Determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in young people: Maternal, neonatal, and adolescent factors
This study is part of the Early Vascular Ageing in the YOUth study, a single-center cross-sectional study conducted in western Austria. Maternal and neonatal factors were extracted from the mother-child booklet, adolescent factors were evaluated by a face-to-face interview, physical examination, and fasting blood analyses. Liver fat content was assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) using signals acquired by FibroScan® (Echosense, Paris, France). The association of maternal, neonatal, and adolescent factors with CAP values was analyzed using linear regression models. ResultsIn total, 595 adolescents (27.2% mal...
Source: PLoS One - February 22, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Johannes Nairz Source Type: research
Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of high-dose rate brachytherapy for radiorecurrent prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionHDR-BT has a high safety profile and good RFS benefit for salvage treatment of radiorecurrent prostate cancer. In terms of RFS, whole-gland irradiation with multiple fractions seems to be better than focal gland irradiation with fewer fractions, while short TRS and younger age are good prognostic factors. In v iew of the low level of evidence in the included studies and the large heterogeneity of each study, these conclusions still need to be confirmed by randomized controlled trials. (Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie)
Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie - February 22, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Comparison of body mass index and fat mass index to classify body composition in adolescents —The EVA4YOU study
Conclusion: Classification of normal or pathologic body composition based on BMI and FMI shows good accordance in the clearly normal or pathologic range. In an intermediate range, FMI reclassifies categories based on BMI in more than a quarter of adolescents. Cut-off values to differentiate normal from pathol ogic FMI values on a biological basis are needed.Trial registration: The study is registered atwww.clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04598685; Date of registration: October 22, 2020).What is Known:• Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with major ris...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - February 22, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of high-dose rate brachytherapy for radiorecurrent prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionHDR-BT has a high safety profile and good RFS benefit for salvage treatment of radiorecurrent prostate cancer. In terms of RFS, whole-gland irradiation with multiple fractions seems to be better than focal gland irradiation with fewer fractions, while short TRS and younger age are good prognostic factors. In v iew of the low level of evidence in the included studies and the large heterogeneity of each study, these conclusions still need to be confirmed by randomized controlled trials. (Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie)
Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie - February 22, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Involving patients in drug development for Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs): A qualitative study exploring and incorporating preferences of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis into Target Product Profile development
Conclusions/SignificanceNTDs affect disadvantaged populations, often with little access to health systems. Engaging patients in designing adapted therapies could significantly contribute to the suitability of an intervention to a specific context and to compliance, by tailoring the product to the end-users ’ needs. This exploratory study identified preferences in a broad international patient spectrum. It provides methodological guidance on how patients can be meaningfully involved as stakeholders in the construction of a TPP of therapeutics for NTDs. CL is used as an exemplar, but the approach can be adapted for other N...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - February 21, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Mar ía del Mar Castro Source Type: research
Lower baseline testosterone level is related to earlier development of castration resistance in metastatic prostate cancer: a multi-center cohort study
ConclusionsLower pre-treatment testosterone level is correlated to shorter time-to-castration resistance and worse survival in metastatic prostate cancer patients without upfront combination therapy. Those with low baseline testosterone should be encouraged to adopt combination therapy to delay progression. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - February 20, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Operation-specific risk of postoperative nausea: a cross-sectional study comparing 72 procedures
Conclusions
The risk of postoperative nausea varies considerably between surgical procedures. Patients undergoing certain types of operation should receive special attention and targeted prevention strategies. Adding these findings to known predictive tools may raise awareness of the still unacceptably high incidence of nausea in certain patient groups. This may help to further reduce the prevalence of nausea.
Trial registration number
DRKS00006153; German Clinical Trials Register; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00006153 (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - February 20, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Komann, M., Rabe, Y., Lehmann, T., Dreiling, J., Weinmann, C., Kranke, P., Meissner, W. Tags: Open access, Anaesthesia Source Type: research
Feasibility of Remote Physiologic Monitoring (RPM) in Geriatric Psychiatry Clinic Patients
In the context of a pandemic-catalyzed movement to home-based healthcare, remote physiologic monitoring (RPM) is more actively emerging as a key tool, including in older patients. However, to our knowledge, limited information is available regarding RPM use in geriatric psychiatry patients. (Source: The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry)
Source: The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry - February 18, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Blaine Greenwald, Amir Nikzad, Jamie Scott, Rehana Haque, Sukriti Mittal, Aninditha Vengassery, Bienvenida Austria, Yogita Rahaman, Kathryn Mertz, Avy Ronay Tags: Poster # NR56 Source Type: research
Exploring the potential of learning methods and recurrent dynamic model with vaccination: A comparative case study of COVID-19 in Austria, Brazil, and China
This article presents the development of an innovative hybrid model, known as the Combined Dynamic-Learning Model, that integrates classical recurrent dynamic models with four different learning methods. The model is composed of two approaches: The first approach introduces a traditional dynamic model that focuses on analyzing the impact of vaccination on the occurrence of an epidemic, and the second approach employs various learning methods to forecast the potential outcomes of an epidemic. Furthermore, our numerical results offer an interesting comparison between the traditional approach and modern learning techniques. O...
