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Infectious Disease: Epidemics

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Total 445 results found since Jan 2013.

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with Heart Failure and Left Ventricular Assist Devices as a Bridge to Transplant
Obesity is an epidemic that is progressive, costly, and closely associated with cardiac disease and death. Obesity causes structural and functional changes in the heart due to increases in metabolic demand, total blood volume, and stroke volume, all of which cause left ventricular dilation, cardiac muscle hypertrophy, and atrial enlargement [1,2]. Heart failure is a deadly condition, affecting up to 5.8 million people in the United States with associated health care costs exceeding 30 billion dollars per year [3,4].
Source: Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases - April 18, 2018 Category: Surgery Authors: Russell B Hawkins, Kristina Go, Steven L Raymond, Alexander Ayzengart, Jeffrey Friedman Source Type: research

The Global Epidemic of the Metabolic Syndrome
AbstractMetabolic syndrome, variously known also as syndrome X, insulin resistance, etc., is defined by WHO as a pathologic condition characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Though there is some variation in the definition by other health care organization, the differences are minor. With the successful conquest of communicable infectious diseases in most of the world, this new non-communicable disease (NCD) has become the major health hazard of modern world. Though it started in the Western world, with the spread of the Western lifestyle across the globe, it has become now...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - February 26, 2018 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research

Caveolin-1 in stroke neuropathology and neuroprotection: a novel molecular therapeutic target for ischemic-related injury.
Abstract Cardiovascular disease and associated cerebral stroke are a global epidemic attributed to genetic and epigenetic factors, such as diet, life style and an increasingly sedentary existence due to technological advances in both the developing and developed world. There are approximately 5.9 million stroke-related deaths worldwide annually. Current epidemiological data indicate that nearly 16.9 million people worldwide suffer a new or recurrent stroke yearly. In 2014 alone, 2.4% of adults in the United States (U.S.) were estimated to experience stroke, which is the leading cause of adult disability and the fi...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - February 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wang S, Head BP Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Lower-extremity Dynamometry as a Novel Outcome Measure in a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Feasibility Trial of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) for HIV-associated Myelopathy
Conclusion: We conclude that an adequately powered clinical trial of IVIG for HIVM would likely require a prolonged recruitment period and multiple participating sites. Lower limb dynamometry is a useful outcome measure for HIVM, which might also be useful in other HIV-related gait disorders. KEYWORDS: Dynamometry, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), myelopathy INTRODUCTION Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated myelopathy (HIVM) is a rare but well-described neurologic complication of HIV; it was first described early in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, and i...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - February 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Assessment Tools Current Issue Demyelinating Disease Movement Disorders Neurodegenerative Disease Neurology Original Research Primary Care Technology Trial Methodology Dynamometry human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) intravenous immu Source Type: research

Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Advances in Interventional Cardiology
Despite several effective strategies of stroke prevention, the stroke epidemic still constitutes the leading cause of permanent disability. The recent series of well-designed, convincingly-positive randomized controlled trials of endovascular thrombectomy in stroke patients with large vessel occlusion launched a paradigm shift and a new era in acute stroke management. The present review provides an overview of the technical aspects of the procedure, discusses patient selection criteria, summarizes the current evidence from randomized trials about its efficacy and safety, and explores its implications in the organization of acute stroke care.
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions - January 8, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Papanagiotou, P., Ntaios, G. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke Advances in Interventional Cardiology Source Type: research

GSE72278 A novel lineage of adipose tissue regulatory T cells controls obesity and insulin resistance
Contributors : Emilie Stolarczyk ; Charlotte Bailey ; Natividad Garrido-Mesa ; Paul Lavender ; Richard Jenner ; Graham Lord ; Jane HowardSeries Type : Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Mus musculusThe epidemic of obesity and its associated systemic metabolic complications continues to increase. Adipose tissue (AT)-associated T cells have been proposed to play an important role in the regulation of bodyweight and insulin sensitivity with a link to Th1 or Th2 lineage specification. A specific subset of regulatory T cells (TREGS) plays a critical and non-redundant role in controlling s...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - December 1, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research

