Impaired Melanocyte Stem Cell Migration Implicated in Hair Graying
Reading around the present state of research into the aging of skin and hair provides interesting insights into the gap between knowledge and understanding in complex biological systems. At this point, there is no complete understanding as to how skin and hair age, even while there is an enormous amount of data on the cellular biology and behavior on all of the different cell types involved. This is a microcosm of the bigger picture of aging in general: while well-researched lists of fundamental forms of damage and change exist, showing exactly how those processes interact to produce the decline of a larger system remains ...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 25, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Cellular Senescence in Aging Skin
In one sense, the accumulation of senescent cells with age is the same story in every tissue. These cells secrete pro-inflammatory, disruptive signaling that actively degrades tissue structure and function. The targeted destruction of lingering senescent cells produces aspects of rapid rejuvenation in aged mice. In another sense, every tissue is different and senescence in that tissue likely worthy of at least some degree of distinct study, perhaps leading to optimized therapies for clearance of senescent cells on a tissue by tissue basis, for example. Here, find a review that looks at cellular senescence in the context of...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 25, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Netrin-1 Upregulation Restores Bone Marrow Niche Cells to Rejuvenate Aspects of Hematopoiesis
To what degree is the age-related decline in activity of important stem cell populations driven by intrinsic damage versus changes in the surrounding cells of the stem cell niche? Stem cells require the support of the niche, and there is evidence to suggest that the better studied types of stem cell (muscle, hematopoietic, neural) are more affected by the cell environment than by any damage to the stem cells themselves. Even so, it is quite clear that stem cells do suffer nuclear DNA mutations, as evidenced by the existence of somatic mosaicism. In that context, the research here is interesting: researchers find a way to r...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 25, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, April 24th 2023
In this study, researchers show that mice lacking a functional ATF4 gene show little to no loss of grip strength and treadmill performance into late life; it is quite an impressive effect size. Assessments of muscle biochemistry do show age-related declines, but to a lesser degree than the controls. How ATF4 knockout functions to produce this outcome is an interesting question. The researchers point out a range of possible downstream and upstream targets that have been implicated in the regulation of muscle growth, but it will clearly require further work to identify the important mechanisms involved.
Aging slowly...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 23, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Senescent Cells Induce Dedifferentiation in Salamander Regeneration
Regeneration from injury is an intricate dance of many different cell types: stem cells, somatic cells, cells that become senescent, and innate immune cells such as macrophages. This is true of every higher species, but what is the meaningful difference between species capable of regenerating entire limbs and internal organs, such as salamanders, and species that scar and exhibit only partial regeneration of lost tissue, such as near all mammals? In recent years, researchers have discovered that senescent cells and macrophages behave differently in injured tissues in species capable of proficient regeneration. Clearance of...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 21, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Investigating Mechanisms By Which Some Gut Microbes May Shorten Fly Life Span
The lifespan of flies is especially sensitive to intestinal function, making them perhaps an interesting model in which to study mechanisms by which changes in the gut microbiome can affect health and longevity. It is clear that the gut microbiome changes with age, and different microbial populations can affect health in different ways. At the high level, it is thought that much of the harm done in later life is mediated by increased chronic inflammation, a reaction to harmful species or the metabolites that they produce. At the detail level, a lot of work remains to be accomplished when it comes to mapping the biochemistr...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 20, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Longer Genes May Be More Disrupted than Shorter Genes by Random DNA Damage Occuring with Age
Random mutational damage to nuclear DNA occurs constantly. While near all of it is restored by the highly efficient suite of DNA repair mechanisms present in the cell, some is not. This damage accumulates over time. Fortunately, near all of it occurs in DNA that is unused in that cell type, or occurs in genes that are not all that important, or occurs in somatic cells that have few replications remaining before hitting the Hayflick limit. In other words, most DNA damage isn't all that important, and even where it sticks, it will be cleared from the body via the normal processes of replacement of cells in a tissue.
