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Condition: Diabetes Insipidus

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Total 315 results found since Jan 2013.

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Diabetes insipidus contributes to traumatic brain injury pathology via CD36 neuroinflammation
Abstract: Each year, over one million people in the United States are affected by traumatic brain injury (TBI). Symptoms of both acute and chronic neuroinflammation follow TBI, coinciding with a robust immune response and activation of the brain’s endogenous repair mechanisms. TBI can lead to endocrine failure as a result of damage to the thalamic region of the brain, evidenced by excessive thirst and polyuria often accompanying TBI. These symptoms indicate the presence of diabetes insipidus (DI), a disruption of water homeostasis due to antidiuretic hormone deficiency. This deficiency accompanies a mechanical or neuroin...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 9, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Theo Diamandis, Chiara Gonzales-Portillo, Gabriel S. Gonzales-Portillo, Meaghan Staples, Mia C. Borlongan, Diana Hernandez, Sandra Acosta, Cesar V. Borlongan Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The causes of hypopituitarism in the absence of abnormal pituitary imaging
Conclusion: These results show that hypopituitarism in the absence of pituitary pathology or an identifiable cause is rare. In patients with multiple anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies haemochromatosis and sarcoidosis should be considered.
Source: QJM - December 20, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Wilson, V., Mallipedhi, A., Stephens, J. W., Redfern, R. M., Price, D. E. Tags: Original papers Source Type: research

Potential Clinical Utility of Copeptin (C-terminal provasopressin) measurements in clinical medicine
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2016; 124: 173-177DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1569341Copeptin is a 39-amino-acids containing glycosylated peptide derived from the C-terminal part of the arginine vasopressin (AVP) precursor. In the process of proteolysis the AVP precursor is processed to AVP, neurophysin II, and copeptin in equimolar amounts. In contrast to AVP, copeptin remains stable for several days at room temperature in serum or plasma. Hence, copeptin serves as a bona fide biomarker of AVP release. We briefly summarise clinical utility of copeptin in the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. We also discuss potential applications of ...
Source: Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes - March 22, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lewandowski, K. C.Brabant, G. Tags: Review Source Type: research

The learning curve in endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngiomas.
CONCLUSIONS High rates of near- or total resection and visual improvement can be achieved using an endoscopic endonasal approach for craniopharyngiomas. However, the authors did find evidence for a learning curve. After 20 cases, they found a significant decrease in major neurological complications and significant increases in the rates of GTR rate and discharge to home. Although there was a large decrease in the rate of postoperative CSF leak over time, this was largely attributable to the inclusion of very early cases prior to the routine use of vascularized nasoseptal flaps. There was a significant increase in new panhy...
Source: Neurosurgical Focus - November 30, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kshettry VR, Do H, Elshazly K, Farrell CJ, Nyquist G, Rosen M, Evans JJ Tags: Neurosurg Focus Source Type: research

Long term follow-up of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas submitted to endoscopic endonasal surgery
Conclusion The endoscopic transsphenoidal approach is a safe and effective technique to control GH-secreting adenomas. The transcavernous approach may increase the risk of complications. Suprasellar and cavernous sinus extensions may preclude gross total resection of these tumors.RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do estudo é analisar os resultados da cirurgia de ressecção endoscópica transesfenoidal para adenomas secretores do hormônio do crescimento (GH). Métodos Revisão retrospectiva baseada em análise de prontuários de 23 pacientes acromegálicos submetidos à cirurgia endoscópica. Remissão foi definid a por GH< ...
Source: Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria - June 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Atorvastatin in the treatment of lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: the protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Lithium is the gold-standard treatment for bipolar disorder, is highly effective in major depressive disorder, and is being investigated for therapeutic benefits in dementia, stroke, and even cancer. Approximately 350,000 Canadians use lithium and more could benefit. Despite this, clinicians are avoiding lithium, largely due to fear of renal toxicity, including irreversible chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI) occurs in 20% of lithium users and independently predicts a 2-3 times increased risk of CKD.
Source: The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry - February 28, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Jocelyn Fotso Soh, Gabriela Torres-Platas, Serge Beaulieu, Outi Mantere, Robert Platt, Istvan Mucsi, Sybille Saury, Suzane Renaud, Andrea Levinson, Ana Andreazza, Benoit Mulsant, Daniel Mueller, Ayal Schaffer, Annemiek Dols, Nancy Low, Pablo Cervantes, Na Tags: Poster Number: EI - 48 Source Type: research

