Clinical course of a critically ill patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
AbstractAlthough several studies have reported on the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), clinical course of the most severe cases requiring treatment in ICU have been insufficiently reported. A 73-year-old man traveling on a cruise ship with history of hypertension and dyslipidemia developed high fever, dyspnea and cough after 7 days of steroid treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in sputa polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination. His respiratory function deteriorated despite treat...
Source: Journal of Artificial Organs - June 15, 2020 Category: Transplant Surgery Source Type: research
Interferon beta-1b for COVID-19
Publication date: Available online 10 May 2020Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Sarah Shalhoub (Source: The Lancet)
Source: The Lancet - May 12, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir–ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial
Publication date: Available online 10 May 2020Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung, Kwok-Cheung Lung, Eugene Yuk-Keung Tso, Raymond Liu, Tom Wai-Hin Chung, Man-Yee Chu, Yuk-Yung Ng, Jenny Lo, Jacky Chan, Anthony Raymond Tam, Hoi-Ping Shum, Veronica Chan, Alan Ka-Lun Wu, Kit-Man Sin, Wai-Shing Leung, Wai-Lam Law, David Christopher Lung, Simon Sin, Pauline Yeung, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip (Source: The Lancet)
Source: The Lancet - May 12, 2020 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Triggered by Interferon Beta-1b Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis: Four Case Reports and a Literature Review.
Abstract
In this paper, we reported on four cases of severe pulmonary active tuberculosis in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing interferon beta-1b (IFNβ-1b) therapy. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in MS may increase the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) due to their impact on cellular immunity. Screening for latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI) should be performed, not only for the newer DMTs (alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab) but also for IFNβ-1b, alongside better supervision of these patients.
PMID: 32344653 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Medicina (Kaunas))
Source: Medicina (Kaunas) - April 23, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Sirbu CA, Dantes E, Plesa CF, Docu Axelerad A, Ghinescu MC Tags: Medicina (Kaunas) Source Type: research
The importance of considering differences in study and patient characteristics before undertaking indirect treatment comparisons: a case study of siponimod for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
Conclusions. This study highlights the importance of conducting a detailed feasibility assessment before undertaking ITCs to illuminate when excessive between-trial heterogeneity would cause biased results. MAIC was performed for siponimod and IFN ß-1b in the absence of a head-to-head trial and was considered a more valid approach than a traditional ITC to examine comparative effectiveness.
PMID: 32216597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Medical Research and Opinion)
Source: Current Medical Research and Opinion - March 29, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Curr Med Res Opin Source Type: research
Disease modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: cost-effectiveness systematic review.
CONCLUSIONS: The present paper shows that cost-effectiveness studies have high levels of methodological variability, some of them reaching contradictory results. As a result, it is not possible to determine which disease- modifying therapy is really cost-effective in the context of relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis.
PMID: 32452318 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Farmacia Hospitalaria)
Source: Farmacia Hospitalaria - February 29, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Navarro CE, Ordóñez-Callamand E, Alzate JP Tags: Farm Hosp Source Type: research
Evaluation of clinical prognostic factors in Polish interferon beta-1b treated multiple sclerosis patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Rio, modified Rio, early NEDA on treatment and BREMSO score are relatively specific, but insensitive, predictors of relapse activity in the first years of IFNβ-1b treatment. Higher pre-treatment EDSS and relapse activity is associated with disability progression, but not overall NEDA, in subsequent observation. While none of the markers is sufficiently sensitive or specific to make a certain prognosis, they may aid treatment decisions in patients with continued early disease activity.
PMID: 31793659 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska)
Source: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska - December 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Pietrzak A, Kalinowska-Łyszczarz A, Kozubski W, Michalak S Tags: Neurol Neurochir Pol Source Type: research
Addressing the Rising Prices of Disease-Modifying Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis
In 1993, the first disease modifying-therapy (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS), interferon beta-1b, was approved, and an untreatable disease that had disabled humans for hundreds of years became treatable. Since then, multiple drugs with varying mechanisms of action have been approved, and neurologists now have a palette of therapies that allows for individualizing therapy and effectively controlling relapsing MS in most patients. Regrettably, this achievement has come at a steep price. Interferon beta-1b entered the market with an annual price of approximately $10 920 ($19 313, inflation adjusted). While this price s...
