IJERPH, Vol. 16, Pages 3415: NAFLD and Extra-Hepatic Comorbidities: Current Evidence on a Multi-Organ Metabolic Syndrome
IJERPH, Vol. 16, Pages 3415: NAFLD and Extra-Hepatic Comorbidities: Current Evidence on a Multi-Organ Metabolic Syndrome
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183415
Authors:
Valerio Rosato
Mario Masarone
Marcello Dallio
Alessandro Federico
Andrea Aglitti
Marcello Persico
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and its incidence is definitely increasing. NAFLD is a metabolic disease with extensive multi-organ involvement, whose extra-hepatic manifestations include type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Recently, further evidence has given attention to pathological correlations not strictly related to metabolic disease, also incorporating in this broad spectrum of systemic involvement hypothyroidism, psoriasis, male sexual dysfunction, periodontitis, and urolithiasis. The most common cause of mortality in NAFLD is represented by cardiovascular disease, followed by liver-related complications. Therefore, clinicians should learn to screen and initiate treatment for these extra-hepatic manifestations, in order to provide appropriate multidisciplinary assessments and rigorous surveillance. This review evaluates the current evidence regarding extra-hepatic associations of NAFLD, focusing on the pathogenic hypothesis and the clinical implications.
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - Category: Environmental Health Authors: Valerio Rosato Mario Masarone Marcello Dallio Alessandro Federico Andrea Aglitti Marcello Persico Tags: Review Source Type: research
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