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Critical Role of Coaptive Strain in Aortic Valve Leaflet Homeostasis: Use of a Novel Flow Culture Bioreactor to Explore Heart Valve Mechanobiology Cardiovascular Surgery
ConclusionsFailure of AV to close initiates an extensive response characterized by expression changes common to progression to calcific aortic valve disease. AV coaptation, whether phasic or chronic, preserved phenotypic gene expression. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that coaptation of valve leaflets is a fundamentally important biomechanical cue driving homeostasis.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 26, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Maeda, K., Ma, X., Hanley, F. L., Riemer, R. K. Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Basic Science Research, Etiology, Physiology, Translational Studies Original Research Source Type: research

Early clinical and echocardiographic outcomes after SAPIEN 3 transcatheter aortic valve replacement in inoperable, high-risk and intermediate-risk patients with aortic stenosis
Conclusions The SAPIEN 3 THV system was associated with low rates of 30-day mortality and major/disabling stroke as well as low rates of moderate or severe paravalvular regurgitation. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT01314313.
Source: European Heart Journal - July 20, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kodali, S., Thourani, V. H., White, J., Malaisrie, S. C., Lim, S., Greason, K. L., Williams, M., Guerrero, M., Eisenhauer, A. C., Kapadia, S., Kereiakes, D. J., Herrmann, H. C., Babaliaros, V., Szeto, W. Y., Hahn, R. T., Pibarot, P., Weissman, N. J., Leip Tags: TAVI Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation Patients Treated With Long-Term Warfarin Anticoagulation Have Higher Rates of All Dementia Types Compared With Patients Receiving Long-Term Warfarin for Other Indications Cardiovascular Surgery
Conclusions The presence of AF significantly increases risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, compared with matched patients receiving warfarin anticoagulation for other reasons. Quality of anticoagulation management remains an important risk factor for dementia in all patients.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 10, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bunch, T. J., May, H. T., Bair, T. L., Crandall, B. G., Cutler, M. J., Day, J. D., Jacobs, V., Mallender, C., Osborn, J. S., Stevens, S. M., Weiss, J. P., Woller, S. C. Tags: Arrhythmias, Electrophysiology, Atrial Fibrillation Cardiovascular Surgery Source Type: research

Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis treated with slow infusion fibrinolytic therapy in patient with acute isquemic stroke.
PMID: 27364707 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Archivos de Cardiologia de Mexico - June 26, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Garagoli F, Romeo FJ, Lucas L, Kotowicz V, Belziti C Tags: Arch Cardiol Mex Source Type: research

Imaging Techniques for Diagnosis of Thoracic Aortic Atherosclerosis.
Authors: Jansen Klomp WW, Brandon Bravo Bruinsma GJ, van 't Hof AW, Grandjean JG, Nierich AP Abstract The most severe complications after cardiac surgery are neurological complications including stroke which is often caused by emboli merging from atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta to the brain. Information about the thoracic aorta is crucial in reducing the embolization risk for both surgical open and closed chest procedures such as transaortic heart valve implantation. Several techniques are available to screen the ascending aorta, for example, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), epiaortic ultrasound, TEE ...
Source: International Journal of Vascular Medicine - March 12, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: Int J Vasc Med Source Type: research

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients at Extremely High Risk of Perioperative Mortality.
CONCLUSION: The data acquired verified that TAVI is a safe procedure, even in patients with an extremely high predicted risk of perioperative mortality and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events. Furthermore, the analysis substantiated the need for individualized risk evaluation. PMID: 26897844 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Heart Valve Disease - February 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Heart Valve Dis Source Type: research

A Comprehensive Fluid Dynamic and Geometric Study for an "In-Vitro" Comparison of Four Surgically Implanted Pericardial Stented Valves.
CONCLUSION: The study results combined the fluid dynamic reproducibility of the in-vitro setting and the specificity of surgery. A quantitative comparison of the fluid dynamic performance of the different bioprostheses was feasible. PMID: 26897839 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Heart Valve Disease - February 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Heart Valve Dis Source Type: research