Building on NeuroNEXT: “Next Generation” Clinics to Cure Chronic Neurological Disability
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Annals of Neurology - November 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Rajiv R. Ratan Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Photobiomodulation for traumatic brain injury and stroke - Hamblin MR.
There is a notable lack of therapeutic alternatives for what is fast becoming a global epidemic of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Photobiomodulation (PBM) employs red or near-infrared (NIR) light (600-1100nm) to stimulate healing, protect tissue from dying,...
Source: SafetyLit - November 16, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Program and Other Evaluations, Effectiveness Studies Source Type: news

Photobiomodulation for Traumatic Brain Injury and Stroke
Abstract There is a notable lack of therapeutic alternatives for what is fast becoming a global epidemic of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Photobiomodulation (PBM) employs red or near‐infrared (NIR) light (600–1100nm) to stimulate healing, protect tissue from dying, increase mitochondrial function, improve blood flow, and tissue oxygenation. PBM can also act to reduce swelling, increase antioxidants, decrease inflammation, protect against apoptosis, and modulate microglial activation state. All these mechanisms of action strongly suggest that PBM delivered to the head should be beneficial in cases of both acute and chro...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - November 13, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Michael R Hamblin Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Mobile tablet-based therapies following stroke: a systematic scoping review protocol of attempted interventions and the challenges encountered
DiscussionTrends in MTBT feasibility and common challenges will be discussed to summarize major findings and highlight research gaps. Solutions to common challenges experienced by intervention participants and study staff will be proposed. Implications for the conduct of randomized clinical trials of MTBT efficacy and the appropriateness of a systematic review and meta-analysis of completed trials will be discussed.Systematic review registrationuO Research (http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35696).
Source: Systematic Reviews - November 2, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Rate or Rhythm Control of Atrial Fibrillation - Pearls for the Internist.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation is an epidemic in Asia that is increasingly prevalent. Apart from stroke risk stratification and management of anticoagulation, physicians managing this group of patients also need to determine an optimal strategy in terms of rate or rhythm control. With new techniques of catheter ablation to maintain patients in sinus rhythm, patients with atrial fibrillation now have more options for treatment, on top of pharmacological methods. This paper aims to review the current evidence for rate and rhythm control in both general patients and subgroups of interest commonly encountered in clinica...
Source: Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore - November 1, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Huang W, Keng FY, Ching CK Tags: Ann Acad Med Singapore Source Type: research

Glycaemic, Blood Pressure and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Control in Adult Patients with Diabetes in Singapore: A Review of Singapore Literature Over Two Decades.
CONCLUSION: Mirroring global patterns, the glycaemic, BP and LDL-C control in adult diabetic patients in Singapore do not appear to be treated to target in the majority of patients. PMID: 29177366 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore - October 1, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Poh Z, Venkataraman K, Toh SE, Low LL Tags: Ann Acad Med Singapore Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure: a Therapeutic Challenge of Our Times.
Authors: Batul SA, Gopinathannair R Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are growing cardiovascular disease epidemics worldwide. There has been an exponential increase in the prevalence of AF and HF correlating with an increased burden of cardiac risk factors and improved survival rates in patients with structural heart disease. AF is associated with adverse prognostic outcomes in HF and is most evident in mild-to-moderate left ventricular (LV) dysfunction where the loss of "atrial kick" translates into poorer quality of life and increased mortality. In the absence of underlying structural heart...
Source: Korean Circulation Journal - September 29, 2017 Category: Cardiology Tags: Korean Circ J Source Type: research

Obesity epidemic puts 240,000 lives at risk each year
BRITAIN ’S obesity epidemic has put hundreds of thousands at risk of heart disease and stroke, analysis shows.
Source: Daily Express - Health - September 24, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news