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Total 196 results found since Jan 2013.

An East Coast Perspective on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Part 1
This article reviews the use of deep learning convolutional neural networks for managing hemorrhagic stroke. Such a capability may be used to alert appropriate care teams, make decisions about patient transport from a primary care center to a comprehensive stroke center, and assist in treatment selection. This article reviews artificial intelligence algorithms for intracranial hemorrhage detection, quantification, and prognostication. Multiple algorithms currently being explored are described and illustrated with the help of examples.
Source: Neuroimaging Clinics - September 16, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Rajiv Gupta, Sanjith Prahas Krishnam, Pamela W. Schaefer, Michael H. Lev, R. Gilberto Gonzalez Source Type: research

Brain lesions on DWI-MRI linked to poor outcomes for some
Lesions that appear on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MRI scans represent...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: Deep-learning model detects cerebral microbleeds on MRI Key MRI markers link vascular brain injury to health risks 5 risk factors help predict brain hemorrhage on CT Combination of ultrasound, tPA may boost stroke treatment CT guidance helps brain hemorrhage outcomes
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - July 21, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

Study Documents Neurological, Psychiatric Complications From COVID-19
While previous studies and case reports have found that COVID-19 patients have experienced vascular and neurological problems, a newstudy inthe Lancet Psychiatry reports that patients are also showing symptoms of psychiatric disorders, including psychosis and depression.The study was the result of a collaborative effort of specialists in the United Kingdom to document COVID-19 complications.“To our knowledge, this is the first systematic, nationwide U.K. surveillance study of the breadth of acute complications of COVID-19 in the nervous system,” wrote Aravinthan Varatharaj, M.R.C.P., of University Hospital Southampton ...
Source: Psychiatr News - June 29, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Aravinthan Varatharaj brain hemorrhage brain inflammation cognition COVID-19 depression Lancet Psychiatry pain psychiatric disorders psychosis stroke United Kingdom weakness Source Type: research

Medical Management for Secondary Stroke Prevention
This article reviews the evidence base and recommendations for medical management for secondary stroke prevention. RECENT FINDINGS Recent developments for secondary stroke prevention include evidence to support the use of short-term dual antiplatelet therapy after minor stroke and transient ischemic attack, direct oral anticoagulants for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, reversal agents for direct oral anticoagulant–associated hemorrhage, and aspirin rather than presumptive anticoagulation with a direct oral anticoagulant for embolic stroke of undetermined source. SUMMARY Most strokes are preventable. The mainstays ...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - April 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

What Are Some Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy?
Discussion The term, cerebral palsy, or CP has gone through many iterations with the first description in 1861 by W.J. Little who described it as “The condition of spastic rigidity of the limbs of newborn children.” The most recent definition is from Rosenbaun et al. in 2007 which states it is “a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. The motor disorders of cerebral palsy are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cog...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 9, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Retinal Vascular Signs and Cerebrovascular Diseases
Conclusions: There is extensive and increasing evidence that a range of retinal vascular signs and disease are closely linked to CeVD, including subclinical and clinical CeVD. New technology including AI-DL will allow further translation to clinical utilization.
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - March 1, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Disease of the Year: Cerebrovascular Disorders Source Type: research

CT radiomics unlocks basal ganglia stroke onset time
The combination of radiomics and a machine-learning algorithm can determine...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: AI may help improve management of stroke patients AI finds infarction in stroke patients on unenhanced CT CT plus CT perfusion predicts stroke surgery outcomes CTA lowers costs, improves outcomes for minor stroke Can AI find brain hemorrhage as well as radiologists?
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - February 11, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

Beneficial actions of prothymosin alpha-mimetic hexapeptide on central post-stroke pain, reduced social activity, learning-deficit and depression following cerebral ischemia in mice
Publication date: Available online 23 January 2020Source: PeptidesAuthor(s): Keita Sasaki, Sebok Kumar Halder, Hayato Matsunaga, Hiroshi UedaAbstractProthymosin alpha (ProTα)-mimetic hexapeptide (amino acid: NEVDQE, P6Q) inhibits cerebral or retinal ischemia-induced behavioral, electrophysiological and histological damage. P6Q also abolishes cerebral hemorrhage induced by ischemia with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). In the present study we examined the beneficial effects of P6Q on other post-stroke prognostic psychology-related symptoms, which obstruct the motivation toward physical therapy. Intravenous (i.v.) admini...
Source: Peptides - January 24, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Signaling Underlying Chronic Pain and Neuroprotective Mechanisms through Prothymosin α.
Abstract For my Ph.D. research topic, I isolated endogenous morphine-like analgesic dipeptide, kyotorphin, which mediates Met-enkephalin release, and discovered kyotorphin synthetase, a putative receptor and antagonist. Furthermore, I succeeded in purifying μ-opioid receptor and functional reconstitution with purified G proteins. After receiving my full professor position at Nagasaki University in 1996, I worked on two topics of research, molecular mechanisms of chronic pain through lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and identification and characterization of neuroprotective protein, prothymosin α. In a series of studi...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - November 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ueda H Tags: Yakugaku Zasshi Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 19, Pages 3482: 3D Simulations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Detection Using Broadband Microwave Technology
Persson Early, preferably prehospital, detection of intracranial bleeding after trauma or stroke would dramatically improve the acute care of these large patient groups. In this paper, we use simulated microwave transmission data to investigate the performance of a machine learning classification algorithm based on subspace distances for the detection of intracranial bleeding. A computational model, consisting of realistic human head models of patients with bleeding, as well as healthy subjects, was inserted in an antenna array model. The Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method was then used to generate simulated t...
Source: Sensors - August 8, 2019 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Andreas Fhager Stefan Candefjord Mikael Elam Mikael Persson Tags: Article Source Type: research

Influence of the Intensive Care Unit Environment on the Reliability of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Conclusions: The reliability of the MoCA was excellent, independent from the testing environment being ICU or office. This finding is helpful for patient care and studies investigating the effect of therapeutic interventions on the neuropsychological outcome after SAH, stroke or traumatic brain injury.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Early History of Amnesia.
Authors: Langer KG Abstract Memory and forgetfulness have been viewed since antiquity from perspectives of physical, emotional, and spiritual states of well-being, and conceptualized philosophically. Numerous discussions of memory loss, or case reports, existed, but a fundamental advance in conceptualization of memory loss as a pathological clinical phenomenon originated when Sauvages classified "amnesia" as a medical disorder, in 1763. Originally, amnesia was recognized as a weakening or dissolution of memory, according to a taxonomy that ascribed known causes to the disorder. Etiologic factors included neurologic...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - June 22, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Pericytes in Ischemic Stroke.
Authors: Dalkara T, Alarcon-Martinez L, Yemisci M Abstract Recent stroke research has shifted the focus to the microvasculature from neuron-centric views. It is increasingly recognized that a successful neuroprotection is not feasible without microvascular protection. On the other hand, recent studies on pericytes, long-neglected cells on microvessels have provided insight into the regulation of microcirculation. Pericytes play an essential role in matching the metabolic demand of nervous tissue with the blood flow in addition to regulating the development and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), leukocyte...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - June 1, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

Aura and Stroke: relationship and what we have learnt from preclinical models
ConclusionPreclinical models suggest a key role for enhanced SD susceptibility and microembolization to explain both the occurrence of migraine attacks and the increased stroke risk in migraineurs. Therapeutic targeting of SD and microembolic events, or potential causes thereof, will be promising for treatment of aura and may also prevent ischemic infarction in vulnerable brains.
Source: The Journal of Headache and Pain - May 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research