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Sleep Architecture, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, and Cognitive Function in Adults
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study found that better sleep consolidation and the absence of OSA were associated with better global cognition over 5 years of follow-up. These findings suggest that the role of interventions to improve sleep for maintaining cognitive function requires investigation.PMID:37462968 | DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.25152
Source: Atherosclerosis - July 18, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matthew P Pase Stephanie Harrison Jeffrey R Misialek Christopher E Kline Marina Cavuoto Andree-Ann Baril Stephanie Yiallourou Alycia Bisson Dibya Himali Yue Leng Qiong Yang Sudha Seshadri Alexa Beiser Rebecca F Gottesman Susan Redline Oscar Lopez Pamela L Source Type: research

Management of Adult Chiari I Patients Based on CSF Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Experience of Two Neurosurgical Centers
Conclusions PC-MRI can help in the management and follow-up of adult CM1 patients. Conservative management is possible in selected symptomatic CM1 patients with a high ASV (ASV > 15 µL). Surgery should be considered in patients with an ASV ≤ 12 µL. CM1 patients with ASV ≤12 to >15 μL require close follow-up. Long-standing symptoms, severe sleep apnea, symptoms influencing functionality, and syrinx are factors that affected outcomes negatively. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, GermanyArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text
Source: Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery - July 13, 2022 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Abdallah, Anas Çınar, İrfan G ündağ Papaker, Meliha G üler Abdallah, Betül Emel, Erhan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Assessment of Atrial Fibrosis and Its Implications in Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke
AbstractPurpose of reviewCardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) can be used to accurately define atrial fibrosis burden and is increasingly available, which has led to a renaissance in our understanding of atrial fibrosis as a major component of the atrial disease substrate. The purpose of this review is to provide information on our current understanding of atrial fibrosis and its relation to atrial fibrillation (AFib) and stroke, highlight its implications in the treatment of these conditions, and discuss potential therapies for atrial fibrosis.Recent findingsCMRI-defined atrial fibrosis has a proven utility in strati...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - October 15, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Janssen Announces U.S. FDA Approval of PONVORY ™ (ponesimod), an Oral Treatment for Adults with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Proven Superior to Aubagio® (teriflunomide) in Reducing Annual Relapses and Brain Lesions
TITUSVILLE, N.J. – (March 19, 2021) – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved PONVORY™ (ponesimod), a once-daily oral selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) modulator, to treat adults with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease and active secondary progressive disease.1,2,3 PONVORY™ offers MS patients superior efficacy in reducing annualized relapse rates compared to an established oral therapy and a proven safety profile backed by ove...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - March 19, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Pathophysiologic mechanisms, neuroimaging and treatment in wake-up stroke.
Abstract Wake-up stroke (WUS) or ischemic stroke occurring during sleep accounts for 14%-29.6% of all ischemic strokes. Management of WUS is complicated by its narrow therapeutic time window and attributable risk factors, which can affect the safety and efficacy of administering intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). This manuscript will review risk factors of WUS, with a focus on obstructive sleep apnea, potential mechanisms of WUS, and evaluate studies assessing safety and efficacy of IV t-PA treatment in WUS patients guided by neuroimaging to estimate time of symptom onset. The authors used PubMe...
Source: CNS Spectrums - September 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Elfil M, Eldokmak M, Baratloo A, Ahmed N, Amin HP, Koo BB Tags: CNS Spectr Source Type: research

Successful endovascular recanalization of a partially occluded basilar artery fenestration.
Authors: Meinel TR, Pult F, Gralla J, Arnold M, Bassetti C, Jung S Abstract A 76-year-old man with a history of arterial hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, dyslipidemia, family history of cardiovascular events, prestroke and overweight presented 90 minutes after acute onset of right-sided sensorimotor hemiparesis, hemiataxia and dysarthria (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 9/42). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a pontine ischemia and MR angiography showed a thrombus in the middle to distal portion of the basilar artery. Owing to the location, an occlusion of one lumen of a fenestrate...
Source: Interventional Neuroradiology - August 11, 2018 Category: Radiology Tags: Interv Neuroradiol Source Type: research

Cerebral Microbleeds on MRI in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Conclusions:Moderate-to-severe OSA can be one of the independent predictors of CMBs which are considered a surrogate marker of overt stroke.Citation:Koo DL, Kim JY, Lim JS, Kwon HM, Nam H. Cerebral microbleeds on MRI in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.J Clin Sleep Med. 2017;13(1):65–72.
Source: Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM - January 14, 2017 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research

EPMA-World Congress 2015
Table of contents A1 Predictive and prognostic biomarker panel for targeted application of radioembolisation improving individual outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma Jella-Andrea Abraham, Olga Golubnitschaja A2 Integrated market access approach amplifying value of “Rx-CDx” Ildar Akhmetov A3 Disaster response: an opportunity to improve global healthcare Russell J. Andrews, Leonidas Quintana A4 USA PPPM: proscriptive, profligate, profiteering medicine-good for 1 % wealthy, not for 99 % unhealthy Russell J. Andrews A5 The role of ...
Source: EPMA Journal - May 8, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

Imaging and Baseline Predictors of Cognitive Performance in Minor Ischemic Stroke and Patients With Transient Ischemic Attack at 90 Days Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Despite average-range cognitive performance in this TIA and population with minor stroke, we found associations of EF and PS with evidence of previous stroke, postevent disability, and depression.
Source: Stroke - February 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Mandzia, J. L., Smith, E. E., Horton, M., Hanly, P., Barber, P. A., Godzwon, C., Donaldson, E., Asdaghi, N., Patel, S., Coutts, S. B. Tags: Complications, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Cognitive Impairment, Ischemic Stroke, Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research

UCLA researchers provide first evidence of how obstructive sleep apnea damages the brain
Courtesy of Rajesh Kumar Brains with obstructive sleep apnea (left) and without UCLA researchers have reported the first evidence that obstructive sleep apnea contributes to a breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, which plays an important role in protecting brain tissue. The discovery, reported in the Sept. 1 issue of the Journal of Neuroimaging, could lead to new approaches for treating obstructive sleep apnea, which affects an estimated 22 million American adults. The disorder causes frequent interruptions in breathing during sleep because the airways narrow or become blocked. The blood–brain barrier limits harmful...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - September 1, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor for Cerebral White Matter Change in a Middle-Aged and Older General Population
Conclusions:Moderate to severe OSA is an independent risk factor for WMC in middle-aged and older individuals. Thus, early recognition and treatment of OSA could reduce the risk of stroke and vascular dementia.Citation:Kim H; Yun CH; Thomas RJ; Lee SH; Seo HS; Cho ER; Lee SK; Yoon DW; Suh S; Shin C. Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for cerebral white matter change in a middle-aged and older general population. SLEEP 2013;36(5):709-715.
Source: Sleep - May 4, 2013 Category: Sleep Medicine Source Type: research

Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for silent cerebral infarction
This study recruited a total of 746 participants (252 men and 494 women) aged 50–79 years as part of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES); they underwent polysomnography, brain magnetic resonance imaging and health screening examinations. SCI was assessed by subtypes and brain regions, and lacunar infarction represented lesions <15 mm in size in the penetrating arteries. Moderate–severe OSA was determined by apnea–hypopnea index ≥15. The results indicated that 12.06% had moderate–severe OSA, 7.64% of participants had SCI and 4.96% had lacunar infarction. Moderate–severe OSA was associated posit...
Source: Journal of Sleep Research - February 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Eo Rin Cho, Hyun Kim, Hyung Suk Seo, Sooyeon Suh, Seung Ku Lee, Chol Shin Tags: Regular Research Paper Source Type: research