Source: JAMA Neurology - August 26, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Functional Deimmunization of Interferon Beta-1b by Identifying and Silencing Human T Cells Epitopes.
Abstract
Interferonbeta-1b (IFNβ-1b) developed as therapeutic protein for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Studies have been shown that Long-term usage of this protein can lead to the development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) and this phenomenon cause total loss or reduced efficacy of IFNβ-1b. The aim of this study was to predict and silence IFNβ-1b T-cells epitopes by in silico methods and genetic engineering. Based on bioinformatics studies we identified optimal sets of conservative point mutations for eliminating T-cells epitopes in IFNβ-1b protein. Four synthetic genes with desirable muta...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - August 16, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Moradi Hasan-Abad A, Adabi E, Sadroddiny E, Khorramizadeh MR, Mazlomi MA, Mehravar S, Kardar GA Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research
Drug Holiday of Interferon Beta 1b in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot, Randomized, Single Blind Study of Non-inferiority
Conclusions: A calendar with CW was non-inferior than FR at the beginning of IFN-b therapy, and may not affect the long-term outcome.
Clinicaltrial.gov identifiers: NCT00270816 (Source: Frontiers in Neurology)
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Immunological Aspects of Approved MS Therapeutics
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurological immune-mediated disease leading to disability in young adults. The disease’s course is unpredictable, and over time, neurological disabilities accumulate. Interferon beta-1b was the first drug to be approved in the 1990s for relapsing-remitting MS to modulate the disease’s course. Over the past two decades, the disease’s treatment landscape has changed tremendously. Currently, more than a dozen drugs representing 10 substances with different mechanisms of action have been approved (interferon beta preparations, glatiramer acetate, fingolimod, siponimod, mitoxant...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Thalamic Atrophy Without Whole Brain Atrophy Is Associated With Absence of 2-Year NEDA in Multiple Sclerosis
Conclusion: Patients with isolated thalamic atrophy were at a higher risk for not reaching 2-year NEDA-3 and for EDSS increase than patients with no identified brain atrophy. The groups were clinically indistinguishable. A single measurement of thalamic and whole brain atrophy could help identify patients needing most effective therapies from early on.
Introduction
The quantification of brain atrophy by MRI has become an increasingly important part of evaluating neurodegeneration in MS (1, 2). Atrophy measures can reflect the damage on the central nervous system (CNS) caused by the pathological processes of the dis...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Multiplexed Gene Expression as a Characterization of Bioactivity for Interferon Beta (IFN- β) Biosimilar Candidates: Impact of Innate Immune Response Modulating Impurities (IIRMIs)
AbstractRecombinant human interferon- β (rhIFN-β) therapy is the first-line treatment in relapsing-remitting forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The mechanism of action underlying its therapeutic activity is only partially understood as IFN-βs induce the expression of over 1000 genes modifying multiple immune pathways. Currently, asses sment of potency for IFN-β products is based on their antiviral effect, which is not linked to its therapeutic effect. Here, we explore the use of a multiplexed gene expression system to more broadly characterize IFN-β bioactivity. We find that MM6 cells stimulated with US-licensed rhIFN-...
Source: The AAPS Journal - February 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Modulating acute neuroinflammation in intracerebral hemorrhage: the potential promise of currently approved medications for multiple sclerosis.
Authors: Napier J, Rose L, Adeoye O, Hooker E, Walsh KB
Abstract
The secondary inflammatory injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) results in increased morbidity and mortality. White blood cells have been implicated as critical mediators of this inflammatory injury. Currently, no medications have been clinically proven to ameliorate or beneficially modulate inflammation, or to improve outcomes by any mechanism, following ICH. However, other neuroinflammatory conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, have approved pharmacologic therapies that modulate the inflammatory response and minimize the damage...
Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology - February 2, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol Source Type: research
Cost-effectiveness of Teriflunomide Compared to Interferon Beta-1b for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients in China
ConclusionTeriflunomide is a cost-effective therapy over a lifetime time horizon compared to interferon beta-1b in the treatment of RMS patients in China. Results should be interpreted with caution as head-to-head comparisons are not available. (Source: Clinical Drug Investigation)
Source: Clinical Drug Investigation - January 25, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
