Drugs for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Date: March 23, 2020
Issue #:
1594Summary:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder
characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and altered
bowel habits, often accompanied by bloating.IBS
is classified according to the predominant bowel
symptom as IBS with constipation (IBS-C), IBS with
diarrhea (IBS-D), mixed type (IBS-M), or unclassified
(IBS-U). Alterations in the microbiome, stress
responses, sensory and motor function of the gut,
and host genetic factors may be contributing factors.
Since the exact cause of IBS is unknown, the goal of
treatment is symptom control. (...
Source: The Medical Letter - February 21, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: admin Tags: Alosetron amitiza Amitriptyline anaspaz Antibacterials Antidepressants bentyl Celexa Cholestyramine Citalopram Colesevelam Colestid Colestipol Constipation Desipramine Diarrhea dicyclomine eluxadoline fluoxetine Hyosc Source Type: research
Evaluation of bronchodialatory and antimicrobial activities of Otostegia fruticosa: A multi-mechanistic approach
Publication date: Available online 31 January 2020Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical JournalAuthor(s): Mohd Nazam Ansari, Najeeb Ur Rehman, Aman Karim, Tiegsti Bahta, Khalil Y. Abujheisha, Syed Rizwan Ahamad, Faisal ImamAbstractOtostegia fruticosa, a plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae, is endemic to Ethiopia. In Ethiopian traditional medicine, O. fruticosa has been used for the treatment of several respiratory-related disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the bronchodilatory and antimicrobial activities of O. fruticosa leaves crude extract (Of.Cr). Ex-vivo experiments were conducted on guinea-pig trachea pro...
Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal - February 12, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Evaluation of Bronchodilator and antimicrobial activities of Otostegia fruticose: A multi-mechanistic approach
Publication date: Available online 31 January 2020Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical JournalAuthor(s): Mohd Nazam Ansari, Najeeb-ur Rehman, Aman Karim, Tiegsti Bahta, Khalil Y. Abujheisha, Syed Rizwan Ahamad, Faisal ImamAbstractOtostegia fruticose, a plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae, is endemic to Ethiopia. In Ethiopian traditional medicine, O. fruticose has been used for the treatment of several respiratory-related disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the bronchodilator and antimicrobial activities of O. fruticose leaves crude extract (Of.Cr). Ex-vivo experiments were conducted on guinea-pig trachea prov...
Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal - February 1, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Problematic dicyclomine use: A case report and narrative review.
Authors: Singh VV, Gupta S, Sarkar S, Chatterjee B
PMID: 31864128 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Asian Journal of Psychiatry)
Source: Asian Journal of Psychiatry - December 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Asian J Psychiatr Source Type: research
Prescription drug suicide in non-abusers: A 6-year forensic survey.
CONCLUSIONS: It is reassuring that the absolute number of prescription drug suicides in non-abusers was small; the findings, however, are important because they could serve as a baseline for assessing time trends in future studies. For the present, we suggest that prescription drugs of potential abuse, especially those containing opioids and antispasmodics, should be prescribed and dispensed judiciously, especially to youth.
PMID: 31374376 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Asian Journal of Psychiatry)
Source: Asian Journal of Psychiatry - August 4, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Asian J Psychiatr Source Type: research
Probable association of acute pancreatitis with dicyclomine.
Abstract
PMID: 30459133 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology - November 19, 2018 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Kaako A Tags: Turk J Gastroenterol Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 2734: A Metabolomic and HPLC-MS/MS Analysis of the Foliar Phenolics, Flavonoids and Coumarins of the Fraxinus Species Resistant and Susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer
-Zaid
The Emerald Ash Borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis, Fairmaire, an Asian invasive alien buprestid has devastated tens of millions of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in North America. Foliar phytochemicals of the genus Fraxinus (Oleaceae): Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Green ash), F. americana (White ash), F. profunda (Bush) Bush. (Pumpkin ash), F. quadrangulata Michx. (Blue ash), F. nigra Marsh. (Black ash) and F. mandshurica (Manchurian ash) were investigated using HPLC-MS/MS and untargeted metabolomics. HPLC-MS/MS help identified 26 compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids and coumarins in varying amounts. Hydroxycoumarins,...
Source: Molecules - October 23, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sohail S. Qazi Domenic A. Lombardo Mamdouh M. Abou-Zaid Tags: Article Source Type: research
Dietary modifications for infantile colic.
CONCLUSIONS: Currently, evidence of the effectiveness of dietary modifications for the treatment of infantile colic is sparse and at significant risk of bias. The few available studies had small sample sizes, and most had serious limitations. There were insufficient studies, thus limiting the use of meta-analysis. Benefits reported for hydrolysed formulas were inconsistent.Based on available evidence, we are unable to recommend any intervention. Future studies of single interventions, using clinically significant outcome measures, and appropriate design and power are needed.
