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Condition: Diabetes Mellitus
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Total 17 results found since Jan 2013.

SGLT2 Inhibitors Are Lifesavers in Heart Failure
The first three trials of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors investigating cardiovascular (CV) safety, as required by the Food and Drug Administration, all revealed an unexpected approximate 30% reduction in heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and at risk for CV disease.1 –3 However, these drugs were not associated with decreased stroke risk or reductions in myocardial infarction. These findings piqued the interest of HF specialists and led to clinical trials specifically investigating the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with HF (Fig. 1).
Source: Heart Failure Clinics - October 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ragavendra R. Baliga, Deepak L. Bhatt, Eduardo Bossone Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Semaglutide: A Novel Oral Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
This article will provide an overview of the GLP-1 receptor agonists, including the pharmacology of semaglutide, its clinical evidence and role in therapy in type 2 DM.
Source: Cardiology in Review - February 14, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acid therapy for cardiovascular disease: justified or not?
Purpose of review To discuss the current evidence regarding the relationship between omega-3 fatty acid intake and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Recent findings Combined results from randomized controlled trials using low-dosage (≤1.8 g/day of ethyl esters) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or EPA + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) suggest a small benefit for reducing coronary heart disease risk. The Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with EPA-Intervention Trial (REDUCE-IT) that administered 4 g/day icosapent ethyl (IPE) to individuals on statin at high or very high ASCVD risk with elevated triglyceri...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - June 6, 2020 Category: Cardiology Tags: LIPIDS AND EMERGING RISK FACTORS: Edited by Dimitri P. Mikhailidis and Anthony S. Wierzbicki Source Type: research

Icosapent Ethyl: drug profile and evidence of reduced residual cardiovascular risk in patients with statin-managed LDL-C cholesterol.
Authors: Bazarbashi N, Miller M Abstract INTRODUCTION: Icosapent Ethyl (IPE) is a highly purified (>96%) form of eicosapentanoic acid, a marine-derived omega-3 fatty acid known to reduce serum triglyceride levels. Experimental and human studies also support anti-atherosclerotic properties of IPE including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, endothelial and plaque stabilizing effects. In the Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial (REDUCE-IT)l),the addition of 4 grams IPE daily resulted in a 25% reduction in cardiovascular events beyond statins and other standard of care therapies. ...
Source: Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy - April 2, 2020 Category: Cardiology Tags: Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther Source Type: research

Heart Failure End Points in Cardiovascular Outcome Trials of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Critical Evaluation of Clinical and Regulatory Issues.
This report summarizes these discussions and the key takeaway messages from this meeting. PMID: 31841369 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Circulation - December 16, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Butler J, Packer M, Greene SJ, Fiuzat M, Anker SD, Anstrom KJ, Carson PE, Cooper LB, Fonarow GC, Hernandez AF, Januzzi JL, Jessup M, Kalyani RR, Kaul S, Kosiborod M, Lindenfeld J, McGuire DK, Sabatine MS, Solomon SD, Teerlink JR, Vaduganathan M, Yancy CW, Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Omega-3 Fatty Acids for the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association.
ular Biology; Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; and Council on Clinical Cardiology Abstract Hypertriglyceridemia (triglycerides 200-499 mg/dL) is relatively common in the United States, whereas more severe triglyceride elevations (very high triglycerides, ≥500 mg/dL) are far less frequently observed. Both are becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States and elsewhere, likely driven in large part by growing rates of obesity and diabetes mellitus. In a 2002 American Heart Association scientific stat...
Source: Circulation - August 18, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Skulas-Ray AC, Wilson PWF, Harris WS, Brinton EA, Kris-Etherton PM, Richter CK, Jacobson TA, Engler MB, Miller M, Robinson JG, Blum CB, Rodriguez-Leyva D, de Ferranti SD, Welty FK, American Heart Association Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vas Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Spotlight on Antidiabetic Agents with Cardiovascular or Renoprotective Benefits.
Authors: Madievsky R Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus often goes hand in hand with cardiovascular and renal comorbidities. Stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease are high-risk complications of type 2 diabetes that contribute to morbidity and mortality. Recent clinical trials have uncovered evidence that certain antidiabetic agents may confer cardiovascular and/or renal benefits such as reduced cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and reduced need for renal replacement therapy. Two landmark trials in particular, EMPA-REG OUTCOME (Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortal...
Source: The Permanente journal - September 21, 2018 Category: General Medicine Tags: Perm J Source Type: research

