Combination of tenofovir and emtricitabine with efavirenz does not moderate inhibitory effect of efavirenz on mitochondrial function and cholesterol biosynthesis in human T lymphoblastoid cell line.
Abstract
Efavirenz (EFV), the most popular non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in most in vitro studies. However, in real life the prevalence of EFV-induced mitochondrial toxicity is relatively low. We hypothesized that the agents given in combination with EFV might moderate the effect of EFV on mitochondrial function. To test this hypothesis, we cultured human T lymphoblastoid cell line (CEM cells) with EFV alone and in combination with emtricitabine (FTC) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to investigate the effects on mitochondrial resp...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - July 16, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Li M, Sopeyin A, Paintsil E Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research
Implementation of the Electronic Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (eC-SSRS ™) Across Four Phase IIIB Clinical Trials in HIV-Infected Individuals (ARIA, STRIIVING, DAWNING and INSPIRING)
Conclusion: Results of the eC-SSRS from ARIA and STRIIVING were consistent with the clinical data. The eC-SSRS identified previous unreported risk for suicidality and provided physicians opportunity for follow-up. Respondents felt the eC-SSRS helps them manage suicide risk, and they reported that its administration became easier with experience. Thus, the eC-SSRS is considered a useful tool in this setting.
Keywords: dolutegravir, HIV-1, integrase inhibitor, eC-SSRS, suicide risk assessment
Innov Clin Neurosci. 2018;15(7–8):15–19
Apart from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - July 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Chris Moccia Tags: Current Issue Original Research Suicidality dolutegravir eC-SSRS HIV-1 integrase inhibitor suicide risk assessment Source Type: research
Day-On, Day-Off emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and efavirenz single tablet regimen (DODO) as maintenance therapy in HIV-infected patients.
In conclusion, 48-week DODO administration of the fixed dose FTC/TDF/EFV STR combination was safe and effective in maintaining HIV viral replication below the detection limit in a selected group of HIV-1-infected individuals.
PMID: 29932084 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Infezioni in Medicina)
Source: Infezioni in Medicina - June 24, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Infez Med Source Type: research
Accumulated Pre-Switch Resistance to More Recently Introduced One-Pill-Once-a-Day Antiretroviral Regimens Impacts HIV-1 Virologic Outcome
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is a major challenge to sustained virologic suppression [1]. Atripla (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), emtricitabine, efavirenz), the first one-pill-once-a-day (OPOD) regimen, has appealed to providers and patients since 2006, with improved ease of use and virologic suppression compared to multi-pill regimens [2 –8]. Complera (rilpivirine, TDF, emtricitabine) and Stribild (elvitegravir, cobicistat, TDF, emtricitabine) became additional OPOD options in 2011 and 2012 [9,10], addressing Atripla’s limitations, mostly side-effects, teratogenicity concerns, and low genetic resistanc...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - May 21, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Rebecca Reece, Allison Delong, D ’Antuono Matthew, Karen Tashima, Rami Kantor Source Type: research
3D Printed, Controlled Release, Tritherapeutic Tablet Matrix for Advanced Anti-HIV-1 Drug Delivery.
CONCLUSION: A 3DP FDC was successfully manufactured with the aid of a 3D-Bioplotter in a single step process. The versatile HA-PQ10 entrapped all drugs and achieved an enhanced relative bioavailability of EFV, TDF, and FTC compared to the market formulation for potentially enhanced HIV treatment.
PMID: 29655904 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics)
Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics - April 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Siyawamwaya M, du Toit LC, Kumar P, Choonara YE, Kondiah PPPD, Pillay V Tags: Eur J Pharm Biopharm Source Type: research
Brief Report: Tenofovir-Associated Nephrotoxicity Among a US National Historical Cohort of HIV-Infected Veterans Risk Modification by Concomitant Antiretrovirals
Background:
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with renal complications. The third agent in TDF-containing antiretroviral regimens may modify that risk. We compared renal adverse outcomes among treatment-naive HIV-infected patients initiating TDF-containing regimens including efavirenz (EFV) or other agents.
Setting:
This population-based historical cohort study used national Veterans Health Administration (VHA) clinical and administrative data sets to identify treatment-naive HIV-infected veterans initiating antiretroviral therapy with TDF/emtricitabine (FTC) + EFV, rilpivirine (RPV), elvitegravi...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - February 10, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research
Brief Report: Weight Gain in Persons With HIV Switched From Efavirenz-Based to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor–Based Regimens
Conclusion:
Adults living with HIV with viral suppression gained significantly more weight after switching from daily, fixed-dose EFV/TDF/FTC to an INSTI-based regimen compared with those remaining on EFV/TDF/FTC. This weight gain was greatest among patients switching to DTG/ABC/3TC. (Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes)
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 15, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research
Moderate levels of preantiretroviral therapy drug resistance in a generalized epidemic: time for better first-line ART?