PMID: 30306546 [PubMed - as supplied by ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - October 10, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gordon M, Biagioli E, Sorrenti M, Lingua C, Moja L, Banks SS, Ceratto S, Savino F Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Infantile Colic: An Update.
CONCLUSION: Counseling of parents about the benign nature of the condition is considered first line for now until an effective treatment is established. Other treatment options are prescribed on a case-based manner and parental perception of the condition.
PMID: 29941700 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Indian Pediatrics)
Source: Indian Pediatrics - June 13, 2018 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Sarasu JM, Narang M, Shah D Tags: Indian Pediatr Source Type: research
Exposure to far-infrared rays attenuates methamphetamine-induced recognition memory impairment via modulation of the muscarinic M1 receptor, Nrf2, and PKC
Publication date: June 2018 Source:Neurochemistry International, Volume 116 Author(s): Huynh Nhu Mai, Naveen Sharma, Eun-Joo Shin, Bao Trong Nguyen, Phuong Tram Nguyen, Ji Hoon Jeong, Choon-Gon Jang, Eun-Hee Cho, Seung-Yeol Nah, Nam Hun Kim, Toshitaka Nabeshima, Hyoung-Chun Kim We demonstrated that activation of protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ) and inactivation of the glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1)-dependent systems are critical for methamphetamine (MA)-induced recognition memory impairment. We also demonstrated that exposure to far-infrared rays (FIR) causes induction of the glutathione (GSH)-dependent system, i...
Source: Neurochemistry International - April 14, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Dual mechanisms of anti-muscarinic and Ca++ antagonistic activities to validate the folkloric uses of Cyperus niveus Retz. as antispasmodic and antidiarrheal
Conclusion This study shows the presence of antidiarrheal and spasmolytic activities in Cyperus niveus Retz. extract, mediated by dual blocking mechanisms of muscarinic receptors and Ca2+ channels. The results further indicate the presence of anti-emetic activity in Cn. Cr, which may be because of its anti-muscarinic potential. This study provides the scientific bases to the traditional use of Cn. Cr in diarrhea and emesis. Graphical abstract (Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - December 5, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Pharmacological Evaluation of Gut Modulatory and Bronchodilator Activities of Achyranthes aspera Linn.
This study suggests the presence of dose‐specific laxative and antidiarrheal effects in A. aspera, possibly mediated through cyproheptadine‐sensitive receptors and dual cholinergic and calcium channel blockade, respectively. The latter combination is also a suggested mechanism underlying its bronchodilator effect. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Phytotherapy Research)
Source: Phytotherapy Research - August 1, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hafiz Muhammad Abdur Rahman, Samra Bashir, Safur Rehman Mandukhail, Sohaib Huda, Anwarul Hassan Gilani Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Obalon Balloon System - Another Gastric Balloon for Weight Loss
Date: June 19, 2017
Issue #:
1523Summary:
The FDA has approved theObalon Balloon System
(Obalon), a swallowable intragastric gas-filled balloon
device, to facilitate weight loss in adults with a body
mass index (BMI) of 30-40 kg/m2 who have not been
able to lose weight through diet and exercise. Two
other gastric balloon devices,ReShape andOrbera,
were approved earlier. (Source: The Medical Letter)
Source: The Medical Letter - May 31, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: admin Tags: AspireAssist bentyl Bentylol dicyclomine Maestro Rechargeable System Obalon Balloon System ondansetron Orbera Proton pump inhibitors ReShape Weight loss Zofran Source Type: research
A pharmacological evidence for the presence of antihistaminic and anticholinergic activities in Equisetum debile Roxb
Conclusion: Study provides pharmacological evidence for the presence of antihistaminic and anticholinergic activities in crude extracts of E. debile and also highlight its medicinal significance in the management of airway and gastrointestinal disorders. (Source: Indian Journal of Pharmacology)
Source: Indian Journal of Pharmacology - February 26, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shahrukh Ali Muhammad Ovais Omer Mueen Ahmad Chaudhry Muhammad Ashraf Allah Bukhsh Source Type: research
M1 muscarinic receptors are necessary for retrieval of remote context fear memory
Publication date: Available online 7 December 2016 Source:Physiology & Behavior Author(s): Rafael Rodisanski Patricio, Juliana Carlota Kramer Soares, Maria Gabriela Menezes Oliveira Several studies have investigated the transition of consolidation of recent memory to remote memory in aversively motivated tasks, such as contextual fear conditioning (CFC) and inhibitory avoidance (IA). However, the mechanisms that serve the retrieval of remote memories, has not yet been fully understood. Some evidences suggest that the central cholinergic system appears be involved in the modulation of these processes. Therefore...
Source: Physiology and Behavior - December 6, 2016 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
