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Condition: Alcoholism

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Total 251 results found since Jan 2013.

Involvement of seven in absentia homolog-1 in ethanol-induced apoptosis in neural crest cells
In this study, we investigate the role of seven in absentia homolog-1 (Siah1) protein, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, in ethanol-induced apoptosis. Using an in vitro model of neural crest cell (NCC), JoMa1.3 cells, we found that exposure to 100mM ethanol resulted in a significant increase in Siah1 mRNA expression in NCCs, an ethanol-sensitive cell population implicated in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Treatment with 100mM ethanol for 24h also significantly increased the protein expression of Siah1 in JoMa1.3 cells. The nuclear translocation and accumulation of Siah1 was evidenced in the cells exposed to ethanol. In add...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - October 13, 2014 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research

Abstract 2446: Signaling event of alcohol-induced deregulation of Pol III genes in breast cancer cells
We reported that alcohol induces Pol III gene (RNA polymerase III-dependent genes) transcription in vivo and in vitro. We continue to define novel and unexpected targets, MSK1 (mitogen- stress-activated protein kinase 1) and Brf1 (TFIIIB-related factor 1), in the alcohol-induced response. Our aim is to delineate the mechanisms regulating the processes of deregulation of Pol III genes, cell transformation and tumorgenesis through this alcohol-induced response. Brf1 specifically regulates Pol III gene transcription. Changes in Pol III gene and Brf1 expression tightly link to cell transformation and tumor formation. Alcohol-i...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhong, S., Zhang, Q., Shi, G. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Osteopontin is an important mediator of alcoholic liver disease via hepatic stellate cell activation.
CONCLUSION: OPN is a key mediator of the alcohol-induced effects on hepatic stellate cell functions and liver fibrogenesis. PMID: 25278703 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - September 28, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Seth D, Duly A, Kuo PC, McCaughan GW, Haber PS Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

ASPP2 attenuates triglycerides to protect against hepatocyte injury by reducing autophagy in a cell and mouse model of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
In conclusion, ASPP2 may participate in the lipid metabolism of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis and attenuate liver failure.
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - September 25, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Fang Xie, Lin Jia, Minghua Lin, Ying Shi, Jiming Yin, Yin Liu, Dexi Chen, Qinghua Meng Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Atf3/Pdx-1/Hdac1 Axis Prompts Metabolic Syndrome Gene Regulation
Chronic ethanol consumption induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction through glucokinase (Gck) nitration and down-regulation, leading to impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Gck gene expression and promoter activity in pancreatic β-cells were suppressed by chronic ethanol exposure in vivo and in vitro, whereas expression of activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) and its binding to the putative Atf/Creb site (from −287 to −158 bp) on the Gck promoter were up-regulated. Furthermore, in vitro ethanol-induced Atf3 inhibited the p...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - September 25, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kim, J. Y., Hwang, J.-Y., Lee, D. Y., Song, E. H., Park, K. J., Kim, G. H., Jeong, E. A., Lee, Y. J., Go, M. J., Kim, D. J., Lee, S. S., Kim, B.-J., Song, J., Roh, G. S., Gao, B., Kim, W.-H. Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

ASPP2 attenuates triglycerides to protect against hepatocyte injury by reducing autophagy in a cell and mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
In conclusion, ASPP2 may participate in the lipid metabolism of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and attenuate liver failure. PMID: 25256142 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: J Cell Mol Med - September 25, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xie F, Jia L, Lin M, Shi Y, Yin J, Liu Y, Chen D, Meng Q Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 expression by dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (DHCA) through the AMPK-Nrf2 dependent pathway.
In this study, it was tested whether DHCA could affect the expression of HO-1, using Raw264.7 mouse macrophage cell line. DHCA increased the protein and RNA levels of HO-1 and upregulated its promoter activity. Data from transient transfection assays indicated that ARE located in the E1 region of the HO-1 promoter are important in this DHCA-mediated induction of HO-1 expression. DHCA was also shown to enhance the nuclear translocation and binding of Nrf2 to the respective DNA sequences. The upregulation of HO-1 expression by DHCA was also observed in primary macrophages derived from wild type animals, but not in those from...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - September 24, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Lee J, Kim S Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Adamts1 Mediates Ethanol‐Induced Alterations in Collagen and Elastin via a FoxO1‐Sestrin3‐AMPK Signaling Cascade in Myocytes
A variety of stressors including alcohol (EtOH) are known to induce collagen production and fibrotic diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) play an important role in regulating fibrosis, but little is known regarding the relationship between EtOH and MMPs. In addition, the signaling cascades involved in this process have not been elucidated. We have identified the MMP Adamts1 as a target of EtOH regulation. To characterize the function of Adamts1, we examined EtOH‐induced alterations in collagen I and elastin protein levels in C2C12 myocytes. Incubation of myocytes with 100 mM EtOH decreased elastin and increased co...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - August 20, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ly Q. Hong‐Brown, C. Randell Brown, Maithili Navaratnarajah, Charles H. Lang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Lycium barbarum polysaccharide attenuates alcoholic cellular injury through TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
In conclusion, inhibition of hepatic TXNIP by LBP contributes to the reduction of cellular apoptosis, oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation. PMID: 24858535 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - May 22, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xiao J, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Tipoe GL, Xing F, So KF Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research

