Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 4 Promotes Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Pro-Angiogenesis of Endometrial Stromal Cells via Regulation of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Production in Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a common benign gynecologic condition. Endometriosis lesions are associated with endometrial cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and neovascularization, while the specific molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Transcriptome sequencing has been used for the identification of diagnostic markers in endometriosis. Here, transcriptome profiling revealed that kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4) expression was up-regulated in ectopic endometrium (EC) tissues of patients with endometriosis. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 31, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Jingwen Shi, Yue Qi, Yuanchen Sun, Ying Huang Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
Sleep Deprivation Impairs Intestinal Mucosal Barrier by Activating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Goblet Cells
Sleep deficiency is frequently associated with intestinal inflammatory conditions and has been increasingly recognized as a public health concern worldwide. However, the effects of sleep deficiency on intestinal goblet cells (GCs), which play a major role in intestinal barrier formation, remain elusive. Herein, we determined the effects of sleep deprivation on intestinal GCs using a sleep-deprivation mouse model. Sleep deprivation impaired the intestinal mucosal barrier and decreased the expression of tight junction proteins. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 31, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Gaoxiang Li, Mengru Gao, Shuangshuang Zhang, Tianliang Dai, Fei Wang, Jinke Geng, Jia Rao, Xuejia Qin, Jizhao Qian, Li Zuo, Meng Zhou, Lixin Liu, Hong Zhou Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
KLK4 promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and pro-angiogenesis of endometrial stromal cells via regulation of regulation of BDNF production in endometriosis
Endometriosis is a common benign gynecologic condition. Endometriosis lesions are associated with endometrial cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and neovascularization, while the specific molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Transcriptome sequencing has been used for the identification of diagnostic markers in endometriosis. Here, transcriptome profiling revealed that kallikrein related peptidase 4 (KLK4) expression was up-regulated in ectopic endometrium (EC) tissues of patients with endometriosis. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 31, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Jingwen Shi, Yue Qi, Yuanchen Sun, Ying Huang Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Phenotypic and Functional Diversity of Neutrophils in Gut Inflammation and Cancer
Neutrophils (PMNs) execute important effector functions protecting the host against invading pathogens, however their activity in tissue can exacerbate inflammation and inflammation-associated tissue injury and tumorigenesis. Until recently PMN were considered to be short-lived, terminally differentiated phagocytes, however this view is rapidly changing with the emerging evidence of increased PMN lifespan in tissues, PMN plasticity and phenotypic heterogeneity. Specialized PMN subsets have been identified in inflammation and in developing tumors consistent with both beneficial and detrimental functions of PMNs in these con...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 31, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Ronen Sumagin Tags: Award Lecture (Review) Source Type: research
Interleukin-6 reduces spheroid sizes of osteophytic cells derived from osteoarthritis knee joint via induction of apoptosis
Osteophyte in osteoarthritis (OA) joints contributes to restriction of joint movement, joint pain, and OA progression, but little is known about regulators of osteophyte. By examining the expression of the genes related to cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), endochondral ossification and growth factor-signaling in articular cartilage and osteophyte obtained from OA knee joints, we demonstrated that several genes such as COL1A1, VCAN, BGLAP, BMP8B, RUNX2, and SOST are overexpressed in osteophyte compared to articular cartilage. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 31, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Yoshifumi Negishi, Arepati Adili, Susana de Vega, Masahiro Momoeda, Haruka Kaneko, Mehmet Zeynel Cilek, Chiho Yoshinaga, Kazuaki Takafuji, Yuta Otsuka, Masayuki Shimoda, Takako Negishi-Koga, Muneaki Ishijima, Yasunori Okada Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
This Month in AJP
The effect of the two common manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) — hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance—on uterine spiral artery (SpA) remodelling is unclear. Using previously established rat models, Hu and Zhang et al (Am J Pathol, AJPA-D-23-00275) verified previous reports that the exposure to 5-dihydrotestosterone and insulin during pregnancy results in hyperandrogenism, insulin intolerance, and increased foetal mortality. Data confirmed previous findings and further suggest that perturbed uterine SpA remodelling, placental functionality, and placental senescence may result in higher pregnancy-rela...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 14, 2023 Category: Pathology Tags: This Month in AJP Source Type: research
Introducing the Ocular Pathobiology Topic Category in The American Journal of Pathology
