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Total 212 results found since Jan 2013.

A Review of Mathematical Models for Muscular Dystrophy: A Systems Biology Approach
Discussion With new developments in computational power and data availability, a growing amount of research is using a systems biology approach to understand pathogenesis and progression of disease. Effective and integrated in vitro and in silico models could inform biological phenomena, even without the need of a living subject. For instance, over the last few decades, collagen hydrogel with muscle derived cells (CHMDCs) have promised to revolutionize in vitro experiments and tissue engineering. For CHMDCs to reach the envisioned use, verification by use of mathematical simulations are needed. Recently while examining sha...
Source: PLOS Currents Muscular Dystrophy - February 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Matthew Houston Source Type: research

Stroke prevention strategies in North American patients with atrial fibrillation: the GLORIA ‐AF registry program
ConclusionsIn GLORIA‐AF, 20% of the population comprising males with CHA2DS2‐VASc ≥1 and females with CHA2DS2‐VASc ≥2 did not receive oral anticoagulation therapy. Patient characteristics associated with a lower likelihood of OAC prescription were use of antiplatelet drugs, paroxysmal pattern of AF, a history of falls, and prior bleeding.
Source: Clinical Cardiology - February 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: William F. McIntyre, David Conen, Brian Olshansky, Jonathan L. Halperin, Emil Hayek, Menno V. Huisman, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Shihai Lu, Jeff S. Healey Tags: CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS Source Type: research

Impact of testosterone replacement therapy on thromboembolism, heart disease, and obstructive sleep apnea in men
ConclusionsThis study adds to growing evidence that cardiovascular risk from TRT may be less than once feared. The increased risk of sleep apnea in men using TRT is noteworthy. The study strengths include the large number of healthy and young men exposed to TRT. Limitations include the retrospective study design inability to account for granular details of TRT use such as dosage, specific forms of TRT and serum testosterone levels pre‐ and post‐TRT.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: BJU International - January 31, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Alexander P Cole, Julian Hanske, Wei Jiang, Nicollette K. Kwon, Stuart R Lipsitz, Martin N Kathrins, Peter A Learn, Maxine Sun, Adil H Haider, Shehzad S Basaria, Quoc ‐Dien Trinh Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

1-Year Clinical Outcomes in Women After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Results From the First WIN-TAVI Registry
Conclusions Intermediate to high-risk women enrolled in this first ever all-women contemporary TAVR registry experienced a 1-year VARC-2 composite efficacy endpoint of 16.5%, with a low incidence of 1-year mortality and stroke. Prior revascularization and EuroSCORE I were independent predictors of the VARC-2 efficacy endpoint, whereas EuroSCORE I, baseline atrial fibrillation, and prior percutaneous coronary intervention were independent predictors of the 1-year death or stroke.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - January 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chieffo, A., Petronio, A. S., Mehilli, J., Chandrasekhar, J., Sartori, S., Lefevre, T., Presbitero, P., Capranzano, P., Tchetche, D., Iadanza, A., Sardella, G., Van Mieghem, N. M., Meliga, E., Dumonteil, N., Fraccaro, C., Trabattoni, D., Mikhail, G., Shar Tags: Focus on Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Women Source Type: research

Efficacy and Efficiency of Perioperative Stellate Ganglion Blocks in Cardiac Surgery: A Pilot Study
Nationally, postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurs in up to 40% of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 50% of patients after valve surgery, 64% of patients after mitral valve and CABG, and 49% after aortic valve replacement.1 Atrial fibrillation worsens a patient ’s hemodynamic status and increases the risk of congestive heart failure, embolic events, and longer intensive care unit stays, leading to increased patient morbidity and strain on financial resources. In the United States, POAF carries a higher risk of stroke, worsened survival, and an additional 4.9 days and $10,000 to $11,500 in hospital stay costs.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - November 20, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Christopher W. Connors, Wendy Y. Craig, Scott A. Buchanan, Justin M. Poltak, James B. Gagnon, Craig S. Curry Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Examination of heart failure as a predictor of driving cessation
The objective of these analyses is to examine HF as an independent predictor of driving cessation across three years among a cohort of older drivers in the United States. Analyses included 850 older adults who completed sensory, cognitive, and physical measures at baseline and mobility and health measures at a three-year follow-up. Cox regression was used to examine the effects of HF, stroke, vision, cognition, and physical function as predictors of incident driving cessation over three years. Participants with HF were over three times more likely to cease driving, HR = 3.19, 95% CI [1.27, 8.02], p = .014. However, HF was ...
Source: Journal of Transport and Health - November 19, 2017 Category: Occupational Health Source Type: research

