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Silencing of hepsin and inosine 5-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 by siRNA reduces prostate cancer cells proliferation
This study aimed to determine the transcript level of PCa-related genes, HPN and IMPDH2, in archived tissues. Their functional roles were further determined using an in vitro model of PCa. Total RNA extraction was done from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded PCa tissues, and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues acted as the control. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to measure HPN and IMPDH2 expression. The functional assay was performed in a prostate cancer cell line (DU145) on these two genes by silencing their RNA. We discovered a significantly higher expression of IMPDH2 in PCa s...
Source: Cancer Control - April 29, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: N A Wahab H D Dardar R Yunus Z M Zainudin N M Mokhtar Source Type: research

Ratio of the expression levels of androgen receptor splice variant 7 to androgen receptor in castration refractory prostate cancer
Oncol Lett. 2021 Dec;22(6):831. doi: 10.3892/ol.2021.13092. Epub 2021 Oct 13.ABSTRACTIn clinical samples, the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and of AR splice variant 7 (AR-V7) is higher in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) compared with that in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (PCa). However, there are only a few reports on the ratio of the expression levels of AR-V7 to AR (AR-V7/AR) in prostate tissue. The present study evaluated AR-V7/AR expression in various types of human prostate tissues and CRPC cells. Pretreatment prostate tissue samples from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; n=18), G...
Source: Oncology Letters - October 25, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yoshitaka Sekine Hiroshi Nakayama Yoshiyuki Miyazawa Seiji Arai Hidekazu Koike Hiroshi Matsui Yasuhiro Shibata Kazuto Ito Kazuhiro Suzuki Source Type: research

Expression and ERG regulation of PIM kinases in prostate cancer
Our data demonstrate for the first time that expression levels of all three PIM family kinases can be upregulated during prostate cancer progression and can thereby significantly contribute to this process, especially in cooperation with other co ‐overexpressed oncoproteins, such as MYC and ERG, as shown here. The increased PIM expression levels may in turn be explained by our novel observation that ERG can induce transcription of allPIM family genes. AbstractThe three oncogenic PIM family kinases have been implicated in the development of prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to examine the mRNA and protein e...
Source: Cancer Medicine - May 1, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sini K. Eerola, Annika Kohvakka, Teuvo L. J. Tammela, P äivi J. Koskinen, Leena Latonen, Tapio Visakorpi Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 1122: The Role of lncRNAs TAPIR-1 and -2 as Diagnostic Markers and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Prostate Cancer
Muders Sommer Baretton Wirth Horn In search of new biomarkers suitable for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, genome-wide transcriptome sequencing was carried out with tissue specimens from 40 prostate cancer (PCa) and 8 benign prostate hyperplasia patients. We identified two intergenic long non-coding transcripts, located in close genomic proximity, which are highly expressed in PCa. Microarray studies on a larger cohort comprising 155 patients showed a profound diagnostic potential of these transcripts (AUC~0.94), which we designated as tumor associated prostate cancer increased lncRNA (TAP...
Source: Cancers - April 29, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Friedrich Wiedemann Reiche Puppel Pfeifer Zipfel Binder K öhl M üller Engeland Aigner F üssel Fr öhner Peitzsch Dubrovska Rade Christ Schreiber Hackerm üller Lehmann Toma Muders Sommer Baretton Wirth Horn Tags: Article Source Type: research

Modulation of paracrine signaling by CD9 positive small extracellular vesicles mediates cellular growth of androgen deprived prostate cancer.
Authors: Soekmadji C, Riches JD, Russell PJ, Ruelcke JE, McPherson S, Wang C, Hovens CM, Corcoran NM, The Australian Prostate Cancer Collaboration BioResource, Hill MM, Nelson CC Abstract Proliferation and maintenance of both normal and prostate cancer (PCa) cells is highly regulated by steroid hormones, particularly androgens, and the extracellular environment. Herein, we identify the secretion of CD9 positive extracellular vesicles (EV) by LNCaP and DUCaP PCa cells in response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and use nano-LC-MS/MS to identify the proteins present in these EV. Subsequent bioinformatic and pathway anal...
Source: Oncotarget - August 16, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Functional role and tobacco smoking effects on methylation of CYP1A1 gene in prostate cancer.
This study supports an oncogenic role for CYP1A1 in prostate cancer via promoter hypomethylation that is influenced by tobacco smoking, indicating CYP1A1 to be a promising target for prostate cancer treatment. PMID: 27203547 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncotarget - May 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Abstract A16: Different epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of SFRP1 gene in prostate cancer
Among men, prostate cancer (PCa)[1] is the second most common cancer and the fifth cause of death worldwide [2]. Androgens play an important role in the development of the disease. For advanced PCa the standard therapy is androgen depletion. However, after 2 or 3 years a high percentage of patients become resistant to this therapy and castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is developed. There is no successful treatment for CRPC, leading into death [3, 4]. Wingless pathway (WNT) is aberrantly activated in several cancer types and in PCa it is involved in AR activity modulation, promoting cancer development [5]. Secrete...
Source: Cancer Research - January 14, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Garcia–Tobilla, P., Uribe, O., Rodriguez–Dorantes, M. Tags: Epigenetic Control of Transcription/ Elongation Source Type: research