Apolipoprotein A‐I and adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette transporter A1 expression alleviates lipid accumulation in hepatocytes
ConclusionsExpression of apoA‐I or ABCA1 can reduce steatosis by decreasing lipid storage in hepatocytes through lipid transport and may also reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress, further lessening hepatic steatosis.
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology - February 19, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wei Liu, Ling Qin, Hao Yu, Fangqiao Lv, Yutong Wang Tags: Hepatology Source Type: research

4-Hydroxynonenal induces an increase in expression of Receptor for Activating C Kinase 1 (RACK1) in Chinese hamster V79-4 lung cells.
In this study, the effect of HNE on the levels of proteins in V79-4 Chinese hamster lung cells was investigated using two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The results revealed that the expression of 23 proteins was increased by at least 2-fold and the expression of 19 proteins was decreased by at least 2-fold after exposure to 10 μM HNE for 24 hours. Decreased proteins included the metabolic enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), levels of which were decreased by 47%. Levels of the apoptotic indicator Lamin C were decreased by 33%. In contrast, levels of the scaffolding protein Receptor for Activating ...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - February 10, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Li D, Ellis EM Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: research

HMGB1 recruits hepatic stellate cells and liver endothelial cells to sites of ethanol-induced parenchymal cell injury
Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and liver endothelial cells (LEC) migrate to sites of injury and perpetuate alcohol-induced liver injury. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a protein released from the nucleus of injured cells that has been implicated as a proinflammatory mediator. We hypothesized that HMGB1 may be released from ethanol-stimulated liver parenchymal cells and contribute to HSC and LEC recruitment. Ethanol stimulation of rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells resulted in translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus as assessed by Western blot. HMGB1 protein levels were increased in the supernatant of ethanol-treated hepat...
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - December 5, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Seo, Y. S., Kwon, J. H., Yaqoob, U., Yang, L., De Assuncao, T. M., Simonetto, D. A., Verma, V. K., Shah, V. H. Tags: INFLAMMATION/IMMUNITY/MEDIATORS Source Type: research

ApoA‐I and ABCA1 expression alleviates lipid accumulation in hepatocytes
ConclusionsExpression of apoA‐I or ABCA1 can reduce steatosis by decreasing lipid storage in hepatocytes through lipid transport and may also reduce ER stress, further lessening hepatic steatosis.
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology - November 13, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wei Liu, Ling Qin, Hao Yu, Fangqiao Lv, Yutong Wang Tags: Experimental Hepatology Source Type: research

Aberrant DNA methyltransferase expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development and progression
Conclusion: Expression of DNMT1, 3a and 3b proteins is increased in PDAC tissues, and DNMT1 expression is associated with poor prognosis of patients. Knockdown of DNMT1 and 3b expression arrests tumor cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle and induces apoptosis. The data suggest that DNMT knockdown may be a novel treatment strategy for PDAC.
Source: BioMed Central - November 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jun GaoLihua WangJinkang XuJianming ZhengXiaohua ManHongyu WuJin JinKaixuan WangHuasheng XiaoShude LiZhaoshen Li Source Type: research

HMGB1 recruits hepatic stellate cells and liver endothelial cells to sites of ethanol induced parenchymal cell injury.
Abstract Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and liver endothelial cells (LEC) migrate to sites of injury and perpetuate alcohol induced liver injury. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a protein released from the nucleus of injured cells that has been implicated as a proinflammatory mediator. We hypothesized that HMGB1 may be released from ethanol-stimulated liver parenchymal cells and contribute to HSC and LEC recruitment. Ethanol stimulation of rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells resulted in translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus as assessed by Western blot. HMGB1 protein levels were increased in the supernatant of eth...
Source: Am J Physiol Gastroi... - October 3, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Seo YS, Kwon JH, Yaqoob U, Yang L, de Assuncao TM, Simonetto DA, Verma VK, Shah VH Tags: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol Source Type: research