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Interactions between the Autonomic Nervous System and the Immune System after Stroke
Compr Physiol. 2022 Jun 29;12(3):3665-3704. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c210047.ABSTRACTAcute stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Stroke-induced immune-inflammatory response occurs in the perilesion areas and the periphery. Although stroke-induced immunosuppression may alleviate brain injury, it hinders brain repair as the immune-inflammatory response plays a bidirectional role after acute stroke. Furthermore, suppression of the systemic immune-inflammatory response increases the risk of life-threatening systemic bacterial infections after acute stroke. Therefore, it is essential to explore the ...
Source: Comprehensive Physiology - June 29, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Li Zhu Leo Huang Anh Le Tom J Wang Jiewen Zhang Xuemei Chen Junmin Wang Jian Wang Chao Jiang Source Type: research
The extracellular matrix as modifier of neuroinflammation and recovery in ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage
Neurobiol Dis. 2023 Sep 6:106282. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106282. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTStroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and has two major subtypes: ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark of ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), contributing to the extent of brain injury but also in its repair. Neuroinflammation is intricately linked to the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is profoundly altered after brain injury and in aging. In the early stages after ischemic stroke and ICH, immune cells are involved in the deposition and remodeling...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - September 8, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Hongmin Li Samira Ghorbani Chang-Chun Ling V Wee Yong Mengzhou Xue Source Type: research
Enriched housing down-regulates the Toll-like receptor 2 response in the mouse brain after experimental stroke.
Abstract
Post-ischemic inflammation plays an important role in the evolution of brain injury, recovery and repair after stroke. Housing rodents in an enriched environment provides multisensory stimulation to the brain and enhances functional recovery after experimental stroke, also depressing the release of cytokines and chemokines in the peri-infarct. In order to identify targets for late stroke treatment, we studied the dynamics of inflammation and the contribution of resident Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expressing microglia cells. We took advantage of the biophotonic/bioluminescent imaging technique using the r...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - March 5, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Quattromani MJ, Cordeau P, Ruscher K, Kriz J, Wieloch T Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research
Preoperative risk factor analysis of postoperative stroke after Cox-maze procedure with mitral valve repair
Conclusions:
In the group of patients who underwent the Cox-Maze procedure with mitral valve repair, having a stroke history was the only preoperative risk factor that could lead to a stroke event after surgery. Accordingly, patients with affliction of ischemic stroke, albeit sustained sinus rhythm, may require prophylactic anticoagulation.
Source: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders - September 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jun Seok KimSong Am LeeJae Bum ParkHyun Keun CheeJin Woo Chung Source Type: research
iPS Cell Transplantation Increases Regeneration and Functional Recovery after Ischemic Stroke in Neonatal Rats
Abstract
Limited treatments are available for perinatal/neonatal stroke. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold therapeutic promise for stroke treatment, but the benefits of iPSC transplantation in neonates are relatively unknown. We hypothesized that transplanted iPS cell‐derived neural progenitors (iPSC‐NPCs) would increase regeneration after stroke.
Mouse pluripotent iPSCs were differentiated into neural progenitors using a retinoic acid protocol. Differentiated neural cells were characterized by using multiple criteria and assessments. Ischemic stroke was induced in postnatal day 7 (P7) rats by occluding the r...
Source: Stem Cells - August 5, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Monica Chau, Todd C. Deveau, Mingke Song, Xiaohuan Gu, Dongdong Chen, Ling Wei Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
iPSC Transplantation Increases Regeneration and Functional Recovery After Ischemic Stroke in Neonatal Rats
Abstract
Limited treatments are available for perinatal/neonatal stroke. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold therapeutic promise for stroke treatment, but the benefits of iPSC transplantation in neonates are relatively unknown. We hypothesized that transplanted iPSC‐derived neural progenitor cells (iPSC‐NPCs) would increase regeneration after stroke. Mouse pluripotent iPSCs were differentiated into neural progenitors using a retinoic acid protocol. Differentiated neural cells were characterized by using multiple criteria and assessments. Ischemic stroke was induced in postnatal day 7 (P7) rats by occluding the ...
Source: Stem Cells - November 26, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Monica J. Chau, Todd C. Deveau, Mingke Song, Xiaohuan Gu, Dongdong Chen, Ling Wei Tags: Embryonic Stem Cells/Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Functional differences between microglia and monocytes after ischemic stroke
Conclusions:
In summary, the resident microglia population is vulnerable to the effects of severe ischemia, show compromised cell cycle progression, and adopt a largely pro-inflammatory phenotype after stroke. Infiltrating monocytes are primarily involved with early debris clearance of dying cells. These findings suggest that the early wave of infiltrating monocytes may be beneficial to stroke repair and future therapies aimed at mitigating microglia cell death may prove more effective than attempting to elicit targeted anti-inflammatory responses from damaged cells.