H...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 18, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, April 10th 2023
Fight Aging! publishes news and commentary relevant to the goal of ending all age-related disease, to be achieved by bringing the mechanisms of aging under the control of modern medicine. This weekly newsletter is sent to thousands of interested subscribers. To subscribe or unsubscribe from the newsletter,
please visit:
https://www.fightaging.org/newsletter/
Longevity Industry Consulting Services
Reason, the founder of Fight Aging! and Repair Biotechnologies, offers strategic consulting services to investors, entrepreneurs, and others interested in the longevity industry and its complexities. To find out m...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 9, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Modeling the Contribution of Cellular Senescence to the Tradeoff Between Cancer Risk and Aging
Researchers consider that the state of late life health in humans, and the mechanisms involved, are a balance between risk of death by cancer and risk of death by loss of tissue function. Cancer risk is increased by the activity of damaged cells, particularly stem cells, in a dysfunctional tissue environment, while loss of tissue function is accelerated by suppressing that activity. Tissue must be maintained, such as via a supply of new cells to replace losses, and cells must be active in order for that maintenance to occur.
Cellular senescence is a part of this balance of benefit and harm. Cellular senescence is a ...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 6, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
A Flawed Software Framing of Programmed Aging
The hypothesis that aging is a genetic program that is to some degree selected has always been a vocal minority view in the research community. There are just as many quite diverse theories of programmed aging as there are more mainstream evolutionary theories of aging that orbit the concept of antagonistic pleiotropy, the idea that lesser selection pressure in late life, because early reproduction means greater evolutionary fitness, allows for the evolution of mechanisms that are beneficial in youth and harmful in late life. There is even a fusion of the two sides: the hyperfunction theory of programmed aging suggests tha...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 5, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, April 3rd 2023
Fight Aging! publishes news and commentary relevant to the goal of ending all age-related disease, to be achieved by bringing the mechanisms of aging under the control of modern medicine. This weekly newsletter is sent to thousands of interested subscribers. To subscribe or unsubscribe from the newsletter,
please visit:
https://www.fightaging.org/newsletter/
Longevity Industry Consulting Services
Reason, the founder of Fight Aging! and Repair Biotechnologies, offers strategic consulting services to investors, entrepreneurs, and others interested in the longevity industry and its complexities. To find out m...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 2, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
MANF Upregulation in Macrophages Improves Muscle Regeneration in Old Mice
Regeneration following injury is an intricate, coordinated dance between stem cells, various types of somatic cell, and immune cells. Age-related changes in any of those cell populations may contribute to the declining ability to heal injuries observed in later life. Researchers here identify a specific change in the innate immune cells called macrophages that produces a significant impairment in wound healing in mice. This may prove to the basis for therapies to improve regeneration in older people, time will tell.
As our organism ages, the muscles lose the capacity to regenerate. Researchers have found a protein...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 31, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Towards Thymus Organoids Made From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
The adaptive immune system depends upon the thymus. Thymocyte cells are generated in the bone marrow and then migrate to the thymus, where they mature into T cells through a complex process of training and selection. The thymus is largest during development, up until the end of childhood. At that point it shrinks dramatically, and then the remainder undergoes a slow atrophy over the rest of a lifespan. In older people, the much reduced volume of active thymic tissue diminishes the supply of new T cells, leading to an adaptive immune system increasingly made up of broken, misconfigured, exhausted, and senescent cells.
...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 30, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Aggrephagy in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging
Autophagy is the name given to a complex, varied set of processes that tag and recycle broken or excess proteins and structures in the cell. The destination for materials to be recycled is the lysosome, a membrane-wrapped collection of enzymes capable of breaking down near all of the proteins and other molecules a cell is likely to encounter. How materials are selected and how exactly they make their way to the lysosome varies considerably. Alongside autophagy, the ubiquitin-proteasome system is another way for cells to identify problem proteins, such as those that misfold into toxic configurations, and then break them dow...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 29, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, March 27th 2023
This study has potentially significant implications in the field of OA as it provides a novel strategy for OA treatment.
A Vicious Cycle of Heart Failure and Dementia
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2023/03/a-vicious-cycle-of-heart-failure-and-dementia/
The end of life is not pretty. The body is a failing machine of many complex essential parts, and the failures cascade and feed into one another as it breaks down. There is pain, loss of capacity, loss of the self as the brain runs down. There is a tendency to paper over the ugly reality in public discussion, to not talk about the facts of the matter...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 26, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
