuate the Heart's Inflammatory Response to Ischemic Injury and Reduce Mature Scar Size
Successful and timely coronary reperfusion after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is standard therapy to salvage ischemic heart muscle. However, subsequent inflammatory responses within the infarct lead to further loss of viable myocardium. Transforming growth factor (TGF)- β1 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine released endogenously in response to infection or tissue injury, and the goal of this study was to investigate its protective effects when given exogenously after MI. In patients with STEMI, we observed a significant correlation (P = 0.003) between higher circulating TGF-β1 levels at 24 hours...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Rachael E. Redgrave, Esha Singh, Simon Tual-Chalot, Catherine Park, Darroch Hall, Karim Bennaceur, Danielle J. Smyth, Rick M. Maizels, Ioakim Spyridopoulos, Helen M. Arthur Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
Elucidating the Role of PIK3CA in Early-Stage Bladder Tumorigenesis
More than 70% of bladder cancers are nonmuscle invasive bladder cancers.1 Despite the high prevalence of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancers, there are significant gaps in our understanding of the early stages of bladder tumorigenesis. A landmark study by Shuman et al2 addresses this critical knowledge gap, focusing on the role of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA)–activating mutations, identified across different stages of bladder cancer as one of the most prevalent oncogenic mutations. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Bishoy M. Faltas Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
DOCK2 promotes atherosclerosis by mediating the endothelial cell inflammatory response
This study aims to explore the role of dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient mice with DOCK2 deficiency (LDLR-/-DOCK2-/-) and control (LDLR-/-) mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce atherosclerosis. The aortas and aortic roots were collected for atherosclerosis analysis. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Guoqing Qian, Oluwaseun Adeyanju, Dunpeng Cai, Torry A. Tucker, Steven Idell, Shi-You Chen, Xia Guo Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Elucidating the Role of PIK3CA in Early-Stage Bladder Tumorigenesis: New Insights from a Novel Transgenic Mouse Model
More than 70% of bladder cancers are non-muscle invasive bladder cancers (NMIBC)1 Despite the high prevalence of NMIBC, there are significant gaps in our understanding of the early stages of bladder tumorigenesis. A landmark study by Shuman et al.2 addresses this critical knowledge gap, focusing on the role of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) activating mutations, identified across different stages of bladder cancer as one of the most prevalent oncogenic mutations. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Bishoy M. Faltas Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Exogenous TGF β1 and its mimic HpTGM attenuate the heart’s inflammatory response to ischaemic injury and reduce mature scar size
Successful and timely coronary reperfusion following acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is standard therapy to salvage ischaemic heart muscle. However, subsequent inflammatory responses within the infarct leads to further loss of viable myocardium. TGF β1 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine released endogenously in response to infection or tissue injury and the goal of this study was to investigate its protective effects when given exogenously following MI. In STEMI patients, we observe a significant correlation (p=0.003) between higher circul ating TGFβ1 levels at 24h post MI and a reduction in infarct ...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Rachael E. Redgrave, Esha Singh, Simon Tual-Chalot, Catherine Park, Darroch Hall, Karim Bennaceur, Danielle J. Smyth, Rick M. Maizels, Ioakim Spyridopoulos, Helen M. Arthur Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
The Neuropeptide α-Melanocyte–Stimulating Hormone Prevents Persistent Corneal Edema following Injury
In this study, we investigate the efficacy of the neuropeptide α-melanocyte–stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in promoting endothelial regeneration during the critical window between ocular injury and the onset of endothelial decompensation using an established murine model of injury using transcorneal freezing. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 10, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Hamid Alemi, Shudan Wang, Tomas Blanco, Francesca Kahale, Rohan Bir Singh, Gustavo Ortiz, Aytan Musayeva, Erdem Yuksel, Kunpeng Pang, Neha Deshpande, Thomas H. Dohlman, Ula V. Jurkunas, Jia Yin, Reza Dana Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
The Neuropeptide alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ( α-MSH) Prevents Persistent Corneal Edema Following Injury
In this study, we investigate the efficacy of the neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone ( α-MSH) in promoting endothelial regeneration during the critical window between ocular injury and the onset of endothelial decompensation using an established murine model of injury using transcorneal freezing. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 10, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Hamid Alemi, Shudan Wang, Tomas Blanco, Francesca Kahale, Rohan Bir Singh, Gustavo Ortiz, Aytan Musayeva, Erdem Yuksel, Kunpeng Pang, Neha Deshpande, Thomas H. Dohlman, Ula V. Jurkunas, Jia Yin, Reza Dana Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Overexpression of Corin Ameliorates Kidney fibrosis through Inhibition of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling in Mice
The Wnt/ β-catenin pathway represents a promising therapeutic target for mitigating kidney fibrosis. Corin possesses the homologous ligand binding site (Frizzled-cysteine rich domain, Fz-CRD) similar to Frizzled proteins, which act as receptors for Wnt. The Fz-CRD has been found in eight different proteins, all of which, except for corin, are known to bind Wnt and regulate its signal transmission. It is hypothesized that corin may inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and thereby reduce fibrogenesis. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 10, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Xiaole Su, Sijia Li, Yanru Zhang, Xuan Tie, Rongrong Feng, Xiaojiao Guo, Xi Qiao, Lihua Wang Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Cell Plasticity in a Mouse Model of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Drives Amplification of Androgen-Independent Epithelial Cell Populations Sensitive to Antioxidant Therapy
Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is caused by the non-malignant enlargement of the transition zone of the prostate gland, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). While current medical treatments are unsatisfactory in many patients, the limited understanding of the mechanisms driving disease progression prevents the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. The probasin-prolactin (Pb-PRL) transgenic mouse recapitulates many histopathological features of human BPH. We here show that these alterations parallel urodynamic disturbance reminiscent of LUTS. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 10, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Le ïla DOS SANTOS, Francesco CARBONE, Emeline PACREAU, Sekou DIARRA, Marine LUKA, Natascha PIGAT, Manon BAURES, Emilie NAVARRO, Julien ANRACT, Nicolas BARRY DELONGCHAMPS, Nicolas CAGNARD, Frédéric BOST, Ivan NEMAZANYY, Olivier PETITJEAN, Ahmed HAMAÏ, Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
The Role of Endothelial Cells in Atherosclerosis
Endothelial cells (ECs) mediate several biological functions that are relevant to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD), regulating an array of vital processes including vascular tone, wound healing, reactive oxygen species, shear stress response, and inflammation. Although it is not yet known which of these functions is linked causally with CAD development and/or progression, genome-wide association studies have implicated more than 400 loci associated with CAD risk, among which several have shown EC-relevant functions. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 9, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Mark E. Pepin, Rajat Gupta Tags: Review Source Type: research