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - May 29, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Rodney RitzelAnita PatelJeremy GrenierJoshua CrapserRajkumar VermaEvan JellisonLouise McCullough Source Type: research
Stroke induces a rapid adaptive autoimmune response to novel neuronal antigens.
Authors: Ortega SB, Noorbhai I, Poinsatte K, Kong X, Anderson A, Monson NL, Stowe AM
Abstract
Stroke affects millions of people worldwide every year. Despite this prevalence, mechanisms of long-term injury and repair within the ischemic brain are still understudied. Sterile inflammation occurs in the injured brain after stroke, with damaged tissue exposing central nervous system (CNS)-derived antigen that could initiate potential autoimmune responses. We used a standard immunology-based recall response assay for murine immune cells, isolated from the cervical lymph nodes and spleen after transient stroke, to determ...
Source: Discovery Medicine - June 26, 2015 Category: Research Tags: Discov Med Source Type: research
Neuroinflammatory biomarkers: From stroke diagnosis and prognosis to therapy.
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neuro Inflammation edited by Helga E. de Vries and Markus Schwaninger.
PMID: 26524637 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - October 30, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Simats A, García-Berrocoso T, Montaner J Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research
Molecular, Cellular and Functional Events in Axonal Sprouting after Stroke.
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. Yet there is a limited degree of recovery in this disease. One of the mechanisms of recovery is the formation of new connections in the brain and spinal cord after stroke: post-stroke axonal sprouting. Studies indicate that post-stroke axonal sprouting occurs in mice, rats, primates and humans. Inducing post-stroke axonal sprouting in specific connections enhances recovery; blocking axonal sprouting impairs recovery. Behavioral activity patterns after stroke modify the axonal sprouting response. A unique regenerative molecular program mediates this aspect o...
Source: Experimental Neurology - February 10, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Carmichael ST, Kathirvelu B, Schweppe CA, Nie EH Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research
Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke in a Neonate With a Congenital Hypercoagulable Condition Following Repair of an H-type Tracheoesophageal Fistula
This report provides a concise review of the etiology and treatment of stroke and hypercoagulable states in neonates as well as presents the case of a previously undescribed complication of repair of an H-type TEF.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology - September 30, 2016 Category: Hematology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Partial MHC class II constructs as novel immunomodulatory therapy for stroke
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2016 Source:Neurochemistry International Author(s): Gil Benedek, Arthur A. Vandenbark, Nabil J. Alkayed, Halina Offner The worldwide prevalence of stroke continues to rise despite recent successes in treating acute ischemic stroke. With limited patient eligibility and associated risk of tPA and mechanical thrombectomy, new preventive and therapeutic modalities are needed to stave the rising wave of stroke. Inflammation plays a key role in brain damage after cerebral ischemia, and novel therapies that target pro-inflammatory cells have demonstrated promise for treatment for str...
Source: Neurochemistry International - October 31, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Intravenously Transplanted Human Bone Marrow Endothelial Progenitor Cells Engraft Within Brain Capillaries, Preserve Mitochondrial Morphology, and Display Pinocytotic Activity Towards BBB Repair in Ischemic Stroke Rats
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Stem Cells - January 30, 2017 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Svitlana Garbuzova ‐Davis, Edward Haller, Roger Lin, Cesario V. Borlongan Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research
Timing of Carotid Endarterectomy After Stroke: Retrospective Review of Prospectively Collected National Database
Objective:
Our objective was to identify the postoperative risk associated with different timing intervals of repair.
Background:
Timing of carotid intervention in poststroke patients is widely debated with the scales balanced between increased periprocedural risk and recurrent neurologic event. National database reviews show increased risk to patients treated within the first 2 days of a neurologic event compared to those treated after 6 days.
Methods:
Utilizing Vascular Quality Initiative data, all carotid interventions performed on stroke patients between the years 2012 and 2017 were queried. Patients were then ...
Source: Annals of Surgery - August 14, 2018 Category: Surgery Tags: Papers of the 138Th ASA Annual Meeting Source Type: research
Transplanting Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract
Stroke is a major disease that leads to high mortality and morbidity. Given the ageing population and the potential risk factors, the prevalence of stroke and socioeconomic burden associated with stroke are expected to increase. During the past decade, both prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for stroke have made significant progress. However, current therapies still cannot adequately improve the outcomes of stroke and may not apply to all patients. One of the significant advances in modern medicine is cell-derived neurovascular regeneration and neuronal repair. Progress in stem cell biology has great...
Source: Cell Transplantation - September 25, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang F, Tang H, Zhu J, Zhang JH Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research
