Metabolic syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: the connection.

Metabolic syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: the connection. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2019 May 16;: Authors: Mok CC Abstract INTRODUCTION: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is now recognized as a chronic proinflammatory and prothrombotic state that aggravates insulin resistance, oxidative injury and cardiovascular risk. MetS is more prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototype of systemic autoimmune disease associated with premature atherosclerosis that cannot be accounted by traditional vascular risk factors alone. Dysregulation of the cytokines and adipokines is a common feature in both SLE and MetS, suggesting a complex relationship among autoimmunity, obesity, inflammation and atherosclerosis. Areas covered: This review summarizes the prevalence of MetS and its effect on cardiovascular outcome and organ damage in patients with SLE. The pathophysiology of MetS and its relevance to SLE is also briefly discussed. Expert opinion: Imbalance of adipokine production in MetS contributes to inflammation and atherosclerosis. MetS predisposes SLE patients to new cardiovascular events and vascular mortality, as well as the development of chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. However, conflicting results have been reported in the literature regarding the levels of the proinflammatory leptin and anti-inflammatory adiponectin, and their relationship with disease activity in SLE patients. While lifestyle...
Source: Expert Review of Clinical Immunology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Expert Rev Clin Immunol Source Type: research