The Unrecognized Role of Ninjurin 2 in Inflammation, Metabolism, and Pyroptosis
Ninjurin family proteins are a group of double transmembrane proteins that are up-regulated in both dorsal root ganglion neurons and Schwann cells following nerve injury.1,2 The nerve injury –induced protein 1 (ninjurin 1; NINJ1) and NINJ2 are two homologous ninjurin family proteins in human beings. NINJ1 and NINJ2 are located on different chromosomes and have different expression patterns. For instance, NINJ1 is ubiquitously expressed in various epithelial tissues, whereas NINJ2 show s high expression in hematopoietic and lymphatic tissues. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Juan Liu, Wenwei Hu, Zhaohui Feng Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
The Unrecognized Role of Ninjurin 2 in Inflammation, Metabolism and Pyroptosis
Ninjurin family proteins are a group of double transmembrane proteins that are upregulated both in dorsal root ganglion neurons and Schwann cells following nerve injury 1,2. The Nerve Injury Induced Protein 1 (Ninjurin 1; NINJ1) and NINJ2 are two homologous Ninjurin family proteins in human beings. NINJ1 and NINJ2 are located on different chromosomes and have different expression patterns. For instance, NINJ1 is ubiquitously expressed in various epithelial tissues whereas NINJ2 shows high expression in hematopoietic and lymphatic tissues 3,4. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Juan Liu, Wenwei Hu, Zhaohui Feng Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Ferroptosis contributes to microvascular dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy
Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Whether ferroptosis is involved in retinal microvascular dysfunction under diabetic condition is not known. The expression of ferroptosis related genes in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and in diabetic mice was determined with RT-qPCR. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), iron content, lipid peroxidation products, and ferroptosis-associated proteins in the cultured human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and in the retina of diabetic mice were examined. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Qun Liu, Chao-Qun Liu, Wan-Zhao Yi, Pei-Wen Ouyang, Bo-Fan Yang, Qi Liu, Jing-Min Liu, Ya-Ni Wu, Ai-Rong Liang, Yu-Hong Cui, Jing Meng, Xiu-Yun Li, Hong-Wei Pan Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Serine Supports Epithelial and Immune Cell Function in Colitis
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that are largely driven by immune cell activity, while mucosal healing is critical for remission. Serine is a non-essential amino acid that supports epithelial and immune cell metabolism and proliferation, however, whether these roles impact IBD pathogenesis is not well understood. Here, we show that serine synthesis increases selectively in the epithelial cells of colons from patients with IBD and murine models of colitis. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Ji Dong K. Bai, Suchandrima Saha, Michael Wood, Bo Chen, Jinyu Li, Lukas E. Dow, David C. Montrose Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Impaired hepatic VLDL secretion promotes tumorigenesis and is accelerated with Fabp1 deletion
Genetic polymorphisms that impair VLDL secretion are linked to hepatic steatosis, fibrosis and hepatocellular cancer (HCC). Liver-specific deletion of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (Mttp-LKO) impairs VLDL assembly, promoting hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, which are attenuated in Mttp-LKO X Fabp1 null (Fabp1/Mttp DKO) mice. Here we examine the impact of impaired VLDL secretion in Mttp-LKO mice on HCC incidence and progression in comparison to Fabp1/Mttp DKO mice. DEN treated Mttp-LKO mice exhibited steatosis with increased tumor burden compared to flox controls, while diethylnitrosamine (DEN)- treated Fabp1/Mttp...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Elizabeth P. Newberry, Elizabeth A. Molitor, Allen Liu, Kamyar Chong, Xiuli Liu, Cristina Alonso, Jose M. Mato, Nicholas O. Davidson Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Decreased proteasomal function exacerbates ER stress-induced chronic inflammation in obese adipose tissue
Low-grade chronic inflammation contributes to both aging and the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. White adipose tissue (WAT) in obese individuals exhibits chronic inflammation, which is associated with obesity-related disorders. Aging exacerbates obesity-related inflammation in WAT; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying chronic inflammation and its exacerbation by aging remain unclear. Age-related decline in activity of the proteasome, a multi-subunit proteolytic complex, has been implicated in age-related diseases. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Shimpei Nakagawa, Aya Fukui-Miyazaki, Takuma Yoshida, Yasushi Ishii, Eri Murata, Koji Taniguchi, Akihiro Ishizu, Masanori Kasahara, Utano Tomaru Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
REG γ mitigates radiation-induced enteritis by preserving mucin secretion and sustaining microbiome homeostasis
Radiation-induced enteritis, a significant concern in abdominal radiation therapy, is closely associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. The critical mucus layer plays a pivotal role in preventing the translocation of commensal and pathogenic microbes. While the significant expression of REG γ in intestinal epithelial cells is well established, its role in modulating mucus layer and gut microbiota remains enigmatic. Current study revealed notable changes in gut microorganisms and metabolites in irradiated mice lacking REGγ, as opposed to wild-type mice. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 27, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Xiangzhan Zhu, Ya Li, Xue Tian, Yiming Jing, Zimeng Wang, Lingling Yue, Jianhui Li, Ling Wu, Xinkui Zhou, Zhidan Yu, Yaodong Zhang, Fangxia Guan, Minglei Yang, Bianhong Zhang Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
The Role of miRNA and Long Noncoding RNA in Cholestatic Liver Diseases
