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Total 269 results found since Jan 2013.

Epidemiology of stroke and transient ischemic attacks: Current knowledge and perspectives.
Authors: Béjot Y, Daubail B, Giroud M Abstract Because of the growing size and aging of the world's population, the global burden of stroke is increasing dramatically. Current epidemiological data indicate that 16.9million people suffer a stroke each year, which represents a global incidence of 258/100,000/year, with marked differences between high- and low-income countries, and an age-adjusted incidence 1.5 times higher in men than in women. Although primary prevention has contributed to a decrease in stroke incidence in high-income countries, the so-called 'epidemiological transition' has led to an increase in i...
Source: Revue Neurologique - January 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Rev Neurol (Paris) Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 16, Pages 18: Inertial Sensor Technology for Elite Swimming Performance Analysis: A Systematic Review
Technical evaluation of swimming performance is an essential factor of elite athletic preparation. Novel methods of analysis, incorporating body worn inertial sensors (i.e., Microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS, accelerometers and gyroscopes), have received much attention recently from both research and commercial communities as an alternative to video-based approaches. This technology may allow for improved analysis of stroke mechanics, race performance and energy expenditure, as well as real-time feedback to the coach, potentially enabling more efficient, competitive and quantitative coaching. The aim of this paper is...
Source: Sensors - December 25, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Robert MooneyGavin CorleyAlan GodfreyLeo QuinlanGearóid ÓLaighin Tags: Review Source Type: research

Energy expenditure and cost during walking after stroke: A systematic review
To systematically review the evidence to determine energy expenditure (EE) in VO2 ml/kg/min and energy cost (EC) in VO2 ml/kg/m during walking post-stroke and how it compares to healthy controls. We aim to determine how applicable current exercise prescription guidelines are to stroke survivors.
Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - December 10, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Sharon Flora Kramer, Liam Johnson, Julie Bernhardt, Toby Cumming Source Type: research

Health Outcomes Evaluation Of New Technologies In Clinical Practice: The Case Of The Minimally Invasive Insertable Cardiac Monitor
The Medical Devices Committee (MDC) of the Maggiore Policlinico Hospital in Milan, Italy, approved the use of a minimally invasive insertable cardiac monitor (ICM). ICMs are leadless subcutaneous devices that continuously monitor the heart rhythm and record events, allowing for the diagnosis of infrequent rhythm abnormalities that can be the cause of palpitations, syncope and stroke. Given the limited available literature and foreseen increase in expenditure, the MDC established an outcome monitoring process in order to test the effectiveness of the device in real practice in detecting abnormal heart rhythms and therefore ...
Source: Value in Health - October 23, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: F Venturini, MR Magrì, F Ambrosini, MC, Politano C Lodi, F Lombardi Source Type: research

Impact On Italian National Health Service Expenditure For The Treatment Of Venous Thromboembolism With Rivaroxaban
This study aims to evaluate the economic impact of the use of rivaroxaban for preventing DVT and PE in Italy.
Source: Value in Health - October 23, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: A Roggeri, DP Roggeri, V Pengo Source Type: research

Characterizing energy expenditure during sedentary behavior after stroke
To objectively measure and calculate the energy expended by people with stroke during near sedentary behaviors (lying, supported and unsupported sitting, standing, wheelchair propulsion and walking), under controlled laboratory conditions, and compare these values to the energy expenditure of 1.5 Metabolic Equivalent of Task (METs) within the definition of sedentary behavior.
Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - September 29, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Olaf Verschuren, Femke de Haan, Gillian Mead, Ben Fengler, Anne Visser-Meily Source Type: research

Sweet and brittle — Diabetes mellitus and the skeleton
Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has become a medical mass phenomenon in many parts of the world. Unrestricted access to a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet in combination with considerably higher energy uptake compared to expenditure has led to a pandemic of the metabolic syndrome and T2DM in many countries. Vascular complications resulting from T2DM include nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy as well as ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke.
Source: Bone - September 9, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Lorenz C. Hofbauer, Beata Lecka-Czernik, Markus J. Seibel Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

