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Total 30 results found since Jan 2013.

Modafinil for the Improvement of Patient Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion. Modafinil is a central nervous system stimulant with well-established effectiveness in the treatment of narcolepsy and shift-work sleep disorder. There is conflicting evidence about the benefits of modafinil in the treatment of fatigue and EDS secondary to TBI. One randomized, controlled study states that modafinil does not significantly improve patient wakefulness, while another concludes that modafinil corrects EDS but not fatigue. An observational study provides evidence that modafinil increases alertness in fatigued patients with past medical history of brainstem diencephalic stroke or multiple sclerosis. ...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Current Issue Review excessive daytime sleep fatigue head injury modafinil stroke TBI traumatic brain injury Source Type: research

Adult onset methylphenidate induced dyskinesia after stroke
Methylphenidate is a stimulant medication that is commonly used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is also used as adjuvant therapy for improving disability after stroke. Recently, Moreau et al. reported that methylphenidate improved gait hypokinesia and freezing in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) . The most common side effects of methylphenidate are; insomnia, anorexia, weight loss, abdominal pain, headache, irritability, anxiety, tachycardia, hypertension, and motor tics. Dyskinesia as a side effect of methylphenidate is rare, and only a few cases have been reported . Most of th...
Source: Parkinsonism and Related Disorders - April 14, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Jeong Yeon Kim, Jong Sam Baik Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

The effectiveness of dopamine agonists for treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms post brain injury and stroke.
CONCLUSION: Our systematic review demonstrates an evolving evidence base to suggest some benefits in agitation and aggression, mood and attentional deficits. However, there are key limitations of the studies undertaken to date involving small numbers of participants, heterogeneous outcome measures, and variable study designs. There is a need for on-going large prospective double-blind RCTs in these medications using standardised criteria and outcomes to fully understand their effectiveness in this patient group. PMID: 25850757 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Neuropsychiatrica - April 11, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Acta Neuropsychiatr Source Type: research

Sustained Efficacy with IncobotulinumtoxinA in Upper-Limb Post-Stroke Spasticity Over 48 Weeks (a Phase 3, Placebo-Controlled Study with an Open-Label Extension) (P3.303)
Conclusions: For subjects with upper-limb spasticity after a stroke, repeated injections of incobotulinumtoxinA (400U each at 12-week intervals) showed sustained efficacy in reducing muscle tone and spasticity-associated disability, while confirming the favorable safety profile of incobotulinumtoxinA in this indication.Disclosure: Dr. Elovic has received personal compensation from Allergan, Inc., and Solstice Neurosciences. Dr. Brashear has received personal compensation for activities with Allergan, Ipsen, Revance and Concerta as a consultant. Dr. Brashear has received royalty payments from books royalties. Dr. Brashear h...
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Elovic, E., Brashear, A., Munin, M., Kaňovsky, P., Hanschmann, A., Hiersemenzel, R., Marciniak, C. Tags: Neurorehabilitation Source Type: research

Update on pharmacotherapy for stroke and traumatic brain injury recovery during rehabilitation
This article evaluates whether specific drugs are able to facilitate motor recovery after stroke or improve the level of consciousness, cognitive, or behavioral symptoms after traumatic brain injury. Recent findings: After stroke, serotonin reuptake inhibitors can enhance restitution of motor functions in depressed as well as in nondepressed patients. Erythropoietin and progesterone administered within hours after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury failed to improve the outcome. A single dose of zolpidem can transiently improve the level of consciousness in patients with vegetative state or minimally conscious stat...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - November 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: TRAUMA AND REHABILITATION: Edited by Bruce H. Dobkin Source Type: research

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with serotonin syndrome in a patient with stroke: A case report
We describe a patient with stroke who presented with TC caused by serotonin syndrome (SS) following the administration of serotonergic and dopaminergic agents. Patient concerns: A 55-year-old man with stroke was administered venlafaxine, tianeptine, ropinirole, carbidopa/levodopa, bromocriptine, and methylphenidate during rehabilitation. The patient presented with clinical features of SS (mental confusion, agitation, hyperhidrosis, chills, rigidity, and tachycardia), which persisted over 24 hours. The day after his SS symptoms disappeared, the patient's blood pressure decreased, and he developed tachycardia. Diagnose...
Source: Medicine - March 1, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Stimulants May Pose Short-Term Cardiovascular Risks in Older Adults
Older adults prescribed stimulant medications appear to be at an elevated risk of cardiovascular problems in the first 30 days after beginning the treatment, according to astudy published today inJAMA Network Open. However, these risks decrease over time, with no evidence of increased cardiovascular risk at six months and one year after initiating treatment.“Although stimulants are most commonly used among children and youth for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), an increase in stimulant use among older adults in recent years has been observed,” wrote Mina Tadrous, PharmD., Ph.D., of the ...
Source: Psychiatr News - October 25, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: cardiovascular problems heart attack JAMA Network Open off-label use older adults stimulants stroke transient ischemic attack ventricular arrhythmia Source Type: research

Association of ADHD medications with the risk of cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis
AbstractThis meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications and risk of sudden death/arrhythmia, stroke, myocardial infarction as well as all-cause death. We searched PubMed, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 1950 to May 2018. All observational studies that the exposure of interest was ADHD medications, the outcome of interest was sudden death/arrhythmia, stroke, myocardial infarction as well as all-cause death, and the study reported relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were included. Pooled R...
Source: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - August 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Probable Nootropic-induced Psychiatric Adverse Effects: A Series of Four Cases
Conclusion Healthcare providers in general, and specifically those in the mental health and substance abuse fields, should keep in mind that nootropic use is an under recognized and evolving problem. Nootropic use should be considered in cases where there are sudden or unexplained exacerbations of psychiatric symptoms in patients who have been stable and medication adherent. It is also important to remember that most nootropics are not detected on standard drug toxicology screening tests. We have very little clinical information on how nootropics may interact with psychotropics (or other medications) and potentially cause ...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - December 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Case Series and Literature Review Current Issue Mental Disorders Psychiatry Psychopharmacology Substance Use Disorders Ampakines Armodafinil brain enhancer Cerebrolysin Citicoline cognitive enhancer homeopathic medicine natural r Source Type: research

Ritalin Could Trigger Heart Problems In Children
Ritalin and similar forms of ADHD medication may trigger abnormal heart rhythms and increase heart attack risk in some children soon after they start taking the drug, according to a new study.  This connection was especially true for children who were born with heart disease. According to the study, published in the British medical journal BMJ, kids had an increased risk of heart attack between eight and 56 days after starting methylphenidate, a stimulant most commonly sold as Ritalin, although this heightened risk didn’t reach statistical significance. The researchers could find no evidence of a heightened...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - June 8, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

A Review of Pharmacologic Neurostimulant Use During Rehabilitation and Recovery After Brain Injury.
CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacologic agent with the most supporting literature is amantadine used for cognitive improvement after TBI. Other neurostimulants with positive, despite more limited, evidence include methylphenidate, modafinil, levodopa, and citalopram. Caution is warranted with other neurostimulants given higher rates of adverse effects or lack of benefit observed in clinical trials. PMID: 33435717 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy - January 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kakehi S, Tompkins DM Tags: Ann Pharmacother Source Type: research

A Phase III randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport(R)) in adults with upper limb spasticity (S28.001)
CONCLUSIONS: In this large-scale study, abobotulinumtoxinA improved muscle tone, spasticity and movement. Standardization of scales in this clinical study, particularly those less used (e.g. Tardieu) has the potential to improve the management of patients affected by spasticity after stroke/TBI. Study Supported by: IpsenDisclosure: Dr. Brashear has received personal compensation for activities with Allergan and Concerta as a consultant. Dr. Brashear has received royalty payments from books. Dr. Brashear has received research support from Ipsen, Merz, Allergan and NINDS. Dr. Marciniak has received personal compensation for ...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Brashear, A., Marciniak, C., Edgley, S., Gul, F., Hedera, P., McAllister, P., O'Dell, M., Rubin, B., Heather, W., Vilain, C., Picaut, P., Gracies, J.-M. Tags: Neuro-rehabilitation Source Type: research

Extension Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Repeated AbobotulinumtoxinA Injections in Adults with Upper Limb Spasticity (P3.307)
Conclusions: Safety analysis in this long term study did not generate any new unexpected safety findings; safety profile was similar across doses. Repeated abobotulinumtoxinA injections were associated with sustained or progressive improvement in muscle tone, perceived function (DAS) and global assessment in ULS patients post stroke/TBI. Supported by:IpsenDisclosure: Dr. Brashear has received personal compensation for activities with Allergan, Ipsen, Revance and Concerta as a consultant. Dr. Brashear has received royalty payments from books royalties. Dr. Brashear has received research support from Ipsen, Merz, Allerg Dr. ...
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Brashear, A., Marciniak, C., Edgley, S., Gul, F., Hedera, P., McAllister, P., O'Dell, M., Rubin, B., Walker, H., Vilain, C., Mahmood, A., Gracies, J.-M. Tags: Neurorehabilitation Source Type: research

Methylphenidate May Increase Risk for Arrhythmias, Myocardial Infarction In Some Youth
Findings from a study published in BMJ Open Access shows that some children and adolescents who are receiving methylphenidate for treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be at increased risk for certain adverse cardiovascular events. "Drugs to treat ADHD have been shown to be efficacious in reducing symptoms of impulsivity and hyperactivity in children,” the study authors wrote, "but concerns have been expressed about possible adverse cardiovascular events with the first-line treatment, methylphenidate."To determine whether an association exists between methylphenidate and adverse cardiovascular ...
Source: Psychiatr News - June 3, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Tags: ADHD cardiovascular risk methylphenidate youth Source Type: research