Cholestatic liver diseases encompass a range of organic damages, metabolic disorders, and dysfunctions within the hepatobiliary system, arising from various pathogenic causes. These factors contribute to disruptions in bile production, secretion, and excretion. Cholestatic liver diseases can be classified into intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis, according to the location of occurrence. The etiology of cholestatic liver diseases is complex, and includes drugs, poisons, viruses, parasites, bacteria, autoimmune responses, tumors, and genetic metabolism. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 26, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Yudian Zhang, Ying Liu, Wen Huo, Longfei He, Bowen Li, Hui Wang, Fanyin Meng, Chenggang Duan, Bingru Zhou, Jinbo Wu, Rong Chen, Juan Xing, Ying Wan Tags: Review Source Type: research
The role of microRNA and long non-coding RNA in cholestatic liver diseases
Cholestatic liver diseases encompass a range of organic damages, metabolic disorders, and dysfunctions within the hepatobiliary system, arising from various pathogenic causes. These factors contribute to disruptions in bile production, secretion, and excretion. Cholestatic liver diseases can be classified into intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis according to the location of occurrence. The etiology of cholestatic liver diseases are complex, which include drugs, poisons, viruses, parasites, bacteria, autoimmune responses, tumors and genetic metabolism. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 26, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Yudian Zhang, Ying Liu, Wen Huo, Longfei He, Bowen Li, Hui Wang, Fanyin Meng, Chenggang Duan, Bingru Zhou, Jinbo Wu, Rong Chen, Juan Xing, Ying Wan Tags: Review Source Type: research
Metallothionein Alleviates Glutathione Depletion-Induced Oxidative Cardiomyopathy through CISD1-Dependent Regulation of Ferroptosis in Murine Hearts
This study was designed to discern the effect of heavy scavenger metallothionein on glutathione (GSH) deprivation-evoked cardiac anomalies and mechanisms involved with an emphasis on ferroptosis. WT and cardiac metallothionein transgenic mice received GSH synthase inhibitor buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, 30 mM in drinking water) for 14 days prior to assessment of myocardial morphology and function. BSO evoked cardiac remodeling and contractile anomalies including cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, enlarged left ventricular chambers, deranged ejection fraction, fraction shortening, cardiomyocyte contractile capacity,...
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 26, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Feng-Juan Li, Shouzhi Fu, Hua Ye, Yi-Han Hu, Jianxin Chen, Jamie R. Privratsky, Wei Yu, Feng Dong, Russel J. Reiter, Maolong Dong, Jun Guo, Jun Ren Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
Role of Platelet Activating Factor as a Mediator of Inflammatory Diseases and Preterm Delivery
Nearly 70% of preterm deliveries occur spontaneously, and the clinical pathways involved include preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Prediction of preterm delivery is considered crucial due to the significant effects of preterm birth on health and the economy at both the personal and community levels. Although similar inflammatory processes occur in both term and preterm delivery, the premature activation of these processes or exaggerated inflammatory response triggered by infection or sterile factors leads to preterm delivery. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 23, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Hanan Hamimi Wahid, Fatin Najihah Anahar, Nurul Husna Isahak, Juwairiyah Mohd Zoharodzi, Siti Nur Lina Mohammad Khoiri, Nurul Hayati Mohamad Zainal, Norhidayah Kamarudin, Hamizah Ismail, Mohammed Imad Al-Deen Mustafa Mahmud Tags: Review Source Type: research
The Role of Hyaluronan/Receptor for Hyaluronan-Mediated Motility Interactions in the Modulation of Macrophage Polarization and Cartilage Repair
This study shows an increased expression of RHAMM in proinflammatory macrophages. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 23, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Emilia Bianchini, Yun Jin Ashley Sin, You Jin Lee, Charles Lin, Utkarsh Anil, Cassie Hamill, Mary K. Cowman, Thorsten Kirsch Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
DNA Hypomethylation-Mediated Transcription Dysregulation Participates in Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly heterogeneous and genetically complex endocrine disorder. Although the etiology remains mostly elusive, growing evidence suggested abnormal changes of DNA methylation correlate well with systemic and tissue-specific dysfunctions in PCOS. A dehydroepiandrosterone-induced PCOS-like mouse model was generated, which has a similar metabolic and reproductive phenotype as human patients with PCOS, and was used to experimentally validate the potential role of aberrant DNA methylation in PCOS in this study. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 23, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Pengbo Cao, Haoran Li, Peijun Wang, Xinna Zhang, Yuxuan Guo, Keyu Zhao, Jiaojiao Guo, Xihe Li, Buhe Nashun Tags: Regular article Source Type: research
Role of Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) as a Mediator of Inflammatory Diseases and Preterm Delivery
Nearly 70% of preterm deliveries occur spontaneously, and the clinical pathways involved include preterm labor (PTL) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). Prediction of preterm delivery is considered crucial due to the significant effects of preterm birth on health and the economy at both the personal and community levels. Although similar inflammatory processes occur in both term and preterm delivery, the premature activation of these processes or exaggerated inflammatory response triggered by infection or sterile factors leads to preterm delivery. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 23, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Hanan Hamimi Wahid, Fatin Najihah Anahar, Nurul Husna Isahak, Juwairiyah Mohd Zoharodzi, Siti Nur Lina Mohammad Khoiri, Nurul Hayati Mohamad Zainal, Norhidayah Kamarudin, Hamizah Ismail, Mohammed Imad Al-Deen Mustafa Mahmud Tags: Review Source Type: research
The Role of Hyaluronan/RHAMM Interactions in the Modulation of Macrophage Polarization and Cartilage Repair
This study shows an increased expression of RHAMM in pro-inflammatory macrophages. (Source: American Journal of Pathology)
Source: American Journal of Pathology - February 23, 2024 Category: Pathology Authors: Emilia Bianchini, Yun Jin Ashley Sin, You Jin Lee, Charles Lin, Utkarsh Anil, Cassie Hamill, Mary K. Cowman, Thorsten Kirsch Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research