27-Hydroxycholesterol stimulates cell proliferation and resistance to docetaxel-induced apoptosis in prostate epithelial cells
In this study, we determined the effect of 27-OHC in human prostate epithelial cells RWPE-1. We found that 27-OHC stimulates proliferation and increases androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity. 27-OHC also increased prostate-specific antigen expression and enhanced AR binding to the androgen response element compared to controls. Silencing AR expression with siRNA markedly reduced the 27-OHC-induced proliferation. Furthermore, 27-OHC blocked docetaxel-induced apoptosis. Altogether, our results suggest that 27-OHC may play an important role in PCa and BPH progression by promoting proliferation and suppressing apoptosis.
Source: Medical Oncology - January 5, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Inhibition of LDHA suppresses tumor progression in prostate cancer
Abstract A key hallmark of cancer cells is their altered metabolism, known as Warburg effect. Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) executes the final step of aerobic glycolysis and has been reported to be involved in the tumor progression. However, the function of LDHA in prostate cancer has not been studied. In current study, we observed overexpression of LDHA in the clinical prostate cancer samples compared with benign prostate hyperplasia tissues as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and real-time qPCR. Attenuated expression of LDHA by siRNA or inhibition of LDHA activities by FX11 inhibited cell proliferation, mig...
Source: Tumor Biology - May 16, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Cross-talk between alpha1D-adrenoceptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 triggers prostate cancer cell proliferation
Conclusions: We demonstrate a cross-talk between alpha1D-AR and TRPV1, that is involved in the control of PC3 cell proliferation. These data strongly support for a putative novel pharmacological approach in the treatment of PCa by targeting both alpha1D-AR and TRPV1 channels.
Source: BMC Cancer - December 7, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Maria MorelliConsuelo AmantiniMassimo NabissiSonia LiberatiClaudio CardinaliValerio FarfarielloDaniele TomassoniWilma QuagliaAlessandro PiergentiliAlessandro BonifaziFabio Del BelloMatteo SantoniGabriele MammanaLucilla ServiAlessandra FilosaAngela Gismond Source Type: research

Potential role of the OPG/RANK/RANKL axis in prostate cancer invasion and bone metastasis.
Authors: Li X, Liu Y, Wu B, Dong Z, Wang Y, Lu J, Shi P, Bai W, Wang Z Abstract Receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are key regulators of bone metabolism under both normal and pathological conditions, including prostate cancer (PCa) bone metastases. However, little is known concerning the expression and function of these regulators in prostate tumor samples and PCa cells and their correlation with invasion and bone metastasis. In the present study, we determined the expression of RANK, RANKL and OPG in 3 human PCa cell lines and 40 PCa patient samples by immunohistoche...
Source: Oncology Reports - November 16, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Knockdown of the co‐chaperone SGTA results in the suppression of androgen and PI3K/AKT signaling and inhibition of prostate cancer cell proliferation
This study provides insight into the biological actions of SGTA, its effect on genome‐wide AR transcriptional activity and other therapeutically targeted intracellular signaling pathways, whilst also providing evidence for PCa‐specific alterations in SGTA expression. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: International Journal of Cancer - June 6, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Andrew P. Trotta, Eleanor F. Need, Luke A. Selth, Samarth Chopra, Carole B. Pinnock, Damien A. Leach, Gerhard A Coetzee, Lisa M. Butler, Wayne D. Tilley, Grant Buchanan Tags: Cancer Cell Biology Source Type: research