Conclusion:An increase to the current moderate PDR levels and the better tolerability and durability, may support a recent drive to avail FDC integrase strand transfer inhibitor (ISTI)-based regimens as the new preferred first-line ART in the Southern African region for individual benefit and to contribute to limiting transmission of infection and drug resistant virus. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - October 27, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science: Concise Communication Source Type: research
An Economic Evaluation Of Single Tablet Regimens Of Antiretroviral Therapy For Treatment-Naitve Hiv-Infected Patients
The objective of this study is to perform a cost-utility analysis of STR using a decision model to assess the cost-effectiveness of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine/rilpivirine (TDF/FTC/RPV) compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine/efavirenz (TDF/FTC/EFV) for asymptomatic, treatment-na ïve HIV-infected patients. (Source: Value in Health)
Source: Value in Health - October 1, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: C Chou, F Terris-Prestholt, A Miners Source Type: research
Multiple Sclerosis and Subsequent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: A Case with the Rare Comorbidity, Focus on Novel Treatment Issues and Review of the Literature
Conclusion: This fact, in combination with the unique pharmaceutical composition of the drug, which contains a component similar to a newly-approved agent for MS, dimethyl fumarate, prompted us to review the literature regarding this rare comorbidity and to suggest that the role of the antiretroviral therapy should be further explored in MS. (Source: In Vivo)
Source: In Vivo - September 7, 2017 Category: Research Authors: SKARLIS, C., GONTIKA, M., KATSAVOS, S., VELONAKIS, G., TOULAS, P., ANAGNOSTOULI, M. Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research
DRIVE-AHEAD: Once-Daily Doravirine/Lamivudine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Noninferior to Efavirenz/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Treatment-Naive Patients
Conference Capsule - In addition to demonstrating comparable efficacy, DOR/3TC/TDF produced significantly fewer neuropsychiatric AEs and had a more favorable impact on fasting lipid levels in comparison with EFV/FTC/TDF. (Source: Clinical Care Options HIV)
Source: Clinical Care Options HIV - July 27, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Efficacy and Tolerability of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Based Regimen as Compared to Zidovudine Based Regimens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
CONCLUSION: The use of TDF/FTC/EFV as first line regimen for naïve HIV-1 infected adult patient showed superior viral load suppression and tolerability as compared to ZDV/3TC/EFV. In order to compare the death outcome of both ZDV/3TC/EFV and TDF/FTC/EFV further research is needed.
PMID: 28638661 [PubMed] (Source: AIDS Research and Treatment)
Source: AIDS Research and Treatment - June 25, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: AIDS Res Treat Source Type: research
Efficacy and safety of a once-daily single-tablet regimen of tenofovir, lamivudine, and efavirenz assessed at 144 weeks among antiretroviral-na ïve and experienced HIV-1-infected Thai adults
Since it is currently not possible to completely eradicate HIV, the long-term use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is necessary for life-long viral suppression and to prevent HIV disease progression. Therefore, a potent, non-toxic, and easy to take first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen is particularly important. Although most international treatment guidelines for HIV infection recommend the use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)/FTC plus an integrase inhibitor, recent World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines from 2016 continue to recommend TDF/...
Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases - June 13, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Anchalee Avihingsanon, Wirach Maek-a-nantawat, Sivaporn Gatechompol, Vorapot Sapsirisavat, Wanida Thiansanguankul, Jiratchaya Sophonphan, Narujakorn Thammajaruk, Sasiwimol Ubolyam, David M. Burger, Kiat Ruxrungtham Source Type: research
Antiretroviral dose optimization: the future of efavirenz 400 mg dosing
Purpose of review: Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy costs in low-income and middle-income countries are major concerns, and lower doses of first-line treatment components, when possible, would save millions of dollars, which could be used to treat more people living with HIV.
Recent findings: The Encore-1 study, followed by a detailed pharmacokinetic analysis of efavirenz 400 versus 600 mg once daily, produced enough information for the most recent ARV treatment WHO guidelines to include efavirenz 400 mg among agents used for first-line treatment. However, data on efavirenz 400 mg plasma concentrations during pregnancy ...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - June 2, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: TOWARDS A UNIVERSAL ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMEN: Edited by Charles W. Flexner, Willem D.F. Venter, and Polly Clayden Source Type: research
Acute Kidney Injury After Efavirenz/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine (Atripla) Overdose
We describe a patient with acute renal failure and irreversible kidney damage after an overdose with the fixed dose combination of efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (Atripla). The acute kidney injury was most probably caused by tenofovir. Efavirenz and emtricitabine seemed relatively safe in overdose. The pharmacokinetics in overdose of all 3 drugs and the effect of hemodialysis on the tenofovir clearance were studied by measuring the plasma concentrations and by the use of clinical pharmacokinetic software. (Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring)
Source: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - March 11, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Grand Round Source Type: research
