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Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph...

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Total 155 results found since Jan 2013.

PKCδ/Midkine Pathway Drives Hypoxia-induced Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Lung Epithelial Cells.
Abstract Epithelial cells are key players in the pathobiology of numerous hypoxia-induced lung diseases. The mechanisms mediating such hypoxic responses of epithelial cells are not well characterized. Earlier studies reported that hypoxia stimulates protein kinase C (PKC) δ activation in renal cancer cells and an increase in expression of a heparin-binding growth factor, midkine (MK) in lung alveolar epithelial cells. We reasoned that hypoxia might regulate MK levels via PKCδ-dependent pathway and hypothesized that PKCδ-driven MK expression is required for hypoxia-induced lung epithelial cell proliferation and ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 5, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang H, Okamoto M, Panzhinskiy E, Zawada WM, Das M Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Requirement for Active Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β in TGFβ1 Up-regulation of Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CCN2/CTGF) Levels in Human Gingival Fibroblasts.
Abstract Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CCN2/CTGF) mediates TGFβ induced fibrosis. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is tissue specific. Here the role of the phosphoinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway in mediating TGFβ1 stimulated CCN2/CTGF expression in primary human adult gingival fibroblasts and human adult lung fibroblasts was compared. Data indicate that PI3K inhibitors attenuate up-regulation of TGFβ1-induced CCN2/CTGF expression in human gingival fibroblasts independent of reducing JNK MAP kinase activation. Pharmacologic inhibitors and siRNA mediated knockdown studies indicate that calcium-dependent isofo...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - July 3, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Bahammam M, Black SA, Sume SS, Assaggaf MA, Faibish M, Trackman PC Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for studies of cardiac ion transporters.
Abstract Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes (iCell Cardiomyocytes) with ion channel activities that are remarkably similar to adult cardiomyocytes. Here, we extend this characterization to cardiac ion transporters . Additionally, we document facile molecular biological manipulation of iCell Cardiomyocytes to overexpress and knockdown transporters and regulatory proteins. Na/Ca exchange (NCX1) and Na/K pump currents were recorded via patch clamp, and Na/H and Cl/OH exchange were recorded via oscillating proton-selective microelectrodes during patch clamp. ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - June 26, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Fine M, Lu FM, Lin MJ, Moe OW, Wang HR, Hilgemann DW Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

TREK-1 Currents in Smooth Muscle Cells from Pregnant Human Myometrium.
This study characterizes a stretch-activated, TEA-insensitive K(+) current found in smooth muscle cells isolated from pregnant human myometrium. This study hypothesizes that the K(+) currents described can be attributed to TREK-1 and that upregulation of this channel during pregnancy assists with the maintenance of a negative cell membrane potential, conceivably contributing to uterine quiescence until term. The results of this study demonstrate that in pregnant human myometrial cells, outward currents at 80 mV increased from 4.8 ± 1.5 to 19.4 ± 7.5 pA/pF and 3.0 ± 0.8 to 11.8 ± 2.7 pA/pF using arachidonic acid or appl...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - June 26, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Heyman NS, Cowles CL, Barnett SD, Wu YY, Cullison C, Singer CA, Leblanc N, Buxton IL Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Differential regulation of muscarinic m2 and m3 receptor signaling in gastrointestinal smooth muscle by caveolin-1.
This study was thus aimed to examine the role of caveolin-1 in the regulation of Gq- and Gi-coupled receptor signaling. RT-PCR, western blot and radioligand binding studies demonstrated the selective expression of m2 and m3 receptors in gastric smooth muscle cells. Carbachol (CCh) stimulated PI hydrolysis, Rho kinase and ZIP kinase activity, and induced phosphorylation of MYPT1 (at Thr696) and MLC20 (at Ser19), and muscle contraction, and inhibited cAMP formation. Stimulation of PI hydrolysis, Rho kinase and ZIP kinase activity, phosphorylation of MYPT1 and MLC20 and muscle contraction in response to CCh were attenuated by...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - June 19, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Bhattacharya S, Mahavadi S, Al-Shboul O, Rajagopal S, Grider JR, Murthy KS Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research