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Protective Effects of 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D < sub > 3 < /sub > against High-Glucose-Induced Damage in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Involve Activation of Nrf2 Antioxidant Signaling
Conclusions: 1,25(OH)2D3 attenuates high-glucose-induced endothelial oxidative injury through upregulation of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway in a VDR-dependent manner.J Vasc Res
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - May 4, 2021 Category: Research Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Calcitriol Inhibits ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β Signaling Axis via Activation of Nrf2-Antioxidant Signaling in Hyperosmotic Stress stimulated Human Corneal Epithelial Cells
ConclusionThe current study indicated that calcitriol could inhibit the priming stage of HS-induced cellular inflammation, highlighting its potential capacity to prevent and mitigate dry eye related corneal inflammation at earlier stage.Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - December 27, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

GSE107438 25D3 and 1,25D3 target gene profiles in LNCaP
In this study, we investigated whole genome target gene profiles and intracellular behaviors of VDR after administration of 25D3 or 1,25D3 in prostate cancer LNCaP cells to elucidate the hormonal activity of 25D3. First, we confirmed that LNCaP cells possessed functional 25D3-VDR as well as 1,25D3-VDR signaling systems by qRT-PCR. By immunofluorescent examination of nuclear translocation, western blotting and most importantly, knockdown o f CYP27B1 and/or VDR after the introduction of the respective siRNA into these cells, we found that, just like 1,25D3, 10-7 M of 25D3, which is within its uppermost physiological concentr...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - December 1, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by array Homo sapiens Source Type: research

Activation of Nrf2-Antioxidant Signaling by 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol Prevents Leptin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Human Endothelial Cells Biochemical, Molecular, and Genetic Mechanisms
Conclusion: Pretreatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 in the presence of a high concentration of leptin has a beneficial effect on HUVECs through the regulation of mediators of antioxidant activity and inflammation.
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 3, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Teixeira, T. M., da Costa, D. C., Resende, A. C., Soulage, C. O., Bezerra, F. F., Daleprane, J. B. Tags: Obesity and Metabolism Research Articles Biochemical, Molecular, and Genetic Mechanisms Source Type: research

Upregulation of nuclear factor ‐κB activity mediates CYP24 expression and reactive oxygen species production in indoxyl sulfate‐induced chronic kidney disease
ConclusionsThese results provide evidence that administration of IS in human renal tubular epithelial cells upregulates NF‐κB, which leads to increase CYP24 expression and ROS production. They also suggest that suppressing NF‐κB signalling is promising for the development into a strategy for CKD treatment.
Source: Nephrology - August 21, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lihua Wang, Zhiying Gao, Lili Wang, Yongning Gao Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Upregulation of NF‐κB activity mediates CYP24 expression and ROS production in indoxyl sulfate‐induced chronic kidney disease
ConclusionsThese results provide evidence that administration of IS in human renal tubular epithelial cells upregulates NF‐κB, which leads to increase CYP24 expression and ROS production. They also suggest that suppressing NF‐κB signaling is promising for the development into a strategy for CKD treatment.
Source: Nephrology - November 15, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lihua Wang, Zhiying Gao, Lili Wang, Yongning Gao Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