A Matched-Paired Comparative Analysis Ot tne Hemodynamics of the Trifecta and Perimount Aortic Bioprostheses.
CONCLUSION: Trifecta valve implantation is associated with a significant improvement in EOA and a decreased incidence of PPM as compared to the Perimount valve. The superior hemodynamic outcomes observed support consideration of this valve for aortic valve replacement, particularly in patients with a small LVOT at risk for PPM. PMID: 26897822 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Heart Valve Disease - February 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Heart Valve Dis Source Type: research

Early and Late Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair Surgery.
CONCLUSION: These data are the first from the U.K. demonstrating early and late outcomes after thoracoscopic assisted minimally invasive mitral valve repair surgery. The data establish the safety and efficacy of the technique and, importantly, lend further support towards a prospective randomized comparison of minimally invasive versus conventional mitral valve repair surgery. PMID: 26897819 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Heart Valve Disease - February 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Heart Valve Dis Source Type: research

Myocardial and Cardiocirculatory Reserve in Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis and Preserved Ejection Fraction.
CONCLUSION: Besides SWL and female gender, the EF after dobutamine as well as highest exercise stress intensity reached are helpful in determining the prognosis of asymptomatic patients with moderate-severe AS. PMID: 26897816 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Heart Valve Disease - February 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Heart Valve Dis Source Type: research

Valve Replacement for Moderate Aortic Stenosis in Octogenarians Undergoing Revascularization.
CONCLUSION: In-hospital mortality is higher for octogenarians undergoing CABG+AVR compared to those undergoing isolated CABG. In the present study, a 'prophylactic' AVR was justified in patients with moderate AS, and their increased mortality (versus isolated CABG) was congruent with a higher preoperative co-morbid risk profile. Excellent long- term symptom-free survival further justifies 'prophylactic' AVR in octogenarians undergoing CABG with coexistent moderate AS. PMID: 26897807 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Heart Valve Disease - February 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Heart Valve Dis Source Type: research

Papillary fibroelastoma originating from the free left ventricular wall as the cause of recurrent stroke: Description of the case and literature review
Publication date: Available online 20 October 2015 Source:Cor et Vasa Author(s): Ondřej Macura, Tomáš Paleček, Jaroslav Hlubocký, Petr Vondráček, Ivana Vítková, Jan Kuchař, Zuzana Hlubocká Papillary fibroelastoma is the third most common primary benign cardiac tumor typically found on the endocardium of heart valves, most often left-heart ones. The authors present the case of a 52-year-old patient experiencing recurrent cardioembolic stroke involving the cerebral arteries secondary to a fibroelastoma originating from the free left ventricular wall and, given its symptomatic nature, indicated for surgical excision.
Source: Cor et Vasa - February 23, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

MY APPROACH to the Practical Management of Anticoagulation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) should be used for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and prosthetic heart valves, mitral stenosis, severe valvular disease, and severe renal dysfunction. In other patients (those with non-valvular AF), anticoagulation is considered based on risk factors. The CHA2DS2-VASc score assigns 1 point for cardiac failure, hypertension, diabetes, age between 65 and 74 years, vascular disease, and female gender; 2 points are assigned for age 75 years and older and stroke. Patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0 do not require anticoagulation.
Source: Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 19, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Greg Flaker Source Type: research

Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With Balloon-Expandable Versus Self-Expandable Valves CHOICE Trial Results
We read with interest the paper by Abdel-Wahab et al. (1) on 1-year outcomes of the CHOICE (Randomized Comparison of Transcatheter Heart Valves in High Risk Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: Medtronic CoreValve Versus Edwards SAPIEN XT Trial) randomized clinical trial comparing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with the balloon-expandable (BE) Edwards SAPIEN XT valve (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California) versus self-expandable (SE) Medtronic CoreValve (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota). Of interest, the authors concluded that mortality was not statistically different between the 2 groups, but there w...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - January 12, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

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