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The neurobiology of interoception and affect
Trends Cogn Sci. 2024 Feb 22:S1364-6613(24)00009-3. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.01.009. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTScholars have argued for centuries that affective states involve interoception, or representations of the state of the body. Yet, we lack a mechanistic understanding of how signals from the body are transduced, transmitted, compressed, and integrated by the brains of humans to produce affective states. We suggest that to understand how the body contributes to affect, we first need to understand information flow through the nervous system's interoceptive pathways. We outline such a model and discuss how unique ...
Source: Trends Cogn Sci - February 23, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M J Feldman E Bliss-Moreau K A Lindquist Source Type: research

Common and distinct neural mechanisms of attention
Trends Cogn Sci. 2024 Feb 22:S1364-6613(24)00005-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.01.005. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDespite a constant deluge of sensory stimulation, only a fraction of it is used to guide behavior. This selective processing is generally referred to as attention, and much research has focused on the neural mechanisms controlling it. Recently, research has broadened to include more ways by which different species selectively process sensory information, whether due to the sensory input itself or to different behavioral and brain states. This work has produced a complex and disjointed body of evidence across d...
Source: Trends Cogn Sci - February 22, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ruobing Xia Xiaomo Chen Tatiana A Engel Tirin Moore Source Type: research

Improving intergroup relations with meta-perception correction interventions
Trends Cogn Sci. 2024 Feb 19:S1364-6613(24)00008-1. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.01.008. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe explore meta-perceptions (i.e., what we think others think about reality), their impact on intergroup conflict, and the interventions correcting these often-erroneous perceptions. We introduce a two (direct or indirect) by two (with or without framing) framework classifying these interventions, and we critically assess the benefits and constraints of these approaches.PMID:38378379 | DOI:10.1016/j.tics.2024.01.008 (Source: Trends Cogn Sci)
Source: Trends Cogn Sci - February 20, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Samantha L Moore-Berg Boaz Hameiri Source Type: research

Efficacy and safety of combined deep brain stimulation with capsulotomy for comorbid motor and psychiatric symptoms in Tourette's syndrome: Experience and evidence
CONCLUSIONS: Combined DBS with capsulotomy is effective for relieving motor and psychiatric symptoms in TS patients, and its safety is acceptable. However, the optimal candidate should be considered, and additional experience is still necessary.PMID:38368692 | DOI:10.1016/j.ajp.2024.103960 (Source: Asian Journal of Psychiatry)
Source: Asian Journal of Psychiatry - February 18, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shu Wang Shiying Fan Yifei Gan Yuan Zhang Yuan Gao Tao Xue Hutao Xie Ruoyu Ma Quan Zhang Baotian Zhao Yanwen Wang Guanyu Zhu Anchao Yang Yin Jiang Fangang Meng Jianguo Zhang Source Type: research

Screening for Quality of Life in a Neurology Tic Clinic Using Quality Improvement Methodology
Tic disorders in children often co-occur with other disorders that can significantly impact functioning. Screening for quality of life can help identify optimal treatment paths. This quality improvement (QI) study describes implementation of a quality of life (QoL) measure in a busy neurology clinic to help guide psychological intervention for patients with tics. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - February 16, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Brandon Morgan, Pedro Weisleder, Anup D. Patel, William Parker, Megan Rose, Catherine Butz Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Guanfacine treatment for a patient with delusional parasitosis causing dermatillomania presenting with shared psychiatric disorders
Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2024 Jan 2;37(2):326-329. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2291719. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTDermatillomania often coexists with delusional parasitosis (DP) and can cause extreme patient morbidity. The standard treatment for DP has been conventional antipsychotic drugs; however, their use is limited by potential adverse effects and monitoring requirements. Guanfacine, an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, has emerged as a promising alternative for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with concurrent tics. Although no current research supports guanfacine's efficacy in managing DP or ...
Source: Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings - February 12, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Kritin K Verma Bo Kitrell Jay Truitt Michelle B Tarbox Source Type: research

Rationality, preferences, and emotions with biological constraints: it all starts from our senses
Trends Cogn Sci. 2024 Feb 9:S1364-6613(24)00003-2. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.01.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIs the role of our sensory systems to represent the physical world as accurately as possible? If so, are our preferences and emotions, often deemed irrational, decoupled from these 'ground-truth' sensory experiences? We show why the answer to both questions is 'no'. Brain function is metabolically costly, and the brain loses some fraction of the information that it encodes and transmits. Therefore, if brains maximize objective functions that increase the fitness of their species, they should adapt to the object...
Source: Trends Cogn Sci - February 10, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Rafael Polan ía Denis Burdakov Todd A Hare Source Type: research