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Infectious Disease: Epidemics

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Total 445 results found since Jan 2013.

Potential impact of gradual reduction of fat content in manufactured and out-of-home food on obesity in the United Kingdom: a modeling study
CONCLUSIONS: A modest fat reduction (particularly in SFA) in widely consumed foods would prevent obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.PMID:33677474 | DOI:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa396
Source: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - March 7, 2021 Category: Nutrition Authors: Roberta Alessandrini Feng J He Yuan Ma Vincenzo Scrutinio David S Wald Graham A MacGregor Source Type: research

The Endothelium as a Therapeutic Target in Diabetes: A Narrative Review and Perspective
Diabetes has reached worldwide epidemic proportions, and threatens to be a significant economic burden to both patients and healthcare systems, and an important driver of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Improvement in lifestyle interventions (which includes increase in physical activity via exercise) can reduce diabetes and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity. Encouraging a population to increase physical activity and exercise is not a simple feat particularly in individuals with co-morbidities (obesity, heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and those with cognitive and physical limitations...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 23, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Bending the Curve in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: Bethesda + 40 and Beyond
This report summarizes the relevant research, policy, and practice opportunities discussed at the symposium.PMID:33617315 | DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046501
Source: Circulation - February 22, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: David Calvin Goff Sadiya Sana Khan Donald Lloyd-Jones Donna K Arnett Mercedes R Carnethon Darwin R Labarthe Matthew Shane Loop Russell V Luepker Michael V McConnell George A Mensah Mahasin S Mujahid Martin Enrique O'Flaherty Dorairaj Prabhakaran V éroniq Source Type: research

Burden of stroke in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A soaring epidemic
Publication date: Available online 12 February 2021Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical JournalAuthor(s): Rehana Basri, Rakhi Issrani, Siew Hua Gan, Namdeo Prabhu, Mohammad Khursheed Alam
Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal - February 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke, obesity, and the anti ‐inflammatory role of melatonin
AbstractObesity is a predominant risk factor in ischemic stroke and is commonly comorbid with it. Pathologies following these conditions are associated with systemic and local inflammation. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that the susceptibility for ischemic brain damage increases substantially in experimental models of ischemic stroke with concomitant obesity. Herein, we explore the proinflammatory events that occur during ischemic stroke and obesity, and we discuss the influence of obesity on the inflammatory response and cerebral damage outcomes in experimental models of brain ischemia. In addition, because melat...
Source: BioFactors - February 10, 2021 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nuttapong Yawoot, Piyarat Govitrapong, Chainarong Tocharus, Jiraporn Tocharus Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Obesity and Aging: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.
Abstract The epidemic of obesity is a major challenge for health policymakers due to its far-reaching effects on population health and potentially overwhelming financial burden on healthcare systems. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing acute and chronic diseases, including hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Interestingly, the metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity is similar to that observed in normal aging, and substantial evidence suggests the potential of obesity to accelerate aging. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of...
Source: Ageing Research Reviews - February 5, 2021 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Santos AL, Sinha S Tags: Ageing Res Rev Source Type: research

Overdose Receiving Centers - An Idea Whose Time Has Come?
Authors: Hern HG, Goldstein D, Tzvieli O, Mercer M, Sporer K, Herring AA Abstract Drug overdose deaths have been the leading cause of accidental death in the United States with two thirds involving opioids. Strong evidence supports the efficacy of medications for addiction treatment such as buprenorphine and harm reduction strategies such as naloxone distribution. While emergency medical service (EMS) systems have defined specialty centers for the treatment of many significant life threatening disease (trauma, stroke, myocardial infarction) implementation of opioid use disorder systems of care that integrate EMS ar...
Source: Prehospital Emergency Care - January 30, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Prehosp Emerg Care Source Type: research

Patient-related factors associated with severe heat-related illnesses in Karachi: a hospital perspective - Kanwal S, Sajid S, Nasir N, Ahsan S, Almas A.
In 2015, Karachi saw its first ever epidemic of severe heatrelated illnesses that resulted in an extraordinary number of hospital admissions, especially in the intensive care, for fatal heat stroke within-hospital mortality of 3.7%.We conducted this study ...
Source: SafetyLit - January 25, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Economics of Injury and Safety, PTSD, Injury Outcomes Source Type: news

Sensors, Vol. 21, Pages 424: Photoacoustic Imaging of Human Vasculature Using LED versus Laser Illumination: A Comparison Study on Tissue Phantoms and In Vivo Humans
Kothapalli Vascular diseases are becoming an epidemic with an increasing aging population and increases in obesity and type II diabetes. Point-of-care (POC) diagnosis and monitoring of vascular diseases is an unmet medical need. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) provides label-free multiparametric information of deep vasculature based on strong absorption of light photons by hemoglobin molecules. However, conventional PAI systems use bulky nanosecond lasers which hinders POC applications. Recently, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have emerged as cost-effective and portable optical sources for the PAI of living subjects. Howev...
Source: Sensors - January 9, 2021 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Agrawal Kuniyil Ajith Singh Johnstonbaugh Han Pameijer Kothapalli Tags: Article Source Type: research

Difficulties and Countermeasures in Hospital Emergency Management for Fast-Lane Treatment of Acute Stroke During the COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention and Control
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a long incubation period and a high degree of infectivity. Patients may not show specific signs or symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, and the age of onset is similar to that of stroke. Furthermore, an increase in neurological conditions, specifically acute cerebrovascular disease, has been detected. Providing emergency treatment for acute stroke in accordance with the strict epidemic control measures is currently one of the main challenges, as acute stroke is rapid onset and a major cause of death and disability globally. We aimed to evaluate the emergency tre...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - November 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Food as Prevention – Rising to Nutritional Challenges
Mothers and their children gather at a community nutrition centre in the little village of Rantolava, Madagascar, to learn more about a healthy diet. Credit: Alain Rakotondravony/IPSBy Gabriele RiccardiNAPLES, Italy, Nov 25 2020 (IPS) The risks factors contributing to the dramatic rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in recent decades have been known for a long time but the Covid-19 pandemic has brutally exposed our collective failure to deal with them. Reporting on the findings of the latest Global Burden of Disease Study, The Lancet warns of a “perfect storm” created by the interaction of the highly infectious C...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - November 25, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Gabriele Riccardi Tags: Development & Aid Economy & Trade Featured Food Security and Nutrition Food Sustainability Global Headlines Health Humanitarian Emergencies Inequity Poverty & SDGs TerraViva United Nations Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition Foun Source Type: news