The interneuron energy hypothesis: implications for brain disease.
Abstract Fast-spiking, inhibitory interneurons - prototype is the parvalbumin-positive (PV+) basket cell - generate action potentials at high frequency and synchronize the activity of numerous excitatory principal neurons, such as pyramidal cells, during fast network oscillations by rhythmic inhibition. For this purpose, fast-spiking, PV+ interneurons have unique electrophysiological characteristics regarding action potential kinetics and ion conductances, which are associated with high energy expenditure. This is reflected in the neural ultrastructure by enrichment with mitochondria and cytochrome c oxidase, indi...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - August 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kann O Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Using swing resistance and assistance to improve gait symmetry in individuals post-stroke.
Abstract A major characteristic of hemiplegic gait observed in individuals post-stroke is spatial and temporal asymmetry, which may increase energy expenditure and the risk of falls. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of swing resistance/assistance applied to the affected leg on gait symmetry in individuals post-stroke. We recruited 10 subjects with chronic stroke who demonstrated a shorter step length with their affected leg in comparison to the non-affected leg during walking. They participated in two test sessions for swing resistance and swing assistance, respectively. During the adaptation p...
Source: Human Movement Science - June 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Yen SC, Schmit BD, Wu M Tags: Hum Mov Sci Source Type: research

Comparisons of Predictive Equations for Resting Energy Expenditure in Patients with Cerebral Infarct during Acute Care
Estimation of resting energy expenditure (REE) is essential in planning nutrition support. Several equations are used for this estimation in the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive accuracy of existing equations for REE in patients with cerebral infarct during acute care.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ayano Nagano, Yoshitaka Yamada, Hiroji Miyake, Kazuhisa Domen, Tetsuo Koyama Source Type: research

Obesity and Clinical Riskiness Relationship: Therapeutic Management by Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation-a Review.
Abstract Obesity is a global health problem affecting all age groups, leading to many complications such as type 2 diabetes, systemic hypertension, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Physiologically, obesity arises from metabolic changes in the tissues and organs of the human body; these changes result in an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, which in turn results in increased fat accumulation in adipose tissue. Such fat accumulation predisposes individuals to development of several health problems. Two different obesity treatment drugs are currently on the mark...
Source: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - April 12, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hassan HA, El-Gharib NE Tags: Appl Biochem Biotechnol Source Type: research

Development and Evaluation of Self-Management and Task-Oriented Approach to Rehabilitation Training (START) in the Home: Case Report.
DISCUSSION: The KTA Cycle provided a structure for the development of this evidence-based rehabilitation intervention which was feasible to implement in the home. Further evaluation needs to be undertaken to assess the effectiveness of START. PMID: 25721121 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Physical Therapy - February 26, 2015 Category: Physiotherapy Authors: Richardson J, DePaul V, Officer A, Wilkins S, Letts L, Bosch J, Wishart L Tags: Phys Ther Source Type: research

The burden of disease in older people and implications for health policy and practice
Publication date: 7–13 February 2015 Source:The Lancet, Volume 385, Issue 9967 Author(s): Martin J Prince , Fan Wu , Yanfei Guo , Luis M Gutierrez Robledo , Martin O'Donnell , Richard Sullivan , Salim Yusuf 23% of the total global burden of disease is attributable to disorders in people aged 60 years and older. Although the proportion of the burden arising from older people (≥60 years) is highest in high-income regions, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per head are 40% higher in low-income and middle-income regions, accounted for by the increased burden per head of population arising from cardiovascular disease...
Source: The Lancet - February 10, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Objective Measures of Physical Activity, White Matter Integrity and Cognitive Status in Adults Over Age 80.
This study quantified the association between PA and WM integrity in adults over 80. The moderating effects of cardiometabolic conditions, physical functional limitations and WM hyperintensities were also examined, as they can affect PA and brain integrity. Fractional anisotropy (FA) from normal-appearing WM via diffusion tensor imaging and WM hyperintensities were obtained in 90 participants (mean age=87.4, 51.1% female, 55.6% white) with concurrent objective measures of steps, active energy expenditure (AEE in kcal), duration (minutes), and intensity (Metabolic equivalents, METs) via SenseWear Armband. Clinical adjudicat...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - February 2, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Tian Q, Glynn NW, Erickson KI, Aizenstein HJ, Simonsick EM, Yaffe K, Harris TB, Kritchevsky SB, Boudreau RM, Newman AB, Lopez OL, Saxton J, Rosano C, for the Health ABC study Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on healthcare spending and national income: a systematic review
Abstract The impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in populations extends beyond ill-health and mortality with large financial consequences. To systematically review and meta-analyze studies evaluating the impact of NCDs (including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease) at the macro-economic level: healthcare spending and national income. Medical databases (Medline, Embase and Google Scholar) up to November 6th 2014. For further identification of suitable studies, we searched refere...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 18, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research