Vision loss can affect people of all ages and poses an enormous global financial burden, with the annual global cost of productivity estimated to be US$411 billion. Globally, at least 2.2 billion people have a near or distance vision impairment (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blindness-and-visual-impairment, last accessed September 12, 2023). However, despite supporting statistics and the impairing effects of loss of vision on a patient's li fe, the diseases of the eye are not taught during the study of pathology in the majority of American medical schools. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 13, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Patricia A. D'Amore Tags: Guest editorial Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 13, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 13, 2023 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Defining the Functional Influence of Endothelial Cell –Expressed Oncogenic Activating Mutations on Vascular Morphogenesis and Capillary Assembly
We sought to define key molecules and signals controlling major steps in vascular morphogenesis, and how these signals regulate pericyte recruitment and pericyte-induced basement membrane deposition. The morphogenic impact of endothelial cell (EC) expression of activating mutants of kRas, Mek1, PIK3CA, Akt1, Rheb, Jak2, or Stat3 expression versus controls was evaluated, along with EC signaling events, pharmacologic inhibitor assays, and siRNA suppression experiments. We observe that primary stimulators of EC lumen formation include kRas, Akt1, and Mek1, whereas PIK3CA and Akt1 stimulate a specialized type of cystic lumen f...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 12, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Prisca K. Lin, Zheying Sun, George E. Davis Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
Defining the functional influence of endothelial cell-expressed oncogenic activating mutations on vascular morphogenesis and capillary assembly
We sought to define key molecules and signals controlling major steps in vascular morphogenesis, and how these signals regulate pericyte recruitment and pericyte-induced basement membrane deposition. The morphogenic impact of EC expression of activating mutants of kRas, Mek1, PIK3CA, Akt1, Rheb, Jak2, or Stat3 expression vs. controls was evaluated, along with EC signaling events, pharmacological inhibitor assays, and siRNA suppression experiments. We observe that primary stimulators of EC lumen formation include kRas, Akt1, and Mek1, while PIK3CA and Akt1 stimulate a specialized type of cystic lumen formation. (Source: Ame...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 12, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Prisca K. Lin, Zheying Sun, George E. Davis Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Exogenous Transforming Growth Factor- β1 and Its Helminth-Derived Mimic Attenuate the Heart's Inflammatory Response to Ischemic Injury and Reduce Mature Scar Size
Coronary reperfusion after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is standard therapy to salvage ischemic heart muscle. However, subsequent inflammatory responses within the infarct lead to further loss of viable myocardium. Transforming growth factor (TGF)- β1 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine released in response to tissue injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of TGF-β1 after MI. In patients with STEMI, there was a significant correlation (P = 0.003) between higher circulating TGF-β1 levels at 24 hours after MI and a reduction in infarct size after 3 months, suggesting...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Rachael E. Redgrave, Esha Singh, Simon Tual-Chalot, Catherine Park, Darroch Hall, Karim Bennaceur, Danielle J. Smyth, Rick M. Maizels, Ioakim Spyridopoulos, Helen M. Arthur Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
Exogenous Transforming Growth Factor- β1 and Its Mimic Heligmosomoides polygyrus TGM Attenuate the Heart's Inflammatory Response to Ischemic Injury and Reduce Mature Scar Size
Successful and timely coronary reperfusion after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is standard therapy to salvage ischemic heart muscle. However, subsequent inflammatory responses within the infarct lead to further loss of viable myocardium. Transforming growth factor (TGF)- β1 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine released endogenously in response to infection or tissue injury, and the goal of this study was to investigate its protective effects when given exogenously after MI. In patients with STEMI, we observed a significant correlation (P = 0.003) between higher circulating TGF-β1 levels at 24 hours...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Rachael E. Redgrave, Esha Singh, Simon Tual-Chalot, Catherine Park, Darroch Hall, Karim Bennaceur, Danielle J. Smyth, Rick M. Maizels, Ioakim Spyridopoulos, Helen M. Arthur Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
Elucidating the Role of PIK3CA in Early-Stage Bladder Tumorigenesis
More than 70% of bladder cancers are nonmuscle invasive bladder cancers.1 Despite the high prevalence of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancers, there are significant gaps in our understanding of the early stages of bladder tumorigenesis. A landmark study by Shuman et al2 addresses this critical knowledge gap, focusing on the role of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA)–activating mutations, identified across different stages of bladder cancer as one of the most prevalent oncogenic mutations. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Bishoy M. Faltas Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
DOCK2 promotes atherosclerosis by mediating the endothelial cell inflammatory response
This study aims to explore the role of dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient mice with DOCK2 deficiency (LDLR-/-DOCK2-/-) and control (LDLR-/-) mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce atherosclerosis. The aortas and aortic roots were collected for atherosclerosis analysis. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - October 11, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Guoqing Qian, Oluwaseun Adeyanju, Dunpeng Cai, Torry A. Tucker, Steven Idell, Shi-You Chen, Xia Guo Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