Contribution of cardiac and extra ‐cardiac disease burden to risk of cardiovascular outcomes varies by ejection fraction in heart failure
ConclusionIn North American HF patients enrolled in the CHARM trials, the relative contribution of cardiac and extra‐cardiac disease burden to CV outcomes and death differed depending on LVEF. The high risk of events attributable to non‐cardiac disease burden may help explain why cardiac disease‐modifying medication proven to be efficacious in HFrEF patients has not proven beneficial in HFpEF.
Source: European Journal of Heart Failure - November 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Emil Wolsk, Brian Claggett, Lars K øber, Stuart Pocock, Salim Yusuf, Karl Swedberg, John J.V. McMurray, Christopher B. Granger, Marc A. Pfeffer, Scott D. Solomon Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Diagnosis and Management.
Abstract Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, also referred to as diastolic heart failure, causes almost one-half of the 5 million cases of heart failure in the United States. It is more common among older patients and women, and results from abnormalities of active ventricular relaxation and passive ventricular compliance, leading to a decline in stroke volume and cardiac output. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction should be suspected in patients with typical symptoms (e.g., fatigue, weakness, dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, edema) and signs (S3 heart sound, displaced apica...
Source: American Family Physician - November 1, 2017 Category: Primary Care Authors: Gazewood JD, Turner PL Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

Associations between Ambient Fine Particulate Oxidative Potential and Cardiorespiratory Emergency Department Visits
Conclusions: Lag 0–2 OPDTT was associated with ED visits for multiple cardiorespiratory outcomes, providing support for the utility of OPDTT as a measure of fine particle toxicity. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1545 Received: 23 December 2016 Revised: 4 August 2017 Accepted: 12 August 2017 Published: 26 October 2017 Please address correspondence to J.Y. Abrams, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NCEZID/DHCPP, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, CDC Mailstop A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Telephone: (404) 639-5121. Email: jabrams@cdc.gov Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1545). The authors ...
Source: EHP Research - October 26, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Outcomes of Berlin Heart EXCOR ® pediatric ventricular assist device support in patients with restrictive and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
This study reviews the North American experience with Berlin Heart EXCOR® ventricular assist device implants in children with such physiology. The Berlin Heart clinical database was reviewed. Patients with primary diastolic dysfunction are included in this study. Twenty pediatric patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy (n = 13), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n = 3), or congenital heart disease with restrictive physiology (n = 4) who were supported with EXCOR® were identified. Of these, nine (45%) were successfully bridged to transplant, one (5%) weaned from support, and 10 (50%) died after support was withdrawn. Of...
Source: Pediatric Transplantation - September 1, 2017 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Jennifer A. Su, Jondavid Menteer Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 18 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study
Publication date: Available online 29 August 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Mahshid Dehghan, Andrew Mente, Xiaohe Zhang, Sumathi Swaminathan, Wei Li, Viswanathan Mohan, Romaina Iqbal, Rajesh Kumar, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen, Annika Rosengren, Leela Itty Amma, Alvaro Avezum, Jephat Chifamba, Rafael Diaz, Rasha Khatib, Scott Lear, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Xiaoyun Liu, Rajeev Gupta, Noushin Mohammadifard, Nan Gao, Aytekin Oguz, Anis Safura Ramli, Pamela Seron, Yi Sun, Andrzej Szuba, Lungiswa Tsolekile, Andreas Wielgosz, Rita Yusuf, Afzal Hussein Yusufali, Koon K Teo, Sumathy Rangarajan, Gilles Dagenais, Shrikant I Bangdi...
Source: The Lancet - August 31, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Five Year Trends of Critical Care Practice and Outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Analyses of patients, practices, and outcomes from a large geographically dispersed sample of adult ICUs revealed trends of increasing age and acuity, higher rates of adherence to best practice, use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation and decreased use of antimicrobials, transfusions, and duration of renal replacement therapies. Acuity adjusted LOS and in hospital mortality decreased. PMID: 28800866 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - August 8, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lilly CM, Swami S, Liu X, Riker RR, Badawi O Tags: Chest Source Type: research

The Association of Arsenic Metabolism with Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, and Diabetes: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence
Conclusions: Population level of iAs% and DMA%, but not MMA%, were associated with arsenic exposure levels. Overall, study findings suggest that higher MMA% was associated with an increased risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease, while lower MMA% was associated with an increased risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Additional population-based studies and experimental studies are needed to further evaluate and understand the role of arsenic exposure in arsenic metabolism and the role of arsenic metabolism in disease development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP577 Received: 01 June 2016 Revised: 26 February 2017 Acce...
Source: EHP Research - August 2, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Gender Differences in the Risk of Stroke after Mechanical Circulatory Support
Introduction: Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices have extended survival and improved quality of life for select patients with advanced heart failure. There have been concerns regarding the incidence of stroke after MCS, and some studies have suggested that female gender is a risk factor for the development of neurological complications. Methods: Using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample database we identified patients requiring MCS implantation in United States hospitals from 2010 –2014.
Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - August 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Vanessa Blumer, Rodrigo Mendirichaga, Jorge Monge, Gabriel A. Hernandez, Sandra Chaparro Source Type: research

Physical Activity and Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer
Conclusions: Compared with a poor PA level, the PA recommended by the World Health Organization was associated with lower lifetime risk of CVD, but not total cancer, in both men and women.
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - July 18, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research