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Functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging in stroke: an evidence‐based clinical review
Stroke is a common condition that may lead to various degrees of neurological deficit and long‐term disability. It has become increasingly recognized that cortical reorganization of neuronal networks plays a significant role in regaining function following a focal brain injury. However, the mechanisms involved in this process are still not fully understood. Resting‐state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging is a rapidly evolving scanning technique that has the potential to shed light into this neuronal rearrangement. A better understanding of the underlying neurological pathways may contribute to the deve...
Source: International Journal of Stroke - March 19, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ourania Varsou, Mary Joan Macleod, Christian Schwarzbauer Tags: Review Source Type: research

Stem cell discovery: Astrocytes could repair stroke brain damage
Stem cell researchers have discovered that astrocytes may prove useful against stroke and other brain disorders. Astrocytes - neural cells that form the blood-brain barrier and so control what can and cannot enter the brain from the blood supply - have previously been overlooked in this area of stroke research. A collaborative study published in Nature Communications suggests that astrocytes can do far more than simply support nerve cells (neurons)...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - July 29, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news

Reparative Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke with Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Adipose Tissue: A Safety Assessment
Few studies have evaluated the possible beneficial effect of the administration of stem cells in the early stages of stroke. Intravenous administration of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from adipose tissue in patients with acute stroke could be a safe therapy for promoting neurovascular unit repair, consequently supporting better functional recovery. We aim to assess the safety and efficacy of MSC administration and evaluate its potential as a treatment for cerebral protection and repair.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 7, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Exuperio Díez-Tejedor, María Gutiérrez-Fernández, Patricia Martínez-Sánchez, Berta Rodríguez-Frutos, Gerardo Ruiz-Ares, Manuel Lara Lara, Blanca Fuentes Gimeno Source Type: research

Circulating CD133+ CD34+ Progenitor Cells and Plasma Stromal-Derived Factor-1Alpha: Predictive Role in Ischemic Stroke Patients
In this study, we recruited 95 acute IS patients, 40 at-risk subjects, and 30 normal subjects. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), infarct volume, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were determined at day 1 and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) of functional outcome was assessed at day 21.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Yusen Chen, Bing Lu, Jinju Wang, Shuzhen Chen, Zhijun Lin, Xiaotang Ma, Yajing Liu, Bin Zhao, Yanfang Chen Source Type: research

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Administration Mediated Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelin Formation in Subcortical Ischemic Stroke Basic Sciences
Conclusions— BDNF administration exerted better functional outcome, oligodendrogenesis, remyelination, and fiber connectivity than controls in rats subjected to subcortical damage in ischemic stroke.
Source: Stroke - December 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Ramos-Cejudo, J., Gutierrez-Fernandez, M., Otero-Ortega, L., Rodriguez-Frutos, B., Fuentes, B., Vallejo-Cremades, M. T., Hernanz, T. N., Cerdan, S., Diez-Tejedor, E. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Neuroprotectors Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Walking Quality During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation Assessed by Wireless Sensing (P5.176)
CONCLUSIONS: The laboratory-quality gait metrics calculated by our wireless sensor system were sensitive to functional improvements during a period of known clinical recovery. Commercial sensor systems, for which steps counts are inaccurate at the slow speeds typical of hemi-paretic walking, have difficulty producing outcomes related to motor control in persons disabled by neurologic disease. Measurement of the quantity and quality of movements performed during daily activities enables clinicians and researchers to supervise gait training and skills practice during rehabilitation.Disclosure: Dr. Dorsch has nothing to discl...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Dorsch, A., Thomas, S., Dobkin, B. Tags: Neuro-rehabilitation: Stroke Source Type: research

