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Nutrition: Vitamins

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Total 271 results found since Jan 2013.

Direct oral anticoagulants and cardiovascular prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.
Authors: Marín F, Anguita Sánchez MP, Sanmartín Fernández M Abstract INTRODUCTION: Patients with atrial fibrillation have an increased risk for stroke, systemic embolism and cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death. However, the majority of studies that have analyzed the efficacy of anticoagulants have been focused only on their effects on the risk of stroke. Areas covered: The available evidence about the association between atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular disease as well as the effects of oral anticoagulation on cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction, with...
Source: Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy - December 8, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Pharmacother Source Type: research

Decision-Making in Clinical Practice: Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation and a Single Additional Stroke Risk Factor
AbstractApproximately 1 in 3 –4 patients presenting with an ischemic stroke will also have atrial fibrillation (AF), and AF-related strokes can be effectively prevented using oral anticoagulant therapy (OAC), either with well-controlled vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). In a ddition, OAC use (both VKAs and NOACs) is associated with a 26% reduction in all-cause mortality (VKAs) or an additional 10% mortality reduction with NOACs relative to VKAs. The decision to use OAC in individual AF patient is based on the estimated balance of the benefit from ischemic stroke reducti...
Source: Advances in Therapy - December 7, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The physiological/pathophysiological significance of Vitamin D in cancer, cardiovascular disorders and beyond.
Abstract Vitamin D, a molecular precursor of the potent steroid hormone calcitriol, has a crucial functions and roles in physiology and pathophysiology. Tellingly, Calcitriol has been shown to regulate various cellular signalling networks and cascades that have crucial role in cancer biology and diagnostics. Mounting lines of evidences from previous clinical and preclinical investigations indicate that the deficiency of vitamin D may contribute to the carcinogenesis risk. Concomitantly, recent reports suggested that significant reduction in the cancer occurrence and progression is more likely to appear after vitam...
Source: Current Drug Metabolism - December 6, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: AlMatar M, AlMandeal H, Makky EA, Kayar B, Yarar E, Var I, Köksal F Tags: Curr Drug Metab Source Type: research

Peri-procedural anticoagulation in catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: a review.
Abstract Catheter ablation for rhythm control in atrial fibrillation has been recognized as an established treatment. Patients with atrial fibrillation suffer from an increased risk from thromboembolic events. Long-term stroke risk and mortality has been shown to be reduced after catheter ablation, still the procedure per se is associated with an additive peri-procedural thromboembolic risk. Maintenance of the thrombotic - bleeding equilibrium in such patients during interventional procedures is compelling. Lack of data from randomized studies along with the recent introduction of novel oral anticoagulants in clin...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - December 4, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Vrachatis DA, Giannopoulos G, Kossyvakis C, Vasiliki P, Vavuranakis M, Papaioannou TG, Pagoni S, Pyrgakis VN, Cleman MW, Deftereos SG Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

The Factor Xa Inhibitor Edoxaban for the Prevention of Stroke and Systemic Embolism in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.
Authors: Minguet J, Sims HM, Smith KH, Bramlage P Abstract INTRODUCTION: With the rising prevalence of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in the general population, the development of new drugs for prevention of thromboembolic events is essential. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been shown to present a number of advantages over conventionally used agents, such as predictable pharmacokinetics and no requirement for continuous anticoagulant monitoring. The most recently approved NOAC for the NVAF indication is edoxaban. Several subgroup analyses from the edoxaban phase III ENGAGE AF-TIMI...
Source: Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology - November 9, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

An update on the pharmaceutical management of thrombosis.
Authors: Cosmi B Abstract INTRODUCTION: Anticoagulants such as heparins and vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are effective for thrombosis prevention and treatment, but are associated with the risk of bleeding and other limitations, spurring the search for improved drugs. AREAS COVERED: to evaluate the newer anticoagulants, focusing on those tested in phase III clinical trials such as direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) and warfarin analogues. DOACs such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban are licensed for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation and treatment of venous ...
Source: Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy - October 1, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Pharmacother Source Type: research