DHA-induced stress response in human colon cancer cells-focus on oxidative stress and autophagy.
Abstract Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important constituents of the diet and health benefits of omega-3/n-3 PUFAs, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) have been well documented in relation to several diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that n-3 PUFAs may have anticancer activity and improve the effect of conventional cancer therapy. The mechanisms behind these effects are still unclear and need to be elucidated. We have examined the DHA-induced stress response in two human colon cancer cell lines, SW620 and Caco-2. SW620 cells are growth-inhibited a...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 13, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Pettersen K, Monsen VT, Hakvåg Pettersen CH, Overland HB, Pettersen G, Samdal H, Tesfahun AN, Lundemo AG, Bjørkøy G, Schønberg S Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Vitamin D-induced ectodomain shedding of TNF receptor 1 as a nongenomic action: D3 vs D2 derivatives
In this study, we examined the potencies of other vitamin D3 and D2 analogs to stimulate the ectodomain shedding of TNFR1 in HASMCs. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D3), a precursor of 1,25D3, and elocalcitol, an analog of 1,25D3, caused ectodomain shedding of TNFR1 within 30min, whereas 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (1,25D2) and paricalcitol, a derivative of 1,25D2, did not. Both 25D3 and elocalcitol rapidly induced extracellular Ca2+ influx and markedly increased intracellular Ca2+, while 1,25D2 and paricalcitol caused only small increases in intracellular Ca2+. 25D3- and elocalcitol-induced TNFR1 ectodomain sheddings were abolished ...
Source: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - September 30, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Title: Vitamin D-induced ectodomain shedding of TNF receptor 1 as a nongenomic action: D3 vs D2 derivatives
In this study, we examined the potencies of other vitamin D3 and D2 analogs to stimulate the ectodomain shedding of TNFR1 in HASMCs. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D3), a precursor of 1,25D3, and elocalcitol, an analog of 1,25D3, caused ectodomain shedding of TNFR1 within 30min, whereas 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (1,25D2) and paricalcitol, a derivative of 1,25D2, did not. Both 25D3 and elocalcitol rapidly induced extracellular Ca2+ influx and markedly increased intracellular Ca2+, while 1,25D2 and paricalcitol caused only small increases in intracellular Ca2+. 25D3- and elocalcitol-induced TNFR1 ectodomain sheddings were abolished ...
Source: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - September 16, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase by retinoic acid sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by sorafenib
In this study, we investigated the effects of combined treatment using sorafenib and retinoids including all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), NIK‐333, and Am80 on HCC cells. Cell viability assays in six HCC cell lines, HepG2, PLC/PRF/5, HuH6, HLE, HLF, and Hep3B, revealed that 5 and 10 μM ATRA, concentrations that do not exert cytotoxic effects, enhanced the cytotoxicity of sorafenib, being much more effective than NIK‐333 and Am80. We found that ATRA induced AMP‐activated protein kinase activation, which was followed by reduced intracellular ATP level. Gene expression analysis revealed that ATRA decreased the express...
Source: Cancer Science - March 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Naoki Ishijima, Keita Kanki, Hiroki Shimizu, Goshi Shiota Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

AMPK activation by retinoic acid sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by sorafenib
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Cancer Science - February 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Naoki Ishijima, Keita Kanki, Hiroki Shimizu, Goshi Shiota Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

PMC, a potent hydrophilic α‐tocopherol derivative, inhibits NF‐κB activation via PP2A but not IκBα‐dependent signals in vascular smooth muscle cells
In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of PMC in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exposed to pro‐inflammatory stimuli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with interferon (IFN)‐γ. Treatment of LPS/IFN‐γ‐stimulated VSMCs with PMC suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 in a concentration‐dependent manner. A reduction in LPS/IFN‐γ‐induced nuclear factor (NF)‐κB activation was also observed in PMC‐treated VSMCs. The translocation and phosphorylation of p65, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inactivation and the fo...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - April 13, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cheng‐Ying Hsieh, George Hsiao, Ming‐Jen Hsu, Yi‐Hsuan Wang, Joen‐Rong Sheu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

PMC, a potent hydrophilic α-tocopherol derivative, inhibits NF-κB activation via PP2A but not IκBα-dependent signals in vascular smooth muscle cells.
In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of PMC in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with interferon (IFN)-γ. Treatment of LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated VSMCs with PMC suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in a concentration-dependent manner. A reduction in LPS/IFN-γ-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation was also observed in PMC-treated VSMCs. The translocation and phosphorylation of p65, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inactivation and the formation of reactive ...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - April 13, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hsieh CY, Hsiao G, Hsu MJ, Wang YH, Sheu JR Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

REPORT: Ascorbate Enhances the Generation of 5-hmC DNA and Chromosomes
Ascorbate (vitamin C) is best known for its role in scurvy, in which the hydroxylation of collagen catalyzed by dioxygenases is incomplete due to ascorbate deficiency. Here, we report a novel function of ascorbate in the hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in DNA catalyzed by Tet (ten-eleven translocation) methylcytosine dioxygenase. The content of 5-hmC is extremely low in mouse embryonic fibroblasts cultured in ascorbate-free medium. Additions of ascorbate dose- and time-dependently enhance the generation of 5-hmC, without any effects on the expression of Tet genes. Treatment with ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - May 10, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Minor, E. A., Court, B. L., Young, J. I., Wang, G. Tags: Reports Source Type: research