Vasopressin and Copeptin in health and disease
AbstractArginine Vasopressin (AVP) and copeptin derive from the same precursor molecule. Due to the equimolar secretion, copeptin responds as rapidly as AVP to osmotic, hemodynamic and unspecific stress-related stimuli and both peptides show a very strong correlation. The physiological functions of AVP are homeostasis of fluid balance, vascular tonus and regulation of the endocrine stress response. In contrast, the exact function of copeptin remains unknown. Since copeptin, in contrast to AVP, can easily be measured with a sandwich immunoassay, its main function so far that it indirectly indicates the amount of AVP in the ...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - October 27, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Vasopressin and Copeptin in health and disease.
Abstract Arginine Vasopressin (AVP) and copeptin derive from the same precursor molecule. Due to the equimolar secretion, copeptin responds as rapidly as AVP to osmotic, hemodynamic and unspecific stress-related stimuli and both peptides show a very strong correlation. The physiological functions of AVP are homeostasis of fluid balance, vascular tonus and regulation of the endocrine stress response. In contrast, the exact function of copeptin remains unknown. Since copeptin, in contrast to AVP, can easily be measured with a sandwich immunoassay, its main function so far that it indirectly indicates the amount of A...
Source: ENDOCR REV - October 27, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Christ-Crain M Tags: Rev Endocr Metab Disord Source Type: research

Professor Rathke ’s gift to neurosurgery: the cyst, its diagnosis, surgical management, and outcomes
ConclusionOur results reflect the philosophy of a conservative surgical approach, designed to preserve normal pituitary function, and avoid DI, while achieving the maximal feasible resection. Evacuation of the cyst contents and meticulous sampling of the cyst wall when possible for histopathological diagnosis are crucial. The postoperative relief of symptoms and signs is gratifying, as are the overall rates of recurrence and outcomes.
Source: Pituitary - May 27, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Early outcomes of endoscopic endonasal approach pituitary adenomas resection with minimal nasal injury
To report the results of a consecutive series of pituitary adenomas resected through endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) with minimal nasal injury. Retrospectively review tumor characteristics and surgical outcomes of a consecutive series of EEA pituitary adenomas resection performed mainly by a single author between March 2018 and June 2019. A total of 75 endoscopic endonasal approach pituitary adenoma resections were performed by the authors’ team. Of the 75 patients, 28 through mononostril EEA, 47 through Binonostril EEA. Hadad-Bassagasteguy vascularized nasoseptal flap was harvested in only 4 (5.3%) patients wi...
Source: Medicine - November 19, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Polyuria, Polydipsia and Possible Diabetes Insipidus?
Discussion The body is smart. It has mechanisms for maintaining balances within the body in a closely controlled manner but allows for a variety of states. This is very true for fluid balance in the body which is highly controlled between almost all of the major body organ systems. When fluid is low, the sensor sends signals for us to drink, and conserves fluid until we can. When the fluid is high, the kidneys excrete the excess and sends signals not to drink. Usually it works very well. While there are many pathological states that can cause polyuria and/or polydipsia, the most common reason is excessive fluid intake beca...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 7, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

The Emerging Role of Copeptin
Clin Biochem Rev. 2021 Feb;42(1):17-25. doi: 10.33176/AACB-20-00001.ABSTRACTDirect measurement of the nonapeptide vasopressin has been limited by analyte instability ex vivo and in vivo rapid degradation, low serum concentrations requiring a sensitive assay and inherent secretory pulsatility. Copeptin is a 39 amino acid glycopeptide cleavage product of vasopressin synthesis with high stability, providing a marker of vasopressin secretion. Copeptin measurement has applications in diagnosis of diabetes insipidus and other diseases with altered vasopressin secretion. This review summarises our current understanding of serum c...
Source: The Clinical Biochemist. Reviews - June 20, 2022 Category: Biochemistry Authors: R Jalleh D J Torpy Source Type: research