Assessment of Web ‐based education resources informing patients about stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation
This study qualitatively assessed the information presented to patients in online resources about antithrombotic therapy for stroke prevention in AF.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - September 30, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: E. Pandya, B. V. Bajorek Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Stroke Risk Stratification Schemes in Atrial Fibrillation in the Era of Non-Vitamin K Anticoagulants: Misleading and Obsolete, at least for the Low-Risk Patients?
Abstract The thromboembolic risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is significantly mitigated by oral anticoagulation (OAC) therapy, albeit at an increasing bleeding risk. The general principle is that the expected protective benefit of OAC must not exceed the potential harm conferred by possible bleeding. Over the recent years, the CHA2DS2-VASc score has been proven to be superior to other scores in identifying 'low risk' AF patients. However, even this latest score does not incorporate all possible risk factors causing a high thromboembolic risk, while the individual components of the CHA2DS2-VASc score do not seem to...
Source: Current Drug Targets - September 4, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Manolis AS, Manolis TA, Manolis AA, Melita H Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

Treatment Changes among Users of Non ‐Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Atrial Fibrillation
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology - August 30, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Maja Hellfritzsch, Steen Elkj ær Husted, Erik Lerkevang Grove, Lotte Rasmussen, Birgitte Klindt Poulsen, Søren Paaske Johnsen, Jesper Hallas, Anton Pottegård Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Estrogens and Coronary Artery Disease: New Clinical Perspectives.
Abstract In premenopausal women, endogenous estrogens are associated with reduced prevalence of arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Clinical trials conducted in the 1990s such as HERS, WHI, and WISDOM have shown that postmenopausal treatment with horse hormone mixtures (so-called conjugated equine estrogens) and synthetic progestins adversely affects female cardiovascular health. Our understanding of rapid (nongenomic) and chronic (genomic) estrogen signaling has since advanced considerably, including identification of a new G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER),...
Source: Advances in Pharmacology - July 29, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Meyer MR, Barton M Tags: Adv Pharmacol Source Type: research

Medicines and Vegetable Oils as Hidden Causes of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
Background: Positive associations have been observed between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), but their causal relationship has not been clarified. Nevertheless, guidelines from relevant medical societies recommend using cholesterol lowering medication (statin) for both types of patients. Medicines with several different action mechanisms have been developed, and the effectiveness of different lifestyle modifications has been studied extensively for the prevention of DM, which was successful in improving clinical marker status in relatively short-term treatments, but none have been shown to b...
Source: Pharmacology - June 1, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Vitamin d intake and its protective role in multiple sclerosis: the checkmate to survivin?
Vitamin D has long been speculated to reduce the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its role in development and modulating the course of MS has yet to be clarified. To date, there is no scientific evidence for the use of vitamin D as monotherapy for MS in clinical practice and perplexities still exist on potential disadvantages of Vitamin D intake. We hypothesize that vitamin D may be effective against MS inhibiting survivin gene expression and thereby affecting the development and progression of the disease. However, decreased levels of survivin may lead to worse outcomes during the acute phase of cardiovascular co...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Edoxaban for reducing the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.
Authors: Dzeshka MS, Lip GY Abstract INTRODUCTION: Oral anticoagulation is central to the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and at least one additional stroke risk factor. For decades, the vitamin K antagonists (e.g. warfarin) remained the only oral anticoagulant available for stroke prevention in AF. The non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are now available, and these drugs include the direct thrombin inhibitors and factor Xa inhibitors. The latter class includes edoxaban, which has recently been approved for stroke prevention in AF by the United States Food and Drug Administration and the...
Source: Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy - February 14, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Pharmacother Source Type: research

The Use of Novel Oral Anticoagulants in Atrial Fibrillation.
Authors: Ansari U, Behnes M, Fastner C, Akin I Abstract Atrial fibrillation is known to be associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke and systemic embolism. After stratification using various risk calculation scores, patients were traditionally prescribed anticoagulants in the form of Aspirin or the traditional Vitamin K Antagonists. The use of Warfarin has proven to reduce incidents of ischaemic stroke; however its use has several limitations. The necessity for strict anticoagulation monitoring so as to maintain the narrow therapeutic range as measured by the international normalized ratio (INR) between...
Source: Cardiovascular and Hematological Disorders Drug Targets - December 19, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Trends in Prescribing Oral Anticoagulants in Canada, 2008-2014.
In this study we analyzed changes in prescription volumes for OAC drugs since the introduction of the NOACs in Canada overall, by province and by physician specialty. METHODS: Canadian prescription volumes for warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban from January 2008 to June 2014 were obtained from the Canadian Compuscript Audit of IMS Health Canada Inc and were analyzed by physician specialty at the national and provincial levels. Total prescriptions by indication were calculated based on data from the Canadian Disease and Therapeutic Index for all OAC indications and for each commonly prescribed dose of dabi...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - October 16, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Weitz JI, Semchuk W, Turpie AG, Fisher WD, Kong C, Ciaccia A, Cairns JA Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research