Source: Health Physics - February 17, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Seyed Ali Rakhshan Marzie Zaj Fatemeh Helen Ghane Mahdi Soltani Nejad Source Type: research
Nightmare frequency is a risk factor for suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic
This study aimed to investigate changes in NMF, SI, and their association during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in 16 countries using a harmonised questionnaire. The sample included 9328 individuals (4848 women; age M[SD] = 46.85 [17.75] years), and 17.60% reported previous COVID-19. Overall, SI was significantly 2% lower during the pandemic vs. before, and this was consistent across genders and ages. Most countries/regions demonstrated decreases in SI during this pandemic, with Austria (-9.57%), Sweden (-6.18%), and Bulgaria (-5.14%) exhibiting significant declines in SI, but Italy (1.45%) and Portugal (2.45%)...
Source: Journal of Sleep Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Courtney J Bolstad Brigitte Holzinger Serena Scarpelli Luigi De Gennaro Juliana Yordanova Silvia Koumanova S érgio Mota-Rolim Christian Benedict Bj ørn Bjorvatn Ngan Yin Chan Frances Chung Yves Dauvilliers Colin A Espie Yuichi Inoue Maria Korman Adrijan Source Type: research
Exploring the potential of learning methods and recurrent dynamic model with vaccination: A comparative case study of COVID-19 in Austria, Brazil, and China
This article presents the development of an innovative hybrid model, known as the Combined Dynamic-Learning Model, that integrates classical recurrent dynamic models with four different learning methods. The model is composed of two approaches: The first approach introduces a traditional dynamic model that focuses on analyzing the impact of vaccination on the occurrence of an epidemic, and the second approach employs various learning methods to forecast the potential outcomes of an epidemic. Furthermore, our numerical results offer an interesting comparison between the traditional approach and modern learning techniques. O...
Source: Health Physics - February 17, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Seyed Ali Rakhshan Marzie Zaj Fatemeh Helen Ghane Mahdi Soltani Nejad Source Type: research
Nightmare frequency is a risk factor for suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic
This study aimed to investigate changes in NMF, SI, and their association during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in 16 countries using a harmonised questionnaire. The sample included 9328 individuals (4848 women; age M[SD] = 46.85 [17.75] years), and 17.60% reported previous COVID-19. Overall, SI was significantly 2% lower during the pandemic vs. before, and this was consistent across genders and ages. Most countries/regions demonstrated decreases in SI during this pandemic, with Austria (-9.57%), Sweden (-6.18%), and Bulgaria (-5.14%) exhibiting significant declines in SI, but Italy (1.45%) and Portugal (2.45%)...
Source: Journal of Sleep Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Courtney J Bolstad Brigitte Holzinger Serena Scarpelli Luigi De Gennaro Juliana Yordanova Silvia Koumanova S érgio Mota-Rolim Christian Benedict Bj ørn Bjorvatn Ngan Yin Chan Frances Chung Yves Dauvilliers Colin A Espie Yuichi Inoue Maria Korman Adrijan Source Type: research
Whole blood RNA signatures in tuberculosis patients receiving H56:IC31 vaccine as adjunctive therapy
DiscussionOur data report gene expression patterns following H56:IC31 vaccination which might be interpreted as a lower risk of relapse in therapeutically vaccinated patients. Further studies are needed to conclude if these gene expression patterns could be used as prognostic biosignatures for therapeutic TB vaccine responses. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 16, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Long-term impact of resilience and extraversion on psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal investigation among individuals with and without mental health disorders
ConclusionNext to showing that people with MHD were particularly affected by the pandemic, these findings indicate that higher degrees of resilience and extraversion are related to less long-term psychological distress. Our findings stress the relevance of strengthening resilience and extraversion and to provide mental health support in times of crises, both to patients with MHD and the general population. (Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry)
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - February 15, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