Bromocriptine-QR therapy for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: developmental basis and therapeutic profile summary.
Authors: Raskin P, Cincotta AH Abstract An extended series of studies indicate that endogenous phase shifts in circadian neuronal input signaling to the biological clock system centered within the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) facilitates shifts in metabolic status. In particular, a diminution of the circadian peak in dopaminergic input to the peri-SCN facilitates the onset of fattening, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance while reversal of low circadian peak dopaminergic activity to the peri-SCN via direct timed dopamine administration to this area normalizes the obese, insulin resistant, gluco...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - August 2, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Usefulness of alirocumab and evolocumab for the treatment of patients with diabetic dyslipidemia.
Abstract In 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the anti-proprotein convertase subtilsin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibodies, alirocumab and evolocumab, to treat patients with hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia. Since then, considerable attention has been paid to the use of these monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia with a goal of reducing the risk for cardiovascular disease. Recently, consensus statements on the clinical use of PCSK9 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who are unable to achieve the goal of low-density lipoprotein c...
Source: Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings - April 1, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Zhang J, Tecson KM, Rocha NA, McCullough PA Tags: Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) Source Type: research

Integrating cardioprotective glucose-lowering medications into clinical practice
Patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from both microvascular and macrovascular complications. Optimal glycemic control is well known to reduce the microvascular complications of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. However, despite having multiple classes of antidiabetes medications, we have not been able to favorably affect the cardiovascular (CV) complications of diabetes, which cause considerable morbidity and premature CV mortality in patients with diabetes. The recent publication of the EMPA-REG Outcome and the LEADER studies demonstrating favorable CV outcomes with empagliflozin and liraglutide have led to a dec...
Source: Cardiovascular Endocrinology - February 19, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review articles Source Type: research

SAVOR-TIMI to SUSTAIN-6: A critical comparison of cardiovascular outcome trials of anti-diabetic drugs.
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Since the inception of mandatory cardiovascular (CV) safety outcome trial (CVOT) promulgated by US Food and Drug Administration in 2008, seven trials have so far been published with three different classes of anti-diabetic drugs in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This mini-review aims to critically analyse these CVOTs in terms of different outcomes achieved. Areas covered: An electronic search pertaining to the subject was conducted till September 2016. The three CVOT conducted with saxagliptin, alogliptin and sitagliptin respectively, found them to be CV-neutral. However, both saxagliptin ...
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - January 24, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Singh AK, Singh R Tags: Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

EMPA-REG and Other Cardiovascular Outcome Trials of Glucose-lowering Agents: Implications for Future Treatment Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Abstract During the last decade, the armamentarium for glucose-lowering drugs has increased enormously by the development of DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, allowing individualization of antidiabetic therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Some combinations can now be used without an increased risk for severe hypoglycemia and weight gain. Following a request of the US Food and Drug Administration, many large cardiovascular (CV) outcome studies have been performed in patients with longstanding disease and established CV disease. In the majority of CV outcome studies, CV ris...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - May 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Schernthaner G, Schernthaner-Reiter MH, Schernthaner GH Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies.
This article reviews the most recent CV outcome trials of the DPP-4 inhibitors (SAVOR-TIMI 53, EXAMINE, and TECOS) as evidence that the incretin-based therapies have acceptable CV safety profiles for patients with T2DM. The studies differ with regard to patient population, trial duration, and heart failure outcomes but show similar findings for CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and stroke, as well as hospitalization for unstable angina. PMID: 26768240 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annual Review of Medicine - January 14, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: White WB, Baker WL Tags: Annu Rev Med Source Type: research

Insights From Cardiovascular Outcome Trials with Novel Antidiabetes Agents: What Have We Learned? An Industry Perspective
Abstract Owing to the close association of cardiovascular (CV) disease with type 2 diabetes and the uncertainty surrounding the CV safety of antidiabetes agents, in 2008 the Food and Drug Administration issued guidance for the demonstration of CV safety for new antidiabetes drugs. Recently the results from CV outcomes trials of three dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist have been reported. The Saxagliptin Assessment of Vascular Outcomes Recorded in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (SAVOR) trial, the Examination of Cardiovascular Outcomes with Alogliptin versus St...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - September 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Why You Should Avoid Statins
At my anti-aging clinic, I continue to wage war against what I call the “medical-industrial complex.” And I do it for one reason only – I care more about my patients than I do about profits. Big Pharma clearly takes the opposite view. And now it seems these pharmaceutical behemoths won’t be happy until every man, woman and child is popping anti-cholesterol pills. Researchers at Duke University recently issued a report recommending that even children and people as young as 30 should be on statins, if they have just slightly elevated cholesterol levels.1 And why wouldn’t researchers at Duke recommen...
Source: Al Sears, MD Natural Remedies - February 3, 2015 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Dr. Al Sears Tags: Heart Health Source Type: news