Sequential Therapy with Minocycline and Candesartan Improves Long-Term Recovery After Experimental Stroke
In this study, we hypothesize that opposing actions of minocycline and candesartan on angiogenesis, when administered simultaneously, will reduce the benefit of candesartan treatment. Therefore, we propose a sequential combination treatment regimen to yield a better outcome and preserve the proangiogenic potential of candesartan. In vitro angiogenesis was assessed using human brain endothelial cells. In vivo, Wistar rats subjected to 90-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were randomized into four groups: saline, candesartan, minocycline, and sequential combination of minocycline and candesartan. Neurobehavioral te...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 26, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Rosiglitazone Promotes White Matter Integrity and Long-Term Functional Recovery After Focal Cerebral Ischemia Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Rosiglitazone treatment improves long-term white matter integrity after cerebral ischemia, at least, in part, by promoting oligodendrogenesis and facilitating microglial polarization toward the beneficial M2 phenotype.
Source: Stroke - August 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Han, L., Cai, W., Mao, L., Liu, J., Li, P., Leak, R. K., Xu, Y., Hu, X., Chen, J. Tags: Other Stroke Treatment - Medical Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Early Reperfusion After Brain Ischemia Has Beneficial Effects Beyond Rescuing Neurons Basic Sciences
Conclusions—Early reperfusion after ischemia enhances the survival of endothelial cells and pericytes within ischemic areas even after the infarct is established, resulting in efficient intrainfarct fibrosis and peri-infarct astrogliosis. These effects might be associated with efficient peri-infarct reorganization and functional recovery.
Source: Stroke - July 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Masaki Tachibana, Tetsuro Ago, Yoshinobu Wakisaka, Junya Kuroda, Masahiro Shijo, Yoji Yoshikawa, Motohiro Komori, Ataru Nishimura, Noriko Makihara, Kuniyuki Nakamura, Takanari Kitazono Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Basic Science Research, Fibrosis, Blood-Brain Barrier, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Lesion Size- and Location-Dependent Recruitment of Contralesional Thalamus and Motor Cortex Facilitates Recovery after Stroke in Mice
This study highlights the importance of in vivo fiber tracking and the role of the contralesional hemisphere during spontaneous functional improvement as a potential novel stroke biomarker and therapeutic targets.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Vascular Sema3E-Plexin-D1 Signaling Reactivation Promotes Post-stroke Recovery through VEGF Downregulation in Mice
In this study, using a mouse model of transient brain infarction, we aimed to investigate whether Sema3E-Plexin-D1 signaling was involved in cerebrovascular remodeling after ischemic injury. We found that ischemic damage rapidly inducedSema3e expression in the neurons of peri-infarct regions, followed by Plexin-D1 upregulation in remodeling vessels. Interestingly, Plexin-D1 reemergence was concurrent with brain vessels entering an active angiogenic process. In line with this,Plxnd1 ablation worsened neurological deficits, infarct volume, neuronal survival rate, and blood flow recovery. Furthermore, reduced and abnormal vas...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke Recovery Aided By Stem Cells
Stem cells from bone marrow or fat improve recovery after stroke in rats, finds a study published in BioMed Central's open access journal Stem Cell Research & Therapy. Treatment with stem cells improved the amount of brain and nerve repair and the ability of the animals to complete behavioural tasks. Stem cell therapy holds promise for patients but there are many questions which need to be answered, regarding treatment protocols and which cell types to use. This research attempts to address some of these questions...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 28, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news

In Stroke And Other Neurological Disorders, Nitric Oxide Damages Neurons And Blocks The Brain's Ability To Repair Itself
Nitric oxide, a gaseous molecule produced in the brain, can damage neurons. When the brain produces too much nitric oxide, it contributes to the severity and progression of stroke and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute recently discovered that nitric oxide not only damages neurons, it also shuts down the brain's repair mechanisms. Their study was published by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the week of February 4...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 7, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news

Intra-arterial Cell Transplantation Provides Timing-Dependent Cell Distribution and Functional Recovery After Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Our results indicate that intra-arterial cell transplantation provides timing-dependent cell distribution and poststroke functional recovery via a combination of neuroprotection, reactive astrocyte enhancement, and angiogenesis.
Source: Stroke - February 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ishizaka, S., Horie, N., Satoh, K., Fukuda, Y., Nishida, N., Nagata, I. Tags: Animal models of human disease Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Stroke researchers report improvement in spatial neglect with prism adaptation therapy
Stroke rehabilitation researchers report improvement in spatial neglect with prism adaptation therapy. This new study supports behavioral classification of patients with spatial neglect as a valuable tool for assigning targeted, effective early rehabilitation. Results of the study, "Presence of motor-intentional aiming deficit predicts functional improvement of spatial neglect with prism adaptation" were published ahead of print in Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair on December 27, 2013.The article is authored by Kelly M.
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 3, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news