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Total 186 results found since Jan 2013.

Time to Post-Anesthesia Neurological Evaluation and Hemodynamic Stability in Carotid Endarterectomy Comparing Three General Anesthetic Techniques Targeted to a Preset Bispectral Index Value: A Pilot Study
The objective of this pilot study was to assess if any of three general anesthetic techniques for CEA are associated with a shorter time to a reliable postoperative neurological exam. Secondary objectives were to assess postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), postoperative delirium (POD), and hemodynamic stability. Twenty-one patients undergoing CEA were enrolled and randomized to different combinations of inhalational and intravenous anesthesia: Group A: propofol, remifentanil, and desflurane; Group B: dexmedetomidine, remifentanil, and desflurane; Group C: remifentanil and desflurane. Anesthetic depth was titrated us...
Source: AANA Journal - May 27, 2021 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Rhea Temmermand Ludmil Mitrev Noud van Helmond Dean Roberts Joseph Lombardi Dejan Vuckovic Source Type: research

Postoperative malignant hyperthermia confirmed by calcium-induced calcium release rate after breast cancer surgery, in which prompt recognition and immediate dantrolene administration were life-saving: a case report
ConclusionsThe occurrence of MH can be life-threatening, but its frequency is very low, and genetic testing and muscle biopsy are required to confirm the diagnosis. On retrospective evaluation using the malignant hyperthermia scale, the present case was almost certainly that of a patient with MH. Prompt recognition and immediate treatment with dantrolene administration and body cooling effectively reversed a potentially fatal syndrome. This was hence a valuable case of a patient with postoperative MH that led to a confirmed diagnosis by CICR.
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - April 17, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Propofol Protects Regulatory T Cells, Suppresses Neurotoxic Astrogliosis, and Potentiates Neurological Recovery After Ischemic Stroke
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 20, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Causes of arterial hypotension during anaesthetic induction with propofol investigated with perfusion index and ClearSightTM in young and elderly patients
CONCLUSIONS: The main mechanisms of hypotension during anaesthetic induction contribute to the decrease in CO in elderly and reduction of SVR in younger. PI only shows the vascular tone of a finger but can be a surrogate for SVR.PMID:33688696 | DOI:10.23736/S0375-9393.21.15226-5
Source: Minerva Anestesiologica - March 10, 2021 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Masato Nakasuji Kae Nakasuji Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy to Manage Central Post-Stroke Pain
AbstractCentral post-stroke pain is a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome following a cerebrovascular accident. The development of central post-stroke pain is estimated to occur in 8 to 55% of stroke patients and is described as constant or intermittent neuropathic pain accompanied by dysesthesia of temperature and/or pressure sensations. These pain and sensory deficits are within the area of the body corresponding to the stroke lesion. The onset of pain is usually gradual, though it can develop either immediately after stroke or years after. Given the diversity in its clinical presentation, central post-stroke pain is a cha...
Source: CNS Drugs - February 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Mechanisms contributing to hypotension after anesthetic induction with sufentanil, propofol, and rocuronium: a prospective observational study
AbstractIt remains unclear whether reduced myocardial contractility, venous dilation with  decreased venous return, or arterial dilation with reduced systemic vascular resistance contribute most to hypotension after induction of general anesthesia. We sought to assess the relative contribution of various hemodynamic mechanisms to hypotension after induction of general anesthesia with su fentanil, propofol, and rocuronium. In this prospective observational study, we continuously recorded hemodynamic variables during anesthetic induction using a finger-cuff method in 92 non-cardiac surgery patients. After sufentanil adminis...
Source: Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing - February 1, 2021 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Intravenous Propofol Versus Volatile Anesthetics For Stroke Endovascular Thrombectomy
Conclusion: In stroke patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy treated using general anesthesia, there may be a differential effect between intravenous propofol and volatile inhalational agents. These results should be considered hypothesis-generating and be tested in future randomized controlled trials.
Source: Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology - December 11, 2020 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Propofol protects against oxygen/glucose deprivation ‑induced cell injury via gap junction inhibition in astrocytes.
Propofol protects against oxygen/glucose deprivation‑induced cell injury via gap junction inhibition in astrocytes. Mol Med Rep. 2020 Jul 28;: Authors: Fan Y, Zhu S, Wang J, Zhao Y, Wang X Abstract Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide with limited clinical therapies available. The present study isolated primary astrocytes from the brains of rats and treated them with oxygen‑glucose deprivation and re‑oxygenation (OGD/R) to mimic hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) injury in vitro to investigate stroke. It was revealed that propofol (2,6‑diisopropylphenol), an intrave...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - September 20, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Comparison of the Effects of Target-Controlled Infusion of Propofol and Sevoflurane as Maintenance of Anesthesia on Hemodynamic Profile in Kidney Transplantation.
Conclusion: Intraoperative hemodynamic profile was similar between the TCI propofol and sevoflurane group during kidney transplant surgery. The TCI propofol group had higher CI and SVI but showed significantly lower SVRI as compared to the sevoflurane group. The incidence of postanesthesia agitation, postoperative outcome, and complication were not significantly different between the two groups. PMID: 31885551 [PubMed]
Source: Anesthesiology Research and Practice - January 1, 2020 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Anesthesiol Res Pract Source Type: research

Comparison of the effect of propofol and desflurane on S-100β and GFAP levels during controlled hypotension for functional endoscopic sinus surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Conclusion: On comparing the effects of propofol and desflurane anesthesia for controlled hypotension on the levels of S-100β and GFAP, we noted that there was no significant difference in S-100β and GFAP levels between the 2 study groups. Clinical trial registration: Available at: http://cris.nih.go.kr, KCT0002698.
Source: Medicine - November 1, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Trial/Experimental Study Source Type: research

Brain activity changes in a monkey model of central post-stroke pain.
Abstract Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) can occur after stroke in the somatosensory pathway that includes the posterolateral region of the thalamus. Tactile allodynia, in which innocuous tactile stimuli are perceived as painful, is common in patients with CPSP. Previous brain imaging studies have reported plastic changes in brain activity in patients with tactile allodynia after stroke, but a causal relationship between such changes and the symptoms has not been established. We recently developed a non-human primate (macaque) model of CPSP based on thalamic lesions, in which the animals show behavioral changes co...
Source: Experimental Neurology - October 31, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Nagasaka K, Takashima I, Matsuda K, Higo N Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Propofol Reduces Inflammatory Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Involvement of PI3K/Akt Pathway
Background: Our previous study showed that propofol, one of the widely used anesthetic agents, can attenuate subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced early brain injury (EBI) via inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative reaction. However, it is perplexing whether propofol attenuates inflammatory and oxidative reaction through modulating PI3K/Akt pathway. The present study investigated whether PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in propofol's anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and neuroprotection against SAH-induced EBI.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 3, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Hua-bin Zhang, Xian-kun Tu, Quan Chen, Song-sheng Shi Source Type: research

Propofol Attenuates α-Synuclein Aggregation and Neuronal Damage in a Mouse Model of Ischemic Stroke
In this study, propofol administration significantly reduced the neurotoxic aggregation of α-synuclein, decreased the infarct area, and attenuated the neurological deficits after ischemic stroke in a mouse model. We then demo nstrated that the propofol-induced reduction of α-synuclein aggregation was associated with increased mammalian target of rapamycin/ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 signaling pathway activity and reduction of the excessive autophagy occurring after acute ischemic stroke.
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - September 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Neuroanesthesia and outcomes: evidence, opinions, and speculations on clinically relevant topics
The objective of this review is to identify outstanding topics most relevant to neuroanesthesia practice and patient outcomes. We discuss the role of awake craniotomy, choice of general anesthetic agents, monitoring of anesthetic ‘depth’, mannitol-induced diuresis, neurophysiological monitoring, hyperventilation, and cerebral hypoperfusion. Recent findings Awake craniotomy, although a technique likely underused, is associated with enhanced recovery after surgery and prolonged survival after brain tumor resection compared with surgery under general anesthesia. The choice of general anesthetic must balance patient and...
Source: Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology - August 30, 2019 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: NEUROANESTHESIA: Edited by Lingzhong